Cancer

The CDC estimates that each year, more than eight million people are diagnosed, and consequently died from cancer, and this statistic was even higher in the 1950s. During this period, little was known of cancer’s effects on the

Cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with approximately 14 million new cases in 2012.2 The amount of new cases is expected to rise by about 70% over the next 2 decades. Cancer which causes nearly 1 in 6 deaths, is the second leading cause of death globally, and was responsible for 8.8 million deaths in 2015. Approximately 70% of deaths from cancer occur in low- and middle-income countries. In 2012 about 14.1 million new cases of cancer occurred globally (not including skin cancer other than melanoma).3 The most common types of cancer in males are lung cancer, prostate cancer, colorectal cancer and stomach cancer.

Purpose: We recently demonstrated that pathologic analysis of benign scrotal surgical specimens may be unnecessarily increasing costs of patient care. Adult circumcision specimens may also routinely be sent for pathological analysis even when penile cancer is not suspected, increasing costs with little benefit. To assess the utility of foreskin pathology analysis, we evaluated the outcomes and the costs of this practice in patients where penile cancer was not suspected.

This type of cancer happens in a man's male reproductive gland which is a small walnut-shaped gland that produces the very important fluid that gives food to keep alive and vehicles sperm. Male reproductive gland cancer grows slowly and during the first stages it remains within the male reproductive gland and not be serious or cause any harm. However, while at times male reproductive gland cancer may grow slowly and may only need very little treatment or not treatment at all, there are some type's male reproductive gland cancers that are aggressive and spread quickly. This way identifying a disease or its cause the cancer early while is kept to the male reproductive gland, has a better change of effective treatment. Although there may be no signs and signs of sickness during the early stages of male reproductive gland cancer, when the male reproductive gland cancer is more advance it may cause some signs of sickness including but not limited to; trouble urinating, decreased force in stream of urine, blood in the urine, blood in the semen, swelling of the legs and discomfort in the hip-related area. As of today, it is not certain exactly what causes male reproductive gland cancer among men. It is know that male reproductive gland cancer begins when the cells of the male reproductive gland become different from what's usually expected and change in the DNA of these

Germcell malignancy is the most common malignancy among men aged 15 to 35 years.1 Approximately one half of patients with nonseminomatous germ cell tumors of the testes present with disseminated disease. A 51-year-old man with no prior medical history presented to the emergency room with progressive dizziness, shortness of breath, muscle cramps, and palpitations on minimal exertion. He also reported blood per rectum of approximately 2 weeks’ duration.

In the United States alone, there was an estimated 1,685,210 new cases of cancer and an estimated of 595,690 people will die from the disease in 2016 ("Cancer Statistics”). Cancer is a very common aliment that affects men, women, children, and all races and ethnicities. There are many different types of cancers, and cancer research has been a focal point for many scientists. There are various treatments that a cancer patient to undergo. Surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and immune therapy are among the most common ones. Each treatment works differently, and has different positive and negative side effects.

Anogenital cancer (rectal, anal, anal canal, anorectum, penis and other genital) rates are on the rise with 27,660 estimated new male cases and 710 estimated male deaths in the United States last year alone.1 Currently, the Center for Disease Control (CDC) recommends vaccination in the men who have sex with men (MSM) population up to age 26 if they had not received it when they were younger.2 There are no current recommendations for this population who are greater than age 26 who have not previously received the vaccine. As age of an individual and number of lifetime sexual partners increases, the risk of developing anal cancer also increases. Men who have had >15 sexual partners during their lifetime show an increase in risk of developing anal cancer (OR=5.3; 95% CI, 2.4-12.0). Additionally, men who practice receptive anal intercourse is independently related to an increased risk of developing anal cancer (OR=6.8; 95% CI 1.4-33.8).3

As the main source of death in the United States, malignancy gets a gigantic measure of consideration from analysts and research healing centers devoted to deciding the cause and hunting down cures. Around one-portion of men and 33% of ladies will build up some kind of malignancy amid their lifetime. Confidence is vital, be that as it may, as a great many individuals are presently living disease free on account of the endeavors of scientists and the donations of individuals over the world.

Testicular cancer is very rare it, and prostate cancer it can affect males age 15-35. Risk factors are history of one or both testes fail to descend, family history and is more common in white male than African American men. Treatments for prostate cancer depend on the aggressiveness of cancer and can range from surgery, radiation, and hormonal therapy. BPH treatments depend on the severity of is symptoms although it cannot be cured medications can help to shrink the prostate and surgical removal of the central part of the prostate can relive the symptoms, close monitoring until symptoms become a problem. BPH is caused by increased levels of testosterone at occur normally with increasing age, and is the most common cause of urinary obstruction of men 40 and older. Prostate cancer it is not entirely understood but it is caused by an unregulated growth of prostate cells, and is the most common male cancer. Common risk factors are hereditary; an increase age of 50 and older and is more commonly found in African American men then white. Treatments for testicular cancer depend on type of cancer or malignant or non-malignant, and stage of cancer but may include removal of the testicle and nearby lymph nodes sometimes fallowed by radiation

Today, prostate cancer is usually detected through screening, and there are two methods for early detection. The prostate-specific antigen test (PSA) is used, but there are

Risk factors such as, family history. For example about 10% of men at a young age have had testicular cancer because they were born with an undescended testicle. Also, men with specific genetics such as the Klinefelter syndrome, Down syndrome or family that has had the disease before, could have a high risk of the cancer to develop. Not only can family history increase the risk of the disease, but also men with sexual transmitted diseases such as HIV can possibly get testicular cancer. There are usually no early symptoms of the cancer, but at least 25% do experience them. Some early symptoms include a mass or lump that is felt in the testes, it is usually painless. Even if the lump or mass is small or large, and soft or hard it is not always cancer, the mass or lump could indicate anything else. Depending on how much the cancer has spread, there are different symptoms for each. For example, if the cancer has spread beyond the testicle such as the lymph nodes in the abdomen or the lungs and brain symptoms such

Testicular cancer in one of the most common cancers in young men between the ages of 15 and 35, but the disease also occurs in other age groups. All men should be aware of the signs and symptoms, the causes of the disease, and the treatment. Compared with other cancers, testicular cancer is rare. Testicular cancer is highly treatable, even when cancer has spread beyond the testicle. Depending on the type and stage of testicular cancer, you may receive one of several treatments, or a combination. Regular testicular self-examinations can help identify growths early, when the chance for successful treatment of testicular cancer is highest.

For males the following diseases that can be prevented include genital warts, and the following cancers anal, throat, mouth, and penile (CDC, 2016). Cervical cancer from HPV are caused by HPV types 16 and 18 by 70%, anal cancer is caused by HPV type 16 by 95%, and throat and mouth cancer is caused by type 16 by 70% (NIH National Cancer Institute, 2016). Type 16 also causes cancer in the following areas vagina by 65%, vulva by 50%, and penile by 35% (NIH National Cancer Institute,

I actually didn’t even know penile cancer was a thing before this project. It is rare but you never know if you’re at risk. That’s why, with every cancer, it’s always best to detect

Cancer has one of the biggest effects on the patients mental health but also the patients loved ones and friends. It is one of the hardest things to get a grip on when the doctor tells someone that they have cancer and a fifty-fifty chance of making it. "The disease can bring many changes-in what people do and how they look, in how they feel and what they value" (Dakota 4). It makes people look at the world and their lives in a different way, valuing now what they took for granted and seeing the bigger picture in every scenario. It is something that no one can actually brace, even after the doctor tells them. Through it all though, the person must remain strong and optimistic because the cancer can affect the person's moods and in return affect the outcome of the person and the chances of their making it