Apush Unit 5 Study Guide

acute pain-a protective mechanism that alerts the individual to a condition or experiece that is immediately harmful

1. Some people accuse sociologists of observing conditions that are obvious. How does looking at sociology as “making the familiar strange” help counter this claim? How does sociology differ from simple commonsense reasoning?

Mayflower Compact-signed before leaving the ship, the Mayflower Compact wad the first form of self government within the colonies. It was not a constitution but an agreement to form a crude government and to submit to the will of the majority under the regulations agreed upon. The compact would set a precedent for future constitutions

3. Microbiologists employee a number of approached to acquiring a pure culture from a from sample containing a number of different types of bacteria. Briefly describe three different procedures commonly used to secure pure cultures from a mixed culture. The use of simple labeled diagrams may be quite helpful.

In the late 19th Century, Congress approved of three amendments to the Constitution: the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments. The 13th Amendment ended slavery, the 14th granted citizenship to black people, and the 15th gave them the right to vote. At the same time, multiple Southern state legislatures passed Black Codes. These Black Codes prohibited blacks from renting or buying land, testifying in court, voting in some cases, and made a form of semibondage. Furthermore, these Codes directly violated the newly made amendments to the Constitution. This depicts how the South and their government leaders refused to follow the new amendments that they did not agree with hence revealing that their political views still haven’t changed since the Civil War. Additionally, the Plessy vs Ferguson Supreme Court Case legalized segregation as separate but equal. This showed the unwillingness of the South the fully accept the new amendments, especially the 13th and 14th amendments, and the legalization of blacks into citizens of the state. Michigan Senator Zachariah Chandler complained about this and more particularly Southern representation in Congress. He was outraged that there were 36 members of Congress from the South. He believed that this was against the 14th Amendment, since the South was disenfranchised. He also

Jim Crow laws were state and local laws that reinforced racial segregation in the South between the end of Reconstruction in 1877 and the beginning of the civil rights movement in the 1950’s (Urofsky). The laws mandated segregation of schools, drinking fountains, restrooms, buses, and restaurants. In legal theory, blacks received “separate but equal” treatment under the law--in actuality, public facilities were nearly always inferior to those for whites, when they existed at all. In addition, blacks were systematically denied the right to vote in most of the rural South through the selective application of literacy tests and other racially motivated criteria (PBS). Despite Jim Crow laws being abolished in 1964 when President Lyndon Johnson

Although laws promoting equality were passed, they were merely considered nothing to the people who carried animosity toward the blacks. Living their daily lives under the policy of “Separate but Equal” (Kallen 37), the blacks were treated terribly by their fellow white neighbors. The “Separate but Equal” law, passed in 1896 by the Supreme Court, stated that blacks could be segregated from whites in all public facilities as long as other facilities that were equal in quality were provided (Kallen 37). Prohibited from performing in theatres, attending performances, riding in streetcars, using the restrooms, going to school, playing at the park, and eating at restaurants, blacks were completely segregated from their community by the enforcement of laws known as the Jim Crow Laws (Kallen 38). During this time, the blacks were tired of the oppression and the derision of their natural rights that they were receiving and it motivated many to make a change in society and to have a voice.

In 1896 the U.S. Supreme Court case upheld the constitution of segregation under the “separate but equal” doctrine in the Plessy vs. Ferguson case. This case examined one key issue, was it constitutional to make black people sit in separate cars from white people? In 1890, Homer Plessy broke the law in Louisiana, by sitting in the white people car and he was 1/8 black and 7/8 white. The state of Louisiana passed the Separate Car Act, which required railway companies to have "separate but equal." There was punishment for not following the law which if a person would sit in the wrong car they had to pay $25 fine or go to jail for 20 days. Plessy was asked to move, but he refused and was arrested. When he was sent to jail he argued that Separated car acts violated the 14th amendment. Plessy took his case to the U.S. Supreme Court and it was

In 1866 the U.S. congress passed The civil rights act which allowed all black males the same citizenship no matter if they were a former slave or not as the white citizens of America. By passing this law it created tension in the south because African Americans had the same constitutional rights that white americans had. Some white people of the south resorted to lynching freed African Americans accused of crimes. Lynching is when a person would be murdered mainly by hanging and without the accused having the due process of the law. The victims did not receive a fair trial and their rights were not upheld what these people were doing was unconstitutional.

5.Teapot Dome Scandal-in the Harding administration, Secretary of the Navy ,Edwin Denby persuaded the president to transfer responsibility. Senate investigation was opened by Thomas J. Walsh.It was found that Secretary Fall had received more than $400,000 in "loans" for assisting Sinclair and Doheny. Big Scandal of 1923.

I do have to say that I disagree with the decision made by the court, which is probably why this particular case has been question. In other cases such as: Hernandez v. Woodard, 714 F. Supp. 963, 1989 and Shakman v. Democratic Organization of Cook County, 481 F. Supp. 1315, 1979. I believe that technically the decision made did not violate the 14th amendment, for reason stated above that everyone received the same treatment and that the privilege was taken away from all and not just one race and that they can’t force the State to run a public facility. But it does make you think, why is it as soon as the State

In 1896, the court case of Plessy vs. Ferguson ruled that the states had the right to legally segregate public facilities. This court ruling fueled the fire of Southerners in regards to race relations, leading to the Jim Crow laws. These laws went as far as to say blacks could not cut a white person’s hair, drink from the same water fountain as a white person, and established a test for blacks to take prior to getting a ballot.

All passenger in any motor transportation shall have separate windows for the white and colored races (Alabama). This posed a great problem for blacks, at any point (while riding the bus) they could be told to move to the back or even worse told to get off. This kind of segregation happened in schools too. “Separate free schools shall be established for the education of children of African descent; and it shall be unlawful for any colored child to attend any white school, or any white child to attend a colored school.” Even children had to experience the cruelty shown by other because of their skin

The plaintiff's contention is that the city’s statute violates the equal protection Clause of the 14th Amendment. Since the classification at issue involves gender of the users of the public restrooms, it falls within the quasi- suspect categories. Therefore, this city must meet the intermediate scrutiny standard.

What was the most definitive legislative act of marginalization directed at African-Americans prior to 1865?