Anxiety Disorders: A Case Study

The therapist used the Cognitive Model of Panic (Clark, 1986), initially developing the three key elements of

Anxiety is a predisposed emotion expressed through the reaction to or the contemplation of the present, impending, or future likelihood of a threat. As social beings, our environment provides us with much information on how to adapt and survive as we explore the world. Such information is interactive with our cognitive and bodily mechanisms, and anxiety is an emotion that has been imperative in processing information from our environment as a means to judge and react in the face of aversive stimuli. Although anxiety is expected to be a normal reaction to aversive and threatening stimuli, it can be expressed abnormally. When anxiety and panic is expressed persistently and excessively in the absence of a threat or likelihood of harm, this serves as a problem, which is generally described as a disordered occurrence of anxiety.

In general, the first part of therapy is largely informational; many people are greatly helped by simply understanding exactly what panic disorder is, and how many others suffer from it. Many people who suffer from panic disorder are worried that their panic attacks mean they're "going crazy" or that the panic might induce a heart attack. By helping to change the way a patient things about their panic attacks these often is a first step toward people replacing their worst thoughts with more realistic, positive ways of viewing the

Exposure therapy that exposes a person to panic in a controlled environment to help learn beneficial ways of coping

Based on research, CBT is one of the successful therapeutic actions that have demonstrated usefulness to provide a measure to a wide variety of mental illnesses (Basco & Rush, 2007). Major benefiters of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy include patients with depression, mood disorders, and personality disorders. CBT has proved to be as useful as an antidepressant to some individuals with depression in addition to superiority in relapsing prevailing mood swings. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy is also applicable in treating anxiety disorders. Among the patients in this category of the disorder include those who experience persistent panic attacks. Through therapy, these people are encouraged to take tests of beliefs they have concerning such attacks

Getting used to your panic attacks is the best way to cope with them There isn’t even a shred of any truth in this myth. Getting accustomed to your panic attacks never was and never will be the right way to cope with them as it just exacerbates your problem. There are ways to curb your problem and those will be discussed later on in the book. Stiff drinks and brown bags help manage anxiety Another myth suggests that having a stiff drink or hyperventilating in a brown paper bag is a good way to manage your anxiety.

This relates to what we have studied in class, we have directly studied Generalized Anxiety and panic attacks. We have also discussed types of treatments for anxiety. If someone wanted to take medication, they could take Zoloft, which is a popular type of antianxiety drug. For treatment without prescribed medicine, one could go to therapies. A popular type of therapy we have studied that could be beneficial could be Client-Centered therapy. The therapist would display active listening, where they listen and ask questions to the client to gain understanding. They would also demonstrate unconditional positive regard. The therapist would be completing accepting and caring for the client. This way, the patient could talk about their concerns in

Anxiety is treated with cognitive behavioral therapy. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is the most used for anxiety.Cognitive behavioral therapy helps with negativity and “bad” feelings. Cognitive behavioral therapy has two main components these include : “Cognitive therapy examines how negative thoughts, or cognitions, contribute to anxiety.Behavior therapy examines how you behave and react in situations that trigger anxiety.The basis of cognitive behavioral therapy is that our thoughts—not external events—affect the way we feel”(Arbor,2011,p.12). In other words, different situations can have different reactions and vise versa. Each clinical area focuses on different parts of the brain that may trigger anxiety and it 's symptoms.

Essentially, they wanted to determine if one method of therapy that was more effective than another, and if the current methods were even effective at all. The results showed that there is no major difference between Relaxation Therapy and Cognitive Therapy in the treatment of General Anxiety Disorder (Siev & Chambless, 2007). However, Cognitive-behavioral therapy and cognitive therapy showed to be more effective in the treatment Panic Disorder (Siev & Chambless,

2. Anxiety affects the brain's ability to function but antidepressants make up the difference 2.1 Biological difference in brain structure A person diagnosed with General Anxiety Disorder has a different biological brain structure than those without the disease. Diagnosing mental illness has been a long-time challenge for health practitioners; aside from the few physical symptoms, there is no way to measure the way a person feels. Amit Etkin, MD, Ph.D., and Michael Greicius MD, from Stanford University Medical School, got one step closer to a quicker diagnosis by using imaging technology to find structural differences in an anxious brain.

Most of those who are treated at emergency rooms will be discharged without ever knowing what was wrong with them. Many patients fear the attack will last indefinitely, however, in reality most panic attacks peak within ten minutes and then quickly go away. It does seem to the sufferer that those few minutes are forever due to their overwhelming fear. Because the attacks are such horrible experiences, most panic disorder patients will then develop anticipatory anxiety, which is known as fear of the fear. They not only fear the panic attack, itself, but also the anticipation of it. They will obsess over the possibility they will have more attacks. Even the slightest physical symptom can set off the anticipatory anxiety and create the fear of fear.

The Expanding Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Treatment Umbrella for the Anxiety Disorders: Disorder Specific and Transdiagnostic Approaches

Panic Disorder is a genuine condition that approximately one out of 75 individuals encounter (APA, 2015). It is totally unexpected and generally shows up amid the high school age children or early adulthood, keeping in mind the accurate reasons are vague, however, there does appear to be an association with significant "life stressor" moves that are possibly unpleasant, such as, moving on from school, getting married, having a first child, et cetera (APA, 2015). Also, there is evidence for a hereditary inclination; if a relative has experienced Panic Disorder, there may be an increased risk to the children, particularly amid a period in your life that is especially unpleasant (APA, 2015). This author selected this disorder to research, due to the fact, that she is familiar with someone who suffers from Panic Disorder and is interested in learning more about the topic. The first time that this individual became aware of the problem was when she accepted an assignment out of the country, and could not get on the flight.

They needed to do the study to compare panic and change in panic during therapy. One of the models was a catastrophic cognitions model, which deals with the reduction of the catastrophic beliefs that will have the patient experience less severe panic attacks. The second model within this study is a low self-efficacy model. The self-efficacy model calculates individuals over a certain period of time and when the period of time is complete the information that was collected forms a relation between the variables. The hypothesis of the study is to compare and contrast the changes in the catastrophic beliefs and

The excess of worry and fear is only heightened due to the fact that physical ailments are normally present. If a person with this disorder is concerned over a health related matter, the unexplained physical conditions that are occurring only reinforce the beliefs and worry that is taking place inside their head.