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Analysis Of Ruins Of A Great House By Derek Walcott

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Derek Walcott, born on January 23, 1930 in St. Lucia, became a well renowned African-American author, winning the Nobel Peace Prize in 1972 for his substantial work in poetry. Many of his poems deal with the idea of race and British imperialism in the 19th century and the poem “Ruins of a Great House” is no different. Walcott reflects on the effects of slavery and British colonization in the Caribbean, continually referring to England as the “empire”. “Ruins of a Great House” is written from Walcott’s perspective in the 19th century Caribbean and tackles the destruction of the Caribbean culture using vivid imagery, allusion, word choice, and metaphors. Derek Walcott eloquently conveys the frustration of the native peoples, in the Caribbean, when he portrays the deterioration and disarray of post British rule throughout this work. Starting off his poem with an excerpt from “Urn Burial” by Sir Thomas Browne (a treatise on the funeral rites of ancient nations), Walcott immediately conveys to the reader a sense of death, misery and destruction. The extinguishing of the light in the excerpt acts as a visual metaphor to death. Just like an urn holds the remains of a person, what is left of the “Great House” holds the ruins and atrocities of British colonialism.
In the first stanza, Walcott uses the Latin phrase “disjecta membra”, meaning scattered fragments, to help depict the Great House or the colonial system in a state erosion and decay. There are “stones only” left behind. Continuing with the theme of destruction, Walcott describes the only remaining “task” to do in the house as the act of filing “the lizard’s dragonish claws” who now occupies the decaying house. The angels or “cherubs” that adorned the gate of the house have been around forever and are now “streaked with stain”. Walcott is referring to how the colonized Caribbean islands are forever stained with the pain of slavery and the cruelty of British rule. The “stain” could also be a metaphor for the blood of slaves that was shed on the property. What was once a pure culture and land, just like angels, has now been stained by the atrocities of a now dead empire. The description of crows in stanza two furthers the idea of decay, as crows are

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