Acute Otitis Externa

The article from the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP) that addresses acute otitis media (AOM) is a filtered resource. This article is appropriate for use in nursing practice as it establishes diagnosis and management guidelines for the treatment of AOM. In addition the article recommends treatment options for the symptoms of AOM and addresses the concept of watchful waiting. The is an evidence based guideline as it provides recommendations for practice and was created a systematic review and best clinical research in clinical literature. The Block article, Causative Pathogens,

American Academy of Pediatrics and American Academy of Family Physicians article regarding acute otitis media is a filtered resource. It is an appropriate source for nursing practice because; it establishes clinical guidelines to diagnose and manage AOM. It also establishes guidelines when to treat the signs and symptoms of AOM, watchful waiting, or to treat with an antibiotic. This article is classified as an evidence based guideline because, it reviews multiple research literatures in a systemic manner and provides

Based on signs and symptoms, Bill may have any of these could be the causative agents that are causing the problem.The first type of infection he may have is bacterial otitis externa which is caused by swimming in infected waters (Cohen, 193). Bill started feeling symptoms days after his physical therapy treatment in the water. Bill could also have

Jefferson Democracy supported a advocated a political system that supported public education, free press, free voting, limited government, and concerning land democracy and move away from aristocratic rule. His presidency changed some of his values, therefore, he wanted a republican system, which states and federal government share. Jefferson’s domestic policies included decreasing the size of government, establishing the development of the first national court system, and furthering what he saw as the agrarian republic. Jefferson was responsible for two cut backs, such as he repealed the taxes Hamilton had appointed, which down sized the number of federal employees. He also cut back the military by having a small army on the western frontier

Otitis Externa is most often caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Acute otitis media can be caused by bacterial or viral pathogens. Some of the pathogens associated with acute otitis media (AOM) include, S. pneumoniae, H. influenza, M. catarrhalis, and Streptococcus pyogenes. The common cold or rhinosinusitis is likely caused by rhinoviruses, adenoviruses, coronaviruses, enteroviruses, influenza and parainfluenza viruses, and respiratory syncytial virus (Burns, Dunn, Brady, Starr, & Blosser, 2013). Acute bacterial rhinosinusitis (ABRS) is a result of the S. pneumoniae, H. influenza, M. catarrhalis and/or B-hemolytic streptococci bacterias. Sore throats or acute pharyngitis is 90 percent of the time caused by a viruse. Bacterial sore throats are often a result of the group A streptococci bacteria. According to Burns et al., 2013, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia pneumoniae, groups C and G streptococci, and Arcanobacterium hemolyticum can cause acute pharyngitis. Pathogens that typically cause infections of the tonsils include B-hemolytic streptococci, group D streptococcus, and S. pneumonia (Burns, et al., 2013). The pathogens involved in acute cervical adenitis include B-hemolytic strep, staphylococcus, B. heneslae, viruses, and atypical

Acute inflammation of the middle ear with effusion is treated with one or two courses of antibiotics . Antihistamines and decongestants have been used, but they have not been proven effective unless there is also hay fever or some other allergic inflammation that contributes to the problem. Myringotomy with or

This evidence meets the criteria for a filtered source. It was sourced online from the Official Journal of the American Academy of Pediatrics and Family Physicians. Specialists from multi medical disciplines assembled to create an integrative systematic study and review of the current evidence- based literature available for the treatment and management of Acute Otitis Media (AOM). The conclusions and findings were utilized to devise guidelines and a practice protocol that recommended early diagnosis and makes

This is when sound cannot pass efficiently through the outer and middle ear to the cochlea and auditory nerve. The most common type of conductive deafness in children is caused by ‘glue ear’. Glue ear (or otitis media) affects about one in five children at any time.

ear infections (American Academy of Otolaryngology). There are antibiotics for these diseases, but over the years they have been becoming more resistant.

Acute Otitis Media (AOM), inflammation or infection of the middle ear, is an illness most parents have had experience with. Countless hours of lost sleep and worry secondary to their child’s pain and distress can keep even the most seasoned parents awake at night. Before the age of 36 months, 83% of children will experience 1 or more ear infections and AOM is the most common reason for office visits of preschoolers in the United States (Zhou, Shefer, Kong & Nuorti, 2008). The graphic below serves as a review of evidence and explores the usefulness of the information in relation to the option of watchful waiting in the management of AOM.

The world of medicine in Ancient Egypt is a cloud of mystery and very little is known other than what has been salvaged from surviving papyri. What the papyri can tell one who examines them is that the Egyptians had some knowledge of the anatomy and had constructed their own approaches to medical issues. Compared to other civilizations such as the Babylonians and the Greeks, who used more rational and logical approaches, Egyptian medicine might seem less sophisticated. In earlier clinical writings there has been less magic mentioned than in later times, which could be due to the endurance of the Old Kingdom boosting their confidence in the power of mankind and their king. So knowing that the Egyptians relied very much on magic and the supernatural to provide them knowledge of the ailments of the body, some of it was also the root of reason and plain common sense.

Logos is used because it blatantly points out that smoking is bad for people’s health. In many areas of the world, this is general knowledge. Smoking is generally seen as being very damaging to the body and having a negative view towards it, unlike past decades were smoking was accepted and even encouraged.

Otitis media (OM) is the main source of ear disease in Indigenous children (AIHW, 2014). OM can lead to fluctuating hearing loss and it usually does not show any symptoms so that detect without specialist screening is difficult (AIHW, 2014). Indigenous children’s development and schooling would be seriously affected as early childhood hearing loss is detrimental to brain development, lead to low language development and poor social development (AIHW, 2014). In Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children, the disease embodies early, often within the first two weeks of life, and usually presents as middle ear effusion, or glue ear (AIHW, 2014). The reasons for high rates of ear disease in Indigenous children are household overcrowding, passive smoking, premature birth, bottle feeding and malnutrition (AIHW, 2014). For the improvement measures, Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccination and routine child ear and hearing check can help to improve these ear diseases (AIHW,

Retrieved May 26, 2016, from http://search.proquest.com.ezproxy1.apus.edu/docview/914750489/72B3AC492D8D43A9PQ/2?accountid=8289 Rovers, M. M., Numans, M. E., Langenback, E., Grobbee, D. E., et al. (2008). Is pacifier use a risk factor for acute otitis media? A dynamic cohort study. Family Practice, 25, 233-236.

The etiology of Otosclerosis of most patients is usually a genetic mutation or inherited from a parent. Otosclerosis is known to be a in an autosomal dominant pattern with variable penetrance. Which means that a child has a 50% chance of inheriting the gene if one parent is a carrier. Scientists have found that it can be multiple genes on the chromosomes that are affected that cause Otosclerosis. Showing that the disease does not just occur on one specific gene. Scientist where able to find in one case that a family had a mutation in a gene for collagen and antibodies against collagen, suggesting an autoimmune mechanism (Niedermeyer & Arnold 2002). Although, scientist found this information they cannot automatically say that this is the sole cause for Otosclerosis, because they have also found that in some cases of this diseases that it can be onset by an infection of the measles virus. A recent hypothesis suggests that otosclerosis requires a combination of a specific gene with exposure to a specific virus (for example measles) for it to be expressed and for hearing loss to occur (McGuirt et al, 1998). Scientists continue to work on this hypothesis because they have reason to believe that the measles virus predisposes patients to Otosclerosis. They have found viral material in the nucleic acid of the otosclerotic stapes footplates (Karosi et al 2008) and increased levels of antibodies to