5.05 Mixtures & Solutions Lab Report
By Nathan Mitchell 4/23/15
Background Information & Research
1. Paper Chromatography is a method used for the separation of colors which are also referred to as colored chemicals/substances or pigments. This method is used for experiments, to identify coloring agents and to separate out a compound into its various components.
2. 3 real-world uses for paper chromatography include forensic testing, performance enhancing drug testing, and Ebola immunization.
3. References:
a. http://www.chromatographytoday.com/news/industrial-news/39/breaking_news/5_uses_of_chromatography_in_everyday_life/32639/
b. http://www.chemguide.co.uk/analysis/chromatography/paper.html
Purpose of Lab
The purpose of this lab is
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10. I then repeated steps 1-9 using alcohol as my solvent, instead of the 1% salt solution.
Data & Observations
1. I predict the components I expect to see from each candy color will be watered down, mixed and dissolved pigments of each of the candy colors on the strip of paper.
2. 1% Saltwater Solution:
Color
Length Traveled (in centimeters)
Yellow
6 cm
Orange
5 cm
Red
4 cm
Purple
4.5 cm
Green
0 cm (No Travel)
Alcohol:
Color
Length Traveled (in centimeters)
Yellow
2 ½ cm
Orange
1 ½ cm
Red
1 ½ cm
Purple
1 ½ cm
Green
2 ½ cm
3. Observations:
a. It was hard to outline and cut the 2 paper strips to their exact measurements.
b. It was hard to place the water equally distant from each other.
c. The color from the candies dissolved into the water and disappeared from half of each of the candies.
d. The colors began to fade and dissolve from the strip of paper. Using the salt solution, the only colors visible were yellow, orange, green and red. These colors were mixed, meaning there’s more of a lime and turquoise within the colors.
e. The dots also became more faded as the experiment went under way.
Discussion & Solution
1. The 1% saltwater solution was easy to create, however there was a greater amount of this solution than the alcohol. The saltwater solution worked better and had more effect on each of the colors on the strip of paper than the alcohol solution because the colors began
8. The Tubes were observed for a final 5 minutes, noting any color changes in the solutions.
1. Record your hypothesis about what will happen when Biuret solution is mixed with the solutions from test tubes 1, 2, 3, and 4 here. Be sure to use scientific reasoning to support your hypothesis.
24) Separate the formed crystals (benzoin) and allow them to dry, then take the MP.
1. Which dye diffused the fastest in corn syrup? Red Dye In your chosen material? Lemon Concentrate, Blue Dye
c) Record the amount of substance that dissolved – all, some, a little, or none.
The first step that needed to be done in this experiment was adding hydrochloric acid (HCl)
1. View the three scenarios listed below. You must observe and analyze these as part of the lab.
The similarities between column and paper chromatography is that both have a stationary and mobile phase. The stationary phase in the paper chromatography is the paper, and in the column is the sodium bicarbonate. The mobile phase in the paper chromatography is the movement of the solvent, .3% NaCl, and the column is the different solutions added. Column chromatography is basically the same as paper chromatography, except that the dye solution would have to be added individually rather than being able to do it all at once, like it does when using chromatography
The Vitamin C turned to a red/orange color with no physical/chemical reaction. For the salt the solution turned to an orange color with no physical/chemical reaction. With the Alka-Seltzer, the solution turned to a brown color with no reaction as well. Last but not least, the Baking soda turned to an orange/brown color with no reaction.
3. Did any bubbles form off the screw in the sugar solution at all? Why might this happen despite your answer to Question 2?
So my guess was correct again. The blue water did slowly enter the red water.
The next step was to place the strip of chromatography paper on a paper towel. Then dip a capillary tube into the plant pigment extract (spinach pigment extract) provided by the teacher. The tube will fill on its own. We applied the extract to the pencil line on the paper, blew the strip dry, and repeated it three to four times until the line on the paper is a dark
a. White foods such as bread or rice generally under the same type of process as sugar to get its color.
There are four different kinds of chromatography, there is gas, paper, liquid, and thin-layer. Gas chromatography is mostly used to determine the chemical composition of the unknown substances. Thin-layer is used on thin plastic or glass trays to identify the composition of pigments and chemicals. Liquid is used to identify an unknown plant pigments and other compounds. Lastly, paper can be used to separate the components of inks and dyes. So in this essay i will talk about two real life cases that involve Gas and paper chromatography and
Conventional Liquid Chromatography is most commonly used in preparative scale work to purify and isolate some components of a mixture. It’s also used in ultra trace separations where small disposable columns are used once and then discarded. Analytical separations of solutions for detection or quantification typically use more sophisticated high-pressure liquid chromatography instruments.