1 Introduction
This literature review contributes to the activities of the coaching process in ‘EXT 8888’ Medical Device Company by reviewing current good practice in coaching and will cover the following: Background and development of coaching, key areas of coaching, coaching methodologies, coaching models, coaching and leadership development, best practice in the areas of workplace coaching. The output of this review will examine the relevance of coaching in the context of people development and will contribute to the knowledge of how to achieve a uniform approach to Team Leader development within EXT 8888 Cork by using coaching techniques and the development of a coaching plan.
2 Context
Since 2010, coaching has been cited in several
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Coaching is one of the strategies that will assist the company to attract and retain talent of those staff who play critical roles in the organisation and who possess skills sets vital to organisational operations and performance.
3 What Is Coaching
Defining coaching is not a straightforward exercise. For the purposes of this review we have identified the main definitions to offer an overview of coaching theory, models and practice most pertinent to the manufacturing industry. The term coaching comes from an old Anglo-Saxon word meaning carriage, in other words, something that takes you from where you are now to where you want to be. Kennedy (Kennedy, 2009) lists the following definitions
• The art of facilitating the performance, learning and development of another
• Unlocking a person’s potential to maximize their own performance
• Closing the gap between thinking about doing and doing
• Coaching is about performing at your best through the individual and private assistance of someone who will challenge, stimulate and guide you to keep growing.
• Coaching is about getting results and helping clients understand their way of generating problems. Coaching assists a client in defining what they want, removing obstacles, setting goals, and striving for balance and fulfilment.
Coaching is recognised as an effective organisational development tool which has solid foundations in psychology, philosophy and education and derives many of its principles and practices
I think it is safe to say that the coach has several roles to perform; with the main objective being to develop the person being coached. This can be achieved by increasing self-confidence, identifying relevant and suitable topics for coaching as well as agreeing the setting of suitable planned tasks to support the learning process.
Young Leadership: In seeking to examine, promote, and advance the success of Teaching and coaching in an organizational setting, the national and International Consortium for Coaching in Organizations is intended as a forum for all people involved in coaching in organizations: the organizational users of
Bluckert, P. (2005). Critical factors in executive coaching- the coaching relationship. Industrial and Commercial Training, 37(7), 336-340. doi:10.1108/00197850510626785
Coaching is a useful way to develop people’s skills and abilities, and of boosting performance. It can also help deal with issues and challenges before they become major problems. Coaching typically begins with a personal interview with the employee to assess the situation, review current opportunities and challenges. After the interview, priorities for action are established along with specific desired outcomes. Individuals may also be asked to complete specific action items in a certain period of time that support the achievement of desired goals. Resources may also be provided such as articles, checklists and assessments.
A coach or mentor can help to give guidance and support as challenges are faced, assisting staff in negotiating challenging situations with increased confidence.
Coaching: helping another person to improve awareness, to set and achieve goals in order to improve a particular behavioural performance.
Finally, I would use all these examples of coaching in my own coaching. The thing that means the most to me in coaching is this: 1) Be me, listen thoroughly without interruption or daydreaming. 2) Master the art of critical thinking questions that help guide the client to look inwardly to discover the answer that is right for them, not me. 3) Empower them with positive reinforcement. 4) Love them like Jesus
One definition of coaching is “Coaching is unlocking a person’s potential to maximize their own performance.” (Coaching for performance, Sir John Whitmore 1992). Or to expand on this; Simply defined, coaching is one person guiding another through a process, leading to performance enhancement. The applications can vary, support to achieve a specific project, helping an individual to do better what they already do well, or developing a skill they don't yet possess.
There are a number of definitions to what coaching is; I feel that I can personally relate to the following definition:
What is coaching – “The coach works with the clients to achieve a speedy, increased and sustainable effectiveness in their lives and careers through focused learning. The coach’s sole aim is to work with the client to achieve all of the client’s potential-as defined by the client” The Coaching Manual Starr, J 2008.
Effective coaching can play a valuable part in any organisation, however there any many potential barriers that can prevent us to coach effectively.
Coaching is the art of facilitating another person’s learning, development and performance. Through coaching people are able to find their own solutions, develop their own skills and change their own behaviors and attitudes.
Workplace coaching is a term that refers to the process of equipping people in the working environment with necessary tools, opportunities, and knowledge for total development in order to enhance their effectiveness from an individual, organizational, and work perspective. Workplace coaching has emerged as a major concept in modern organizations since leaders, researchers, and organizations have identified it as a crucial competency in leadership and management (Cacioppe, n.d.). The increase in this practice has also been attributed to the fact that employees continue to request for coaching. As an important competency in leadership and management, workplace coaching has assumed different perspectives and approaches because of the existence of various coaching models such as Systemic Psychodynamic Coaching model.
Coaching can take many forms, life coaching, business coaching, performance coaching etc. As with mentoring and counselling it is about helping the individual to gain self awareness, but it is goal focused and action is required so that the individual can move forward. The goal setting process has two components: skill development and psychological development. The outcome sought is that the "coachee" will achieve the goals set, and
The UK coaching framework was revised in 2012/2013 and a more concise document based around ‘Excellent Coaching Every Time for Everyone’ which provided a focus on four main key objectives, these were: