Assess 1 Recovery Report

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Prozac, C17H18F3NO, is a widely used antidepressant that inhibits the uptake of serotonin by the brain. (a) Find its molar mass. (b) What is the percentage composition of carbon in the drug?

Johann Thudichum, who practiced medicine in London about 100 years ago, also dabbled in lipid chemistry in his spare time. He isolateda variety of lipids from neural tissue and characterized and named many of them. His carefully sealed and labeled vials of isolated lipids were rediscovered many years later.(a) How would you confirm, using techniques not available to Thudichum, that the vials labeled “sphingomyelin” and “cerebroside” actually contain these compounds?(b) How would you distinguish sphingomyelin from phosphatidylcholine by chemical, physical, or enzymatic tests?

Intestinal bacteria convert choline to trimethylamine, and the liver converts this gas to trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO). TMAO promotes atherosclerosis, possibly by stimulating macrophages to take up LDL. (a) Could this chemistry explain why eating large amounts of eggs (which are rich in phosphatidylcholine) is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease? (b) Some research suggests that ingesting supplemental phosphatidylcholine can slow the aging process. Is this consistent with your answer to Part (a)?

The neurotransmitter at the somatic muscular junction is a) glycine b) ach c) epinephrine d) norepinephrine  e)gaba f) Glutamate

Select the correct pairing of a structure and the process it is associated with.    A. Schwann cells……..muscle contraction  B. ATP synthase…..electron transport chain  C. H+ pump……facilitated diffusion  D. Mitochondria…..protein synthesis

Excess physiologyic or pathologic stress may force the cell to a new steady state ………… .

Which of the following statements (s) about the ESA is not true? a) ENS can stimulate the release of hydrochloric acid b) Parasympathetic nerve pathways can stimulate ENS c) ENS operates through local control d) The neuron in the ENS cannot affect motility without being directly linked to the CNS e) ENS consists of sensory and motor neurons

True or FalseA) Generally, in pulse oximetry, two light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are used, one at NIR near the isobetic wavelength at 650 nm and the other at ∼ 800 nm (red). ……………… ……………………B) Most of the total hemoglobin (THb) is in the form of HbO2 or HbR, HbCO and metHb are usually <10% of THb. …………………………………..C) Most pulse oximeters are accurate to ±2% in the normal physiological range of 70% to 100% oxygen saturation. ……………………………D) Transcutaneous pulse oximetry (TPOX) is an NI mode used to estimate the percent O2 saturation of Hb in peripheral blood using spectrophotometric techniques. …………………………………………

*Question 10 Sarcomeres are functional units _____muscle A) Cardiac B) Skeletal C) B and C only D) Smooth Please briefly explain each one correct or incorrect. Thanks

Which of these is not a component of phosphatidylcholine?  a)  glycerol   b)  phosphate  c)  choline   d)  sphingosine

The enzyme(s) that determines the speed of biosynthesis of major neurotransmitters in some neurons in the CNS is: Tyrosine hydroxylase only amino acid decarboxylase only Tryptophan hydroxylase only both a) and c)

Collagen contains some post-translationally modified amino acids like 4-hydroxyproline and 5-hydroxylysine. These amino acids form …….. interaction in collagen structure which makes the structure stronger and more stable. The enzyme, prolyl hydroxylase requires …….. to perform hydroxylation of proline.

Question 23) For these three situations below, describe whether there are changes in humoral, viscero-motor, and somatic motor responses. If there are changes, describe them. A) A mouse mutant or MC4 receptors in the hypothalamic lateral area do not bind to alpha-MSH peptide B) A mutant mouse or MC4 receptors in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus does not bind to alpha-MSH peptide C) A mutant mouse or the alpha-MSH neurons do not synthesize alpha-MSH

You are a brilliant (but evil) biochemist who is developing a toxin that can be used to paralyze skeletal muscle. Using your knowledge of the sequence of cellular/molecular events that cause a muscle contraction, identify two parts of the process that could be disrupted to cause paralysis, and explain the specific effect of each disruption on contraction. please help

After strenuous exercise, you may notice that your muscles burn and feel sore the next day. Which statement best explains this phenomenon? (a) Proteins in muscle cells are being digested to provide energy. (b) Carbon dioxide is building up in muscle cells and changing their pH. (c) Spontaneous combustion occurs during strenuous exercise, so avoid it at all costs! (d) ATP is accumulating in muscle cells, causing a burning sensation. (e) Without adequate oxygen, muscle cells are fermenting pyruvate into lactic acid.

Contractile force generated by cardiac myocytes is regulated by input from the autonomic nervous system.  a) Describe the relative importance of the Parasympathetic and Sympathetic branches of the ANS.  b) Force modulation and regulation of the rate of relaxation is accomplished by phosphorylation of 4 key proteins.  Describe the steps leading to phosphorylation of these proteins.  Name each of these proteins and describe the effects their phosphorylation has on cardiac function.

4.1

Sodium is an incredibly important substance in our body. You may remember from Module 1 that sodium ions play a crucial role in conducting nerve impulses during depolarization. You may also remember from Biology 20 that sodium is involved in muscle contractions. Hyponatremia is a condition where there is too little sodium in the body. This can result in difficulty processing thoughts, nausea, decreased ability to balance, seizures and coma. On the other hand, an excessive amount of sodium or hypernatremia, in the body can also lead to many different neurological problems including seizures and coma.    Katrina has an excessive amount of sodium ions in her blood plasma. This is occurring despite the fact that she had been watching her salt intake and ensuring that she's drinking enough fluid throughout the day.    Which hormone imbalance is causing this problem for Katrina? Explain your reasoning   hormone:  ___________________ reason: ______________________

1. During muscle contraction, hydrolysis of ATP results in A) a change in the conformation of actin B) a change in the conformation of myosin C) association of myosin head to actin D) dissociation of myosin from actin E) no effect on muscle contraction