CH22

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School

Palomar College *

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108

Subject

Economics

Date

May 9, 2024

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txt

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Uploaded by MagistrateHeat26505

Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Which of the following provided the foundational knowledge for the technological advances of the twentieth century? a. University-based scientific research b. Governments in the United States, Europe, and Japan c. Large corporations d. Military researchers 2. During the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries, access to fossil fuels provided which of the following? a. Enormous wealth for the world's major powers b. A steep decline in natural gas consumption c. The foundation of the modern world economy d. Trade surpluses for oil-exporting countries 3. Which of the following provided the world's number one source of energy during the second half of the twentieth century? a. Coal b. Natural gas c. Nuclear power d. Oil 4. Containerized shipping and supertankers were the product of which of the following? a. The Green Revolution b. The transportation revolution c. The communication revolution d. Cultural globalization 5. The automobile industry in the United States was unique in the sense that it a. was the first to provide cars for the masses. b. was focused solely on the production of cars for the wealthy. c. produced many steam-power cars. d. was the last to embrace the internal combustion engine. 6. Automobiles shared which of the following with electrification? a. Both facilitated the growth of suburbs. b. Both linked remote rural areas and national life. c. Both conveyed a sense of personal empowerment. d. Both were important markers of status.

7. Which of the following ushered in the communication revolution of the nineteenth century? a. The automobile and the telephone b. The telegraph and the typewriter c. The telephone and the telegraph d. The telephone and motion pictures 8. As of 2012, 75 percent of households in developing countries had access to which of the following? a. Television b. Radio c. Internet d. Cell phone 9. Which statement is true about the debate over the Internet? a. Some question whether it facilitates or undermines personal relationships. b. Critics argue that the Internet should only be accessible by people over the age of eighteen. c. Supporters have said that cyber-warfare is only a myth because governments do not spy on each other. d. More research should be done on the possibility of limiting access to only government entities. 10. Which of the following was a civilian spin-off of military technology? a. Television b. Radio c. Telegraph d. The Internet 11. Which group of countries was the most successful in stimulating economic growth and industrialization in the late twentieth century? a. North African countries b. Middle Eastern countries c. Sub-Saharan African countries d. East Asian countries 12. Which of the following is true regarding those nations dubbed "Asian Tigers"? a. They have a strong record of economic growth due to their focus on the production of exports. b. They all built strong economies during the 1990s that are based on the

production of pharmaceuticals and chemicals. c. Combined they form one of the world's largest economies due largely to their growing production of oil. d. After the death of Mao Zedong, the economies of all these nations grew due to the relaxation of state economic controls. 13. In the face of the Great Depression, many of the world's major states favored which of the following? a. Limiting free enterprise b. Increased foreign investment c. Avoiding nationalist excesses d. Higher taxes 14. What effect did the Bretton Woods system have on globalization after World War II? a. It established rules for commercial and financial dealings among major capitalist countries. b. It placed political controls on the economic activity of countries within the communist bloc. c. It created processes that made the globalized economy subject to public accountability. d. It restricted the global movement of capital, increased tariffs, and subsidized state-run enterprises. 15. Which of the following reflects a neoliberal approach to economic development? a. Government regulation of the economy b. Promotion of global equality c. Privatization of state-run companies d. Increase in tariffs and taxes 16. Which of the following describes the effect of economic globalization on wealthy nations like the United States? a. New openings in the global economy contributed to the expansion of the middle class. b. Jobs in the low-wage service sector declined and jobs in manufacturing sharply increased. c. A shifting global division of labor resulted in the loss of many manufacturing jobs. d. Increased total world output diminished income disparities and created economic equality. 17. Which of the following has been a contentious issue between the Global North and the Global South since 1945? a. The shrinking of the middle class

b. The violations of human rights c. The demands of international feminism d. The availability of and terms for foreign aid 18. Which of the following led to the creation of the World Social Forum? a. The growing anticolonial sentiment of the early twenty-first century b. The disdain harbored by many regarding the Transpacific Partnership c. The anti-globalization sentiment harbored in some parts of the world d. A protest movement that emerged in the Global South following the creation of NAFTA 19. By the year 2000, approximately what percentage of the world's population was engaged in full-time farming? a. 20 b. 45 c. 66 d. 80 20. Which of the following resulted from the advent of the moving assembly line? a. Many jobs became more complex. b. Scientific management was no longer relevant. c. Workers lost control over the pace of their work. d. Protests for workers' rights diminished. 21. The consumerism of the 1920s was the product, in part, of which of the following? a. The two-day weekend b. The passage of minimum wage laws c. Scientific management d. Union protests 22. During the 1950s and 1960s, stable and well-paid industrial workforces were typical in which of the following countries? a. Eastern Europe b. China c. Latin America d. Japan 23. Which of the following was partially responsible for the "rusting out" of industry in the United States during the late twentieth century? a. Manufacturing decline in the Global South

b. Liberalization of global trade c. The displacement of skilled workers d. The rise of unionism 24. The outsourcing of jobs to freelancers during the late twentieth century was one consequence of which of the following? a. The trend toward growing knowledge economies b. The trend toward less stable employment in the service industries c. The trend toward a shrinking informal economy d. The trend away from a consumer-driven economy 25. Which outcome was the result of the shifting of manufacturing and some service and knowledge jobs to the Global South? a. Economic globalization in the Global North b. An emerging middle class in the Global South c. The decreased purchasing power of the middle class d. The Americanization of the Global South 26. Which of the following was a product of industrialization? a. Opportunities for work outside the home dwindled. b. Businesses provided families with financial security. c. The number of family farms increased. d. Education became the job of the state. 27. Which of the following is true regarding the impact of industrialization and urbanization on family life? a. Family life grew less stable. b. Divorce rates went into decline. c. Single-generation households became more common. d. Married couples had more children. 28. While family size has dropped in many parts of the world during the past century, in which of the following has it remained high? a. Asia b. Latin America c. The United States d. Sub-Saharan Africa 29. During the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries, which of the following instituted a one-child family policy to combat extreme population growth? a. India

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