reactions_in_our_world_report (4)

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Florida Institute of Technology *

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1101

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Chemistry

Date

Jan 9, 2024

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3

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Uploaded by CoachProtonQuetzal17

Reactions in Our World Instructions: Complete each section of this report and answer all questions in complete sentences for full credit. Review Questions 1. Write a statement to explain the basic differences between a chemical reaction and a nuclear reaction. A chemical reaction involves the rearrangement of atoms to form new substances, while a nuclear reaction involves changes in the nucleus of atoms, resulting in the formation of different isotopes or elements. 2. How might the physical characteristics of a reaction help determine the type of reaction happening? The physical characteristics of a reaction can help determine the type of reaction happening. Physical changes, such as color changes, formation of a precipitate, or the release of gas, can provide clues about the type of chemical reaction occurring. Measuring temperature changes during a reaction can help identify the release or absorption of heat energy. In nuclear reactions, monitoring changes in mass or detecting radioactivity can help identify the type of nuclear reaction occurring. Part One As you follow along with each demonstration, pay attention to changes that are happening. The unbalanced reaction is in your data table. This will help you follow along with each reactant. Pay attention to the state of each reactant: solid (s), liquid (l), gas (g), or aqueous solution (aq). Complete the table by including the following: A balanced chemical reaction The physical and chemical properties and changes you observe during the reaction The reaction type (single replacement, double replacement, synthesis, decomposition, redox, or combustion) The first one is done for you as a model. Notice you can have more than one reaction type. Chemical Reaction Balance the following reactions Observations Reaction Type Example: Iron and copper (II) sulfate 2 Fe + 3 CuSO 4 (aq) → _ Fe 2 (SO 4 ) 3 (aq) + 3 Cu(s) The gray solid changes from gray to a gold color. Single Replacement, Redox Lead (II) nitrate and potassium iodide both liquids were double Unless Otherwise Noted All Content © 2022 Florida Virtual School. FlexPoint Education Cloud™ is a trademark of Florida Virtual School.
__Pb(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) +2KI(aq) →2KNO 3 (aq) + __PbI 2 (s) clear and then as soon as the potassium iodine hit the solution it turned yellow replacement not redox Magnesium metal and hydrochloric acid __Mg(s) +2HCl(aq) →__ MgCl 2 (aq) +__ H 2 (g) once the magnesium is put into the hydrochloric acid the solution starts to bubble and little bubbles form around the metal synthesis redox Electrolysis of water 2H 2 O(l) → 2H 2 (g) +__ O 2 (g) when the battery is turned on bubbling will start to occur decomposition redox Burning magnesium 2Mg(s) +__ O 2 (g) →2 MgO(s) when the magnesium is in the middle of the fire the flame turns a bright red synthesis combustion redox Part Two Four nuclear reactions are given and the observation from the reaction. Determine the type of nuclear reaction (fission or fusion). While there is no visual lab to accompany this, all equations are listed for you. Nuclear Reaction Observations Reaction Type 01 n + 92235 U → 3689 Kr + 56144 Ba + 301 n Huge explosion fission 12 H + 13 H → 24 He + 01 n No visible reaction fusion 24 He + 37 Li→ 510 B + 01 n No visible reaction fusion 01 n + 94239 Pu→ 40103 Zr + 54134 Xe + 301 n Huge explosion fission Post-Lab Connection Questions Answer questions in complete sentences and show work. 1. Summarize the main observations you had during the chemical reaction videos. What clues helped you determine the type of reaction? Unless Otherwise Noted All Content © 2022 Florida Virtual School. FlexPoint Education Cloud™ is a trademark of Florida Virtual School.
During the chemical reaction videos, several main observations helped determine the type of reaction color change and gas evolution 2. Which of the chemical reactions are similar to fusion reactions? Which are similar to fission reactions? Explain your answers. Fusion reactions involve the combination of lighter atomic nuclei to form a heavier nucleus. Similar to fusion reactions, the chemical reaction in observation 2, where two hydrogen nuclei combine to form helium, is reminiscent of fusion. Fission reactions involve the splitting of a heavy nucleus into lighter fragments. The chemical reaction in observation 1, where uranium-235 splits into krypton-89 and barium-144, resembles a fission reaction. 3. How are nuclear reactions used differently in the world than chemical reactions? Nuclear reactions, specifically nuclear fission, are used to generate electricity in nuclear power plants. The controlled splitting of heavy atomic nuclei releases a large amount of energy, which is converted into electricity. In contrast, chemical reactions are primarily used for energy production in the form of combustion reactions, such as burning fossil fuels.Nuclear reactions are utilized to produce radioisotopes, which have numerous applications in medicine, industry, and research. These isotopes are used for diagnostic imaging, cancer treatment, sterilization, and more. Chemical reactions, on the other hand, do not typically involve the production of radioisotopes. Nuclear reactions, specifically nuclear fission and fusion, are harnessed to create destructive weapons. The tremendous energy released during these reactions is the basis for nuclear bombs. Chemical reactions, although they can produce explosions, do not reach the same magnitude of destruction as nuclear reactions. Unless Otherwise Noted All Content © 2022 Florida Virtual School. FlexPoint Education Cloud™ is a trademark of Florida Virtual School.
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