Concept explainers
(a)
To determine: A mechanism for the given reaction.
Interpretation: A mechanism for the given reaction is to be proposed.
Concept introduction: The chain growth
(b)
To determine: The first three steps in the
Interpretation: The first three steps in the
Concept introduction: The chain growth polymerization that includes a cation that provides a charge to a monomer unit is known as cationic polymerization. The monomer unit becomes reactive after the transference of a charge from this cationic species. One of the most popular Lewis acid is
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Organic Chemistry (9th Edition)
- Question 4. Methylvinyl ketone (MVK) can undergo a polymerization reaction in the presence of AIBN initiator to produce a poly(methylvinyl ketone) polymer according to the scheme below. NEC H3C CH3 `N=N₂ CH3 CEN CH3 azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) CH3 methylvinyl ketone (MVK) heat CH3 H3C NEC n poly(methylvinyl ketone) a) Provide the mechanism for heat-induced decomposition of the AIBN initiator to produce a reactive radical species. CH3 NEC H3C `N = N heat CH3 CEN CH3 10 0-0 b) Provide a mechanism for the initiation step in the MVK polymerization reaction: c) Show the mechanism for the propagation step to form an MVK oligomer with n = 3: branched sidare tass xy ha etarrow_forwardDraw a structural formula of the polymer resulting from base-catalyzed polymerization of each compound. Would you expect the polymers to be optically active? (S)-(+)-lactide is the dilactone formed from two molecules of (S)-(+)-lactic acid.arrow_forward11-15. The reaction below is an example of condensation polymerization of PET. Fill in the missing com- pound to complete the structure. - C,H,- + - CH,-0-H H- ноосс, н, соон Terephthalic acid HOC,H,OH Ethane-1,2-diol (A dicarboxylic acid) (A diol) Condensation polymerisation Ester link - C,H, + но fom Repeating unit of a polyesterarrow_forward
- Two reactions have an error. Circle the reactions that contain mistakes. Explain why. HCI ROOR polymerization t NBS hv Br HBr NMO NaOEt OET ملاarrow_forwardCationic polymerization of alkenes is initiated by H* to form carbocations. An unstable alkane yields a very exothermic reaction during its hydrogenation. O Both statements are true. O Both statements are false. O Only the first statement is true. O Only the second statement is true. Which of the following is the major product from the given reaction below? O O HO HO. HO OH OH H₂O H₂SO4arrow_forward4. The following reaction scheme shows the radical polymerization of styrene to make polystyrene. a) Add electron-pushing arrows to show the mechanisms of steps 1-3. Determine if these are initiation, propagation, or termination steps. b) Radical polymerization is often performed in the absence of O2 because the oxygen radical can couple with the polymer radical to terminate polymerization. Propose electron-pushing arrows for step 4 and predict the product of that step. 1 hv 3 BzO Bzof *0-0° step 3 keeps happening until a termination step 4 OCcurs 2.arrow_forward
- 2. Given the initiators shown below, what type of radical polymerization will be the target process for each species? CH3 S iPr CH3 NC. C-O-0-H H3C N' iPr CH3 Ме tBu A Carrow_forward3. Which of the following could be polymerized by cationic or anionic chain polymerization(or both or neither)? CN Ph он co,CH, Doarrow_forward4. The following reaction scheme shows the radical polymerization of styrene to make polystyrene. a) Add electron-pushing arrows to show the mechanisms of steps 1-3. Determine if these are initiation, propagation, or termination steps. b) Radical polymerization is often performed in the absence of O2 because the oxygen radical can couple with the polymer radical to terminate polymerization. Propose electron-pushing arrows for step 4 and predict the product of that step.arrow_forward
- Both monomers needed for the synthesis of Nylon 6,6 can be prepared from 1,4- dichlorobutane. How would you prepare the two monomers from 1,4-dichlobutane? Don't forget to show the product from each step of the synthesis. ????? ????? H₂N HO NH₂ eyou OHarrow_forwardFour sets of monomers are shown below. Which set A through D will lead to a polymer that is noticeably different from the others with respect to branching? Click on a letter A through D to answer. он H,N, но но `NH2 A он но но он OH OH он но ноarrow_forwardWhat polymer is formed in each of the following reactions? Draw each polymer in polymer notation.n →> Catalyst Part B CH₂ Catalyst n CH H* 12D EXP. CONT. Marvin JS by ChemAxon A # H с N S CI Br - PFarrow_forward
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage Learning