Life: The Science of Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319010164
Author: David E. Sadava, David M. Hillis, H. Craig Heller, Sally D. Hacker
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Question
Chapter 39.4, Problem 1R
Summary Introduction
To review:
The reason behind constant temperature of an ectotherm, when exposed to the environmental variations, as compared to the laboratory.
Introduction:
Ectotherms are those animals, which are not able to regulate their body temperature. Their temperature remains same as that of the external environment. For example, if temperature of the pond is 6 degrees Celsius (°C), then the body temperature of a fish would also remains the same.
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Match the following examples with the type of biological rhythm it represents
1. daily body temperature fluxuation
entrainment
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If daytime body temperature of some ectotherms were measured, the values would be fairly constant. Provide an explanation for such observations, giving some possible mechanisms that might be involved
In mammals, body temperature is controlled by a structure in the brain called the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus is able to sense even slight variations in body temperature. This structure is responsible for bodily responses that include thirst, the activation of sweat glands, and the dilation of blood vessels near the skin. Each of these mechanisms works to restore body temperature to a normal range.
Chapter 39 Solutions
Life: The Science of Biology
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- Which of the following statements best summarizes the difference between ectothermic and endothermic organisms? Group of answer choices Ectotherms absorb external heat, but endotherms use metabolic heat to maintain a warm, steady body temperature Ectotherms are warm-blooded, but endotherms are cold-blooded Endotherms control their temperature, but ectotherms have no control over their temperature Endotherms are warm-blooded, but ectotherms are cold-bloodedarrow_forwardWhich of the following is a correct statement about endothermic organisms? A. Compared to ectotherms, since they cannot have their internal body temperature leave the thermoneutral zone, they are limited with regard to the types of environments they can live in. B. Endotherms do not typically use passive mechanisms for thermoregulation, such as insulation, because they utilize metabolic energy to control body temperature. C. The trait of endothermicity is a derived characteristic in mammalian animals and is not seen in other phylogenetic branches in the Metazoan Clade. D. All endotherms possess sweat glands, which allow them to conduct evaporative cooling to lower their body temperature when needed. E. None of the abovearrow_forwardWhat is the trade-off of ectotherms with regard to maintaining an internal environment that doesn’t vary much? Ectotherms are larger than endotherms because they need to have a larger surface area to volume ratio in order to either increase or lower their temperature. Ectotherms usually have fur in order to conserve heat when they live in very cold environments. Ectotherms are smaller than endotherms because they need more surface area to dissipate heat relative to their insides. Ectotherms can survive in a wider variety of habitats because they are smaller and can behaviorally adapt to a wide variety of temperatures.arrow_forward
- Imagine you are sick and you have fever. Sensors on the skin and brain detect this and communicate with the temperature regulatory center in the brain which then sends out a command to the sweat glands of your body as a result of which you start sweating and in about 15 mins your body temperature comes back to normal for the time being. This this feedback loop, identify the following: sensors control center effector stimulus responsearrow_forwardIn preparation for serious competitions, athletes train in high altitude conditions (about 2-3 km above sea level) for a month or more. During warm-ups, even in the warm season, athletes wear insulated suits (warm muscles). Extremely rarely are “violators” who additionally use a pharmacological preparation containing a hormone to enhance the physiological effect of training in the mountains. Questions: 1. What do training in highlands give? 2. Why do you need to warm up your muscles? 3. What hormone are we talking about, and what is its physiological significance? 4. What blood indicator can change with prolonged exposure to high mountains with a negative value for the body?arrow_forwardDiscuss the causes, signs and symptoms and treatments of three major homeostatic imbalances under each of the following systems;. a) integumentary system b) cardiovascular systemarrow_forward
- Describe the steps in the homeostatic feedback system activated to ensure normal body temperature is maintained when exposed to a hot external temperature (e.g., 42 degrees Celsius). Give typing answer with explanation and conclusionarrow_forwardWhat specific evidences can be used to support the statement that “The importance of the effect of temperature on physiological function is revealed by adaptations to maintain function at different temperatures”.arrow_forwardWhy is it essential for organisms to maintain a relatively constant body temperature? Describe adaptations that help the organisms cope with changes in environmental temperature.arrow_forward
- Why does the body temperature need to be maintained within narrow limits?arrow_forwardIn terms of body temperature regulation, contrast “cold-blooded” (Ectothermic or poikilothermic) and “warm-blooded” (Endothermic or homeothermic). Identify three animals that are ectothermic and three animals that are endothermic. What is the adaptive advantage of endothermy?arrow_forwardIn the negative feedback system for regulation of body temperature. Identify the following. 1. Stimulus 2. Receptor 3. Control Center 4. Effector 5. Responsearrow_forward
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