Concept explainers
(a)
Number of excess thyroid cancers induced by explosions.
(a)
Answer to Problem 55E
The number of excess thyroid cancers induced by explosions was
Explanation of Solution
Nuclear explosions in atmosphere caused average thyroid dose of
Write the expression of collective dose
Here,
Since 63 cancers are induced per
Conclusion:
Substitute
Substitute
Thus, the number of excess thyroid cancers induced by explosions was
(b)
Fractional increase in present rate of thyroid cancers.
(b)
Answer to Problem 55E
The fractional increase in present rate of thyroid cancers is
Explanation of Solution
Write the expression of number of thyroid cancers in 45 years due to present rate
Here,
Write the expression of fractional increase in present rate
Here,
Conclusion:
Substitute
Substitute
Thus, the fractional increase in present rate of thyroid cancers is
(c)
Chance that an infant develops thyroid cancer.
(c)
Answer to Problem 55E
The chance that an infant develops thyroid cancer is
Explanation of Solution
Thyroid doses received by infants are of
Since 63 cancers are induced per
Here,
Conclusion:
Since risk for infants is same as for whole populations therefore the value of
Substitute
Thus, an infant has chance
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Chapter 31 Solutions
General Physics, 2nd Edition
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- Suppose you are working as a reactor operator in the world’s largest nuclear power station at Kashiwazaki-Kariwa Nuclear Power Plant, Japan. The first unit in this station began to operate in 1985. Suppose the rate at which the nuclear power plant produces radioactive waste is proportional to the number of years it has been operating such that 500 pounds of waste is produced every year. Also, suppose that the waste decays exponentially at a rate of 5% per year. At the beginning of 2011, The Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster caused sever damages in the units which released the radiation waste to the atmosphere. Therefore, all the units were closed in 2011 for safety inspection. This left japan completely without nuclear-produced electrical power. Finally, the unit began to operate at the beginning of 2019. As a reactor operator, you are asked to do the following: a. Model the generation of the Kashiwazaki-Kariwa Nuclear Power Plant radioactive waste as a function of time. b.…arrow_forwardif a normal dose CT scan delivers 700 mrem of radiation, how many CT scans would a patient have to have to feel mild radiation sickness (50 rem)?arrow_forwardA cancerous tumour is exposed to an a-emitter with an RBE of 16. What absorbed dose, in Gy, is needed to give the tumour an effective dose of 64 Sv? Report your final answer rounded to two significant digits. Your Answer: Answer unitsarrow_forward
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