University Physics Volume 2
18th Edition
ISBN: 9781938168161
Author: OpenStax
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 3, Problem 50P
The state of 30 moles of steam in a cylinder is changed in a cyclic manner from a-b-c-a, where the pressure and volume of the states are: a (30 atm, 20 L), b (50 atm, 20 L), and c (50 atm, 45 L). Assume each change takes place along the line connecting the initial and final states in the pV plane. (a) Display the cycle in the pV plane. (b) Find the net work done by the steam in one cycle. (c) Find the net amount of heat flow in the steam over the course of one cycle.
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A closed thermodynamic cycle described by an ellipse is shown on the PV diagram on the right. The maximum pressure of the system is 8.0 x 105 Pa, and the minimum pressure of the system is 4.0 x 10^5 Pa. The maximum volume of the system is 4.0 x 10^-3 m^3 and the minimum volume of the system is 2.0 x 10^-3 m^3 .
a) Calculate the magnitude of the total work done by the system in one full cycle.
b) Does this thermodynamic cycle describe what happens in an ENGINE or a REFRIDGERATOR/HEAT-PUMP?
A certain gasoline engine is modeled as a monatomic ideal gas undergoing an Otto cycle, represented by the p-V diagram shown in the figure. The initial pressure, volume, and temperature are p1 = 0.95 × 105 Pa, V1 = 0.045 m3, and T1 = 295 K, respectively.A) The first step in the Otto cycle is adiabatic compression. Enter an expression for the work performed on the gas during the first step, in terms of V1, V2, and p1
B) Calculate the work performed on the gas during the first step, in joules, for V2=V1/9.7
C) The second step in the otto cycle is isochoric heating, calculate the heat absorbed by the gas during this process, in joules, if the temperature is increased so that T3=1.4*T2 (T2=1341.74K)
D) Calculate the pressure at the end of the isochoric heating step, in pascals, to three significant figures
E) The thid step in the otto cycle is adibiatic expansion, which brings the volume back to its initial value, calculate the work performed on the gas, in joules, during the third step.…
Consider the processes shown below for a monatomic ideal gas.
Find the work done in each of the processes AB, BC, AD, and DC.
Hint for (a)
WAB=WAB=CorrectJJWBC=WBC=CorrectJJWAD=WAD=IncorrectJJWDC=WDC=CorrectJJ
Find the change in the internal energy in processes AB and BC.
Hint for (b)
ΔEAB=ΔEAB=CorrectJJΔEBC=ΔEBC=CorrectJJ
Find the total heat added in ABC and ADC processes.
Hint for (c)
QABC=QABC=CorrectJJQADC=QADC=CorrectJ
Chapter 3 Solutions
University Physics Volume 2
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