An Introduction to Thermal Physics
1st Edition
ISBN: 9780201380279
Author: Daniel V. Schroeder
Publisher: Addison Wesley
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 1.3, Problem 24P
Calculate the total thermal energy in a gram of lead at room temperature, assuming that none of the degrees of freedom are “frozen out” (this happens to be a good assumption in this case).
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
A triatomic molecule can have a linear configuration, as does CO, (Figure a), or it can be nonlinear, like H,O (Figure b). Suppose the temperature of a gas of
triatomic molecules is sufficiently low that vibrational motion is negligible.
C
H
H
(a) What is the molar specific heat at constant volume, expressed as a multiple of the universal gas constant (R) if the molecules are linear?
Eint/nT = 2.5R
(b) What is the molar specific heat at constant volume, expressed as a multiple of the universal gas constant (R) if the molecules are nonlinear?
Eint/nT = 3R
1
At high temperatures, a triatomic molecule has two modes of vibration, and each contributes R to the molar specific heat for its kinetic energy and another R
2
for its potential energy.
(c) Identify the high-temperature molar specific heat at constant volume for a triatomic ideal gas of the linear molecules. (Use the following as necessary:
R.)
Eint/nT =
(d) Identify the high-temperature molar specific heat at constant volume for a…
A 0.825 mol sample of NO, (g) initially at 298 K and
Molar heat capacity at constant
volume (Cy,m)
R
Туре of gas
1.00 atm is held at constant volume while enough heat is
applied to raise the temperature of the gas by 10.3 K.
atoms
Assuming ideal gas behavior, calculate the amount of heat
linear molecules
(q) in joules required to affect this temperature change and
nonlinear molecules
3R
the total change in internal energy, AU. Note that some
where R is the ideal gas constant
books use AE as the symbol for internal energy instead
of AU.
q =
J
AU =
J
A sample of 2.37 moles of an ideal diatomic gas experiences a temperature increase of 65.2
K at constant volume. Find the increase in internal energy if translational, rotational,
and vibrational motions are possible.
Chapter 1 Solutions
An Introduction to Thermal Physics
Ch. 1.1 - Prob. 1PCh. 1.1 - The Rankine temperature scale (abbreviatedR) uses...Ch. 1.1 - Prob. 3PCh. 1.1 - Does it ever make sense to say that one object is...Ch. 1.1 - Prob. 5PCh. 1.1 - Give an example to illustrate why you cannot...Ch. 1.1 - Prob. 7PCh. 1.1 - For a solid, we also define the linear thermal...Ch. 1.2 - What is the volume of one mole of air, at room...Ch. 1.2 - Energy in Thermal Physics Estimate the number of...
Ch. 1.2 - Rooms A and B are the same size, and are connected...Ch. 1.2 - Calculate the average volume per molecule for an...Ch. 1.2 - A mole is approximately the number of protons in a...Ch. 1.2 - Calculate the mass of a mole of dry air, which is...Ch. 1.2 - Estimate the average temperature of the air inside...Ch. 1.2 - Prob. 16PCh. 1.2 - Prob. 17PCh. 1.2 - Prob. 18PCh. 1.2 - Suppose you have a gas containing hydrogen...Ch. 1.2 - Prob. 20PCh. 1.2 - During a hailstorm, hailstones with an average...Ch. 1.2 - Prob. 22PCh. 1.3 - Calculate the total thermal energy in a liter of...Ch. 1.3 - Calculate the total thermal energy in a gram of...Ch. 1.3 - List all the degrees of freedom, or as many as you...Ch. 1.4 - A battery is connected in series to a resistor,...Ch. 1.4 - Give an example of a process in which no heat is...Ch. 1.4 - Estimate how long it should take to bring a cup of...Ch. 1.4 - A cup containing 200 g of water is sitting on your...Ch. 1.4 - Put a few spoonfuls of water into a bottle with a...Ch. 1.5 - Imagine some helium in cylinder with an initial...Ch. 1.5 - Prob. 32PCh. 1.5 - An ideal gas is made to undergo the cyclic process...Ch. 1.5 - An ideal diatomic gas, in a cylinder with a...Ch. 1.5 - Prob. 35PCh. 1.5 - In the course of pumping up a bicycle tire, a...Ch. 1.5 - Prob. 37PCh. 1.5 - Two identical bubbles of gas form at the bottom of...Ch. 1.5 - By applying Newtons laws to the oscillations of a...Ch. 1.5 - In problem 1.16 you calculated the pressure of...Ch. 1.6 - To measure the heat capacity of an object, all you...Ch. 1.6 - The specific heat capacity of Albertsons Rotini...Ch. 1.6 - Calculate the heat capacity of liquid water per...Ch. 1.6 - Prob. 44PCh. 1.6 - Prob. 45PCh. 1.6 - Measured heat capacities of solids and liquids are...Ch. 1.6 - Your 200-g cup of tea is boiling-hot. About how...Ch. 1.6 - When spring finally arrives in the mountains, the...Ch. 1.6 - Prob. 49PCh. 1.6 - Consider the combustion of one mole of methane...Ch. 1.6 - Use the data at the back of this book to determine...Ch. 1.6 - The enthalpy of combustion of a gallon (3.8...Ch. 1.6 - Look up the enthalpy of formation of atomic...Ch. 1.6 - Prob. 54PCh. 1.6 - Heat capacities are normally positive, but there...Ch. 1.7 - Calculate the rate of heat conduction through a...Ch. 1.7 - Home owners and builders discuss thermal...Ch. 1.7 - According to a standard reference table, the R...Ch. 1.7 - Make a rough estimate of the total rate or...Ch. 1.7 - A frying pan is quickly heated on the stovetop to...Ch. 1.7 - Geologists measure conductive heat flow out of the...Ch. 1.7 - Consider a uniform rod of material whose...Ch. 1.7 - Prob. 63PCh. 1.7 - Make a rough estimate of the thermal conductivity...Ch. 1.7 - Prob. 65PCh. 1.7 - In analogy with the thermal conductivity, derive...Ch. 1.7 - Make a rough estimate of how far food coloring (or...Ch. 1.7 - Prob. 68PCh. 1.7 - Imagine a narrow pipe, filled with fluid, in which...Ch. 1.7 - Prob. 70P
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
Find more solutions based on key concepts
Consider two sinusoidal waves traveling along a string, modeled as y1(x,t)=0.3msin(4m1x+3s1t) and y2(x,t)=0.6ms...
University Physics Volume 1
A glass coffee pot has a circular bottom with a 9.00-cm diameter in contact with a heating element that keeps t...
College Physics
16. A 200 g mass attached to a horizontal spring oscillates at a frequency of 2.0 Hz. At , the mass is at and ...
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics (4th Edition)
The force, when you push against a wall with your fingers, they bend.
Conceptual Physics (12th Edition)
13. A supply plane needs to drop a package of food to scientists working on a glacier in Greenland. The plane f...
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach, Vol. 1 (Chs 1-21) (4th Edition)
5. Which of the following is a reasonable mass for an adult person: (a) 105 g, (b) 108 g, or (c) 1010 g?
College Physics (10th Edition)
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Interstellar space is quite different from the gaseous environments we commonly encounter on Earth. For instance, a typical density of the medium is about 1 atom cm−3 and that atom is typically H; the effective temperature due to stellar background radiation is about 10 kK. Estimate the diffusion coefficient and thermal conductivity of H under these conditions. Compare your answers with the values for gases under typical terrestrial conditions. Comment: Energy is in fact transferred much more effectively by radiation.arrow_forwardP13E.8 Although expressions like (ɛ) = -dlng/dß are useful for formal manipulations in statistical thermodynamics, and for expressing thermodynamic functions in neat formulas, they are sometimes more trouble than they are worth in practical applications. When presented with a table of energy levels, it is often much more convenient to evaluate the following sums directly (the dots simply identify the different functions): g=Le -Bej Be e - Bejarrow_forwardProblem 1: Solve the one-dimensional heat equation ut = Upx for the completely insu- lated metal wire of unit length with the initial temperature given by u(x,0) = 6 sin?(7x) cos (Tx). (Tx) cos² (Tx). Find the equilibrium temperature inside the wire åfter long time.arrow_forward
- The vapour pressure of water can be given by: , being p the vapour pressure in mmHg and T in K. Assuming the normal boiling temperature of water is 100 ºC, calculate the value of A. Vacuum has been created in a 10 L vessel, and 10 g water have been introduced. We will assume that vapour is an ideal gas, and the density of liquid water is 1 g/cm3 at any temperature. Calculate the mass of water in liquid phase at 50 ºC: a) Assuming the volume of the liquid is very small and therefore we can ignore it; b) considering the volume occupied by the liquid water. Results:. A = 8.564; a) 9.105 g ; b) almost the same!arrow_forwardA triatomic molecule can have a linear configuration, as does CO2 (as shown), or it can be nonlinear, like H2O (as shown). Suppose the temperature of a gas of triatomic molecules is sufficiently low that vibrational motion is negligible. What is the molar specific heat at constant volume, expressed as a multiple of the universal gas constant, (a) if the molecules are linear and (b) if the molecules are nonlinear? At high temperatures, a triatomic molecule has two modes of vibration, and each contributes 1/2 R to the molar specific heat for its kinetic energy and another 1/2 R for its potential energy. Identify the high-temperature molarspecific heat at constant volume for a triatomic ideal gas of (c) linear molecules and (d) nonlinear molecules. (e) Explain how specific heat data can be used to determine whether a triatomic molecule is linear or nonlinear. Are the data as shown sufficient to make this determination?arrow_forwardA computer in a well-sealed and well-insulated (thermally) room, dissipates energy at a rate of 500W. The room has 10 mw kg of drinking water, and 50 ma kg of air, with all material at 300K and 100kPa initially. Assuming all the mass (water and air) heats up uniformly, how long will it take to increase the temperature 5 dT °C?.arrow_forward
- A sample of 2.37 moles of an ideal diatomic gas experiences a temperature increase of 65.2 K at constant volume. Find the increase in internal energy if only translational and rotational motions are possible.arrow_forwardDetermine the heat capacity at constant pressure (in Joule per kelvin per mole) for an ideal monoatomic. NOTE: Express answer in THREE SIGNIFICANT FIGURES.arrow_forward(3) Show that the volume dependence of internal energy is written as Cp - C αν au (OV) . -P.arrow_forward
- Q When 3.0 mol O, is heated at a constant pressure of 3.25 atm, its temperature increases from 260 K to 285 K. Given that the molar heat capacity of O, (g) at constant pressure is 29.4 J K' mol' calculate q, AH, and AU. The relationship between C, and Cv In the isochoric case no work is done, so the heat fully converts into the internal energy U and the temperature increases. In the isobaric case, thearrow_forwardFind the temperature u(x,t) from the heat equation in a laterally insulated copper bar 80 cm long with c**2=1.158 cm**2/sec. If the initial temperature is represented by the below graph and the ends are kept at 0C.arrow_forwardWhy is metal a better conductor of heat than non-metals? In metals, apart from transferring heat energy by the relatively slow process of molecular collision, another faster process of free electron diffusion takes place. Metals contain free electrons that are mobile. When heated, these free electrons gains KE and will diffuse to the cooler end at high speeds. In the process, they will collide with atoms at the cooler end and transfer kinetic energy to them.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Classical Dynamics of Particles and SystemsPhysicsISBN:9780534408961Author:Stephen T. Thornton, Jerry B. MarionPublisher:Cengage Learning
Classical Dynamics of Particles and Systems
Physics
ISBN:9780534408961
Author:Stephen T. Thornton, Jerry B. Marion
Publisher:Cengage Learning
The Laws of Thermodynamics, Entropy, and Gibbs Free Energy; Author: Professor Dave Explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8N1BxHgsoOw;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY