Q: The influenza virus produces a protein that degrades interferon. How does this increase its…
A: Some viruses like influenza virus escape the anti-viral activities of interferons by gene (and thus…
Q: How might IRA B cells prevent bacterial sepsis?
A: Innate response activator B cells are a subset of B-1a derived B cells that produce the growth…
Q: Why is it essential to classify inflammation based on the predominant exudate and duration?
A: Inflammation is a type of immune response that prevents the body from infection by microbial agents.…
Q: What is the expected result if a compromised person is exposed to a true pathogen?
A: The term 'immuno-compromised' refers to the condition of an individual whose immune defenses are…
Q: How does the inflammatory response help the body resist disease? What symptoms does it cause?
A: Inflammation is the response of the body against the infection or injury or irritation. It helps the…
Q: why is MALT considered strategically placed?
A: MALT stands for Mucosa Associated Lymphoid Tissue. The solitary lymph nodules and aggregated…
Q: What is the defective immune response characteristic of AIDS?
A: Introduction Viral infections are very harmful for mankind. In the post century where we faced the…
Q: All of the following are signs of inflammation except
A: Inflammation is a defense mechanism used by your body's white blood cells and the substances they…
Q: What is the action of Anatomical barriers Inflammation Interferon (type I)?
A: The body system comprising of various organs, tissues, cells, and chemicals that function to protect…
Q: What phagocytic cell types are involved in the acute inflammatory response? What is the role of…
A: The fundamental phagocytes engaged with acute inflammation are the neutrophils, a kind of white…
Q: How would damage to the ciliated cells of the respiratory tract predispose a person to infection?
A: The trachea and bronchi contains ciliated epithelial layer. The mucus is secreted by the goblet…
Q: How Virulence Factors Contribute to Tissue Damage?
A: Virulence factors refer to the molecules generated by pathogens such as viruses, fungi, protozoa,…
Q: Which of these innate defenses would be most inhibited by antibiotic use?
A: Innate immunity is non-specific immunity. It is present since birth. Memory is absent in innate…
Q: What is meant by complement fixation? What are cytolysins?
A: Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins are Y-shaped globular proteins secreted by the plasma…
Q: How can a health care worker prevent possible infection?
A: As a medical services laborer, you might be presented to wellsprings of contamination. These might…
Q: which type of immunity reacts to tuberculosis, cell mediated or humoral? why?
A: The immune response can be of two types - humoral (antibody-mediated) and cellular (cell-mediated).…
Q: What is Cytotoxic Hypersensitivity?
A: The immune system composed of cells, tissues, proteins, and organs. Its main function is to protect…
Q: How does Mycobacterium ulcerans evade the immune system?
A: Introduction:- Mycobacterium TB complex, which causes tuberculosis, Mycobacterium leprae and…
Q: Which antimicrobial protein triggers inflammation? Which antimicrobial protein triggers…
A: An antimicrobial protein is an agent that kills microorganisms or stops their growth.Inflammation is…
Q: What are some factors that trigger the complement cascade?
A: The complement cascade is a system of proteins that accounts for intensifying the antibody’s ability…
Q: Inflammation takes part in different diseases. Give a diagram or picture or figure of that
A: Inflammation plays a vital in healing, but chronic inflammation may increase the risk of various…
Q: Which of the following proteins downregulates the classical complement cascade by breaking up the C3…
A: The classical complement (CMP) pathway is considered as the method, which helps in the activation of…
Q: How does a phagocyte “know” it is in contact with a pathogen instead of another body cell?
A: Phagocytes are particularly the eating cells which circulate throughout the body and looks for…
Q: Microbial recognition and tissue damage initiate an inflammatory response. True/False
A: The body is protected from the invasion of foreign antigen by several layers of immune defense…
Q: Explain the path of a monocyte from the blood to the tissue during inflammation
A:
Q: Describe Two Features of phagocytes that are essential in their response to microbial invasion.
A: Introduction Innate immunity is a natural genotype-based system of defense elements with which an…
Q: What is the pathogenesis of ALL?
A: ALL is the type of leukemia and its full form is acute lymphoblastic leukemia. It is the most common…
Q: Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria is a disease characterized by lysis of red blood cells, which…
A: Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. It is a rare disease that is caused by a mutation in bone…
Q: What is the function of the inflammatory response?
A: Response evoked by the injury is termed inflammation. The inflammatory response is a defense…
Q: What is the systemic inflammatory response syndrome?
A: Introduction: A complex interplay between the humoral and cellular immune response, cytokines, and…
Q: What is hematosis? Inhumans where doeshematosis occur?
A: Hematosis means oxygenation of venous blood. It should not be confused with haemostasis, which…
Q: What is the Factors That Alter the Resistance to Infection?
A: The factors that alter the resistance to infection depend on the immune system of the body. The…
Q: Why is complement low in lupus
A: Lupus also known as Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a long-term, incurable autoimmune disease…
Q: Which of the following substances is not produced by phagocytes todestroy engulfed microorganisms?a.…
A: Immunity can be defined as the ability of the organism to resist against infections or diseases by…
Q: Why does an AIDS patient suffer from many infections?
A: AIDS is called as the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. It is a global health problem. It is a…
Q: Is Catalase is a virulence factor?
A: Catalase is a compound which is present in the liver that separates harmful hydrogen peroxide into…
Q: How does a latent infection differ from a chronic infection?
A: When a microorganism invades and multiplies inside the body of its host, then it is termed an…
Q: Why is the evasion of phagocytosis a type of virulence factor?
A: Virulence factors are substances that aid germs in invading the host at the cellular level. These…
Q: How can the anamnestic response be explained in immunologic terms?
A: The immune system of the human body is divided into innate immunity and the adaptive immunity.…
Q: Why is the development of recurrent or unusual infections the clinical hallmark of immunodeficiency?
A: Introduction :- The immune system's components, such as lymphocytes, phagocytes, and the complement…
Q: In what ways is a phagocyte a tiny container of disinfectants?
A: Phagocytes are the cells which protects the body by the process of ingesting the harmful foreign…
Q: Identify the mechanism used by phagocytes to inducepathogen killing.
A: Immune system protects the body against infection. It is a complex network of cells and proteins.…
Q: What is the difference between phagocytes and leukocytes and explain their types?
A: The immune system of the body protects the individual from the attack of external pathogens. The…
Q: Describe the basic steps in acute inflammation.
A: Introduction Damage to body tissues results in inflammation, which can be brought on by a variety of…
Q: what are pathogen?
A: The microorganisms on the earth exist in different forms, shapes, sizes, and in a diverse range of…
Q: What major events occur during an inflammatory reaction, and how do they contribute to pathogen…
A: The inflammatory response, or inflammation, is initiated by a cascade of chemical mediators and…
Why is the evasion of phagocytosis a type of virulence factor?
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps
- The circulating cytokines that recruit large numbers of phagocytes to the area of inflammation, resulting in pus, are called: O1) pyogens O 2) pyrogens 3) interferons O 4) defensinsDescribe several reasons why phagocytes are not alwayseffective at removing pathogens from the bodyThe influenza virus produces a protein that degrades interferon. How does this increase its virulence?
- Which virulence factor description among A-E is false? view Later A) O Adhesins: fimbriae or pili are examples of this B) O Invasins: virulence factor of intracellular pathogens C) O Kinases: breaks apart a blood clot; streptokinase is an example. D) O Hyaluronidases: dissolves connections between cells of a tissue E) O Coagulases: found in certain Staphylococcus pathogens; induces clot formation in the body F) O None of A-E is false; all are true 12 Review Later O Type here to search 13 * 12 * esc 立By what means does a phagocyte destroy a bacterium that it has ingested?Identify the mechanism used by phagocytes to inducepathogen killing.