The polymerization of vinyl chloride (1.6X10°M) is carried out using hydrogen Peroxide (0.4x10- M), the initial rate and Dp as 1x104 mol/L.S, and 300 respectively, Calculate the rate of propagation, and chain length of polymer, if K = 4.0x10°mol/L.S, f=1.
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- An elementary reaction is generally expressed as: dC, = -kC," dt where A is the species being depleted as the reaction progresses, k is the rate constant, and n is the order of reaction, usually referred to as the stoichiometric coefficient of the resulting product. For a polymerization reaction A> 3B, find the initial amount if after 30 seconds, A species is reduced to 5 moles/L within 3 minutes. Take the rate constant as 0.314 L'/(moP-min).An elementary reaction is generally expressed as: dC :-kC," dt where A is the species being depleted as the reaction progresses, k is the rate constant, and n is the order of reaction, usually referred to as the stoichiometric coefficient of the resulting product. For a polymerization reaction A> 3B, find the initial amount if after 30 seconds, A species is reduced to 5 moles/L within 3 minutes. Take the rate constant as 0.314 L?/(molľ²-min).Living chain polymerization of monomer X follows the first-order kinetics. The corresponding propagation rate constant (kp) was determined by gas chromatography (GC), with the following monomer concentrations measured at different polymerization times, assuming instant initiation: Polymerization time (min) 0 2 5 10 15 [X]t (M) 1.80 1.52 1.27 0.95 0.74 0.50 0.25 20 30 Plot the dependence of -In([X]/[X]) on time using software specialized for graphs (e.g., Origin, SigmaPlot, not MS Excell!) and perform the linear data fitting. Export the graph in TIFF format and paste it below as an image. Make sure the graph is graphically appealing! b) From this fitting, calculate the kp of polymerization, assuming the living character of polymerization and an initial initiator concentration (an thus the constant concentration of growing centers) of 0.09 M c) What is the theoretical degree of polymerization (DP) of the prepared polymer? We assume full monomer conversion, complete initiation, absence of…
- 2. The anionic polymerization of styrene was performed using a 1.38 mol/L solution of styrene in cyclohexane at 40 °C. The polymerization was initiated by 100x10-5 mol/L of butyl lithium and a kinetic order dependence on initiator of 0.5 was observed with an apparent rate constant of 2.4x10-2 observed. The polymerization was run from t = 0 to t= 8000 and a data point collected every t = 200 intervals. Plot [M] vs. time for this reaction.Why a particular polymerization reaction shows an exponential increase in reaction rate? Explain that polymerization reaction mechanism with suitable examples.The acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of sucrose, C12H22O11 + H₂O + H+ -> C6H12O6 + C6H12O6 + H+ is known as "inversion of sucrose" because the angle, a, by which the solution rotates polarized light changes from positive to negative as the reaction proceeds (data from 30 degree C): t/hr a 0 78 2 71 4 12 18 24 42 65.10 44.60 32.40 22.45 2.30 48 -1.96 61 -9 86 95 -15.80 -17.25 -21.15 ∞ Use this data to show that the reaction is first order and determine its rate coefficient (at 30 degree C).
- Rate law experiments don’t always give data in the form of a rate in molesper second. Some of them give an amount of time necessary for areaction to proceed to a given point. The faster the rate, the less timenecessary. For the following data, assume that the time recorded for eachexperiment is the time required to consume 0.10 M of A in a hypotheticalreaction A + B yields C Time taken (s) [A]0 [B]0 36.8 0.20 0.40 25.0 0.20 0.60 10.0 0.50 0.60 Determine the rate law and the rate constant for the reactionStatic fatigue depends on a chemical reaction and, as a result, is another example of Arrhenius behavior. Specifically, at a given load, the inverse of time to fracture has been shown to increase exponentially with temperature. The activation energy associated with chemical reaction is 78.6 kJ>mol. If the time to fracture for a soda–lime–silica glass is 1 second at +50°C at a given load, what is the time in hours to fracture at -50°C at the same load?An unknown inorganic phosphate undergoes first-order dehydration in a drying oven. Initially, the excess water content is measured to be 2.20 mg. After 2.30 days the water content is reduced to 1.24 mg. After 4.30 days, water content is only 0.751 mg. Determine the half-life of hydration under these conditions. Give the answer to 3 significant figures
- 3. Calculate the average polymer length in a polymer produced by a chain mechanism in which termination occurs by a disproportionation reaction of the form M. + M. → M+ M:Calculate the velocity of the reaction (M · s–1) of an α-amino group in a blood protein at 37°C if its concentration is 0.60 mM and the partial pressure of carbon dioxide is 40 torr. Use 2 significant figures and scientific notation (example: 1000 would be entered as 1.0e+3). The rate constant k for this reaction is 4950 M–1·s–1.1) The condensation reaction between a hydroxyl group and a carboxylic group is found to follow the following rate law: -d[COOH]/dt = -d[OH]/kt = K[COOH][OH] where K has the value of 10-2 L/mol sec. What is the conversion of carboxylic acid and number-average molecular weight of the polymers formed after 60 hours of reaction in the following systems. a) 1 mole of butoxyl acid HO(CH2)4COOH. Add solvent to make 10 liters. b) 0.47 mole of terephthalic acid HOOC-(C6H4)-COOH and 0.5 mole of ethylene glycol HO-CH2CH2-OH. Add solvent to make 10 liters. 1) The condensation reaction between a hydroxyl group and a carboxylic group is found to follow the following rate law: -d[COOHJ/dt = -d[OH]/kt = K[COOH][OH] where K has the value of 102 L/mol sec. What is the conversion of carboxylic acid and number-average molecular weight of the polymers formed after 60 hours of reaction in the following systems. a) 1 mole of butoxyl acid HO(CH2)ĄCOOH. Add solvent to make 10 liters. b) 0.47 mole of…