In the figure below a router is transferring packets, each of length L = 5 000 bits over a link with a transmission Rate R= 1 Mbps to another router at the other end of the link. The speed prorogation of the light signal on the link is 3x108 m/s. The length of the link is 1 Km. L: packet length (in bits) R: link transmission rates (Mbps) Queue of packets waiting for output link 1-Calculate the total transmission delay. 2- How many packets can be transmitted in one second.
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- A packet switch receives a packet and determines the outbound link to which the packet should be forwarded. When the packet arrives, one other packet is halfway done being transmitted on this outbound link and four other packets are waiting to be transmitted. Packets are transmitted in order of arrival. Suppose all packets are 1,200 bytes and the link rate is 2 Mbps. What is the queuing delay for the packet? More generally, what is the queuing delay when all packets have length L, the transmission rate is R, x bits of the currently-being-transmitted packet have been transmitted, and n packets are already in the queue?Data Communication Suppose that Router A and Router B are connected via a 0.05 Mbps link (note, 1 Mbps = 106 bps) and that the link connecting the two routers has a length of 80 meters. Suppose that Router A is in the process oftransmitting a packet, and that there are 15 additional packets in the queue of the router, when a new packet arrives at Router A. Assume the followinga. Every packet consists of 15,000 bits.b. 5000 bits of the currently-being-transmitted packet has been transmitted by Router A when the new packet arrives at Router A. c. Propagation speed of a bit over the link connecting the two routersis 2 ? 103 meters/sec.d. Processing delay of a packet at a router takes 1 millisecond (i.e., 0.001 seconds).What is the total delay of the new packet in arriving at Router B, i.e., how long does it take the new packet to arrive at Router B from the time it arrived at Router A? In your solution, clearly identify all four delay components the new packet experiences.Given a M/M/1 queue, which has packets arriving at a rate 2 packets/sec, an output link rate R bps, and an average packet size of 1500 bytes, write down: the expression for T, the average delay for a packet (i.e., from arrival till completing transmission at the output). b. the expression for the output utilization c. the expression for average number of packets in the queue d. the expression for average number of packets in the output NIC
- COMPUTING THE ONE-HOP TRANSMISSION DELAY Consider the figure below, in which a single router is transmitting packets, each of length L bits, over a single link with transmission rate R Mbps to another router at the other end of the link. Queue of packets waiting for output link Suppose that the packet length is L= 16000 bits, and that the link transmission rate along the link to router on the right is R = 1000 Mbps. L: packet length (in bits) R: link transmission rates (Mbps) Round your answer to two decimals after leading zeros QUESTION 1 OF 2 What is the transmission delay? AnswerSuppose that Router A and Router B are connected via a 0.05 Mbps link (note, 1 Mbps = 106 bps) and that the link connecting the two routers has a length of 80 meters. Suppose that Router A is in the process oftransmitting a packet, and that there are 15 additional packets in the queue of the router, when a new packet arrives at Router A. Assume the followinga. Every packet consists of 15,000 bits.b. 5000 bits of the currently-being-transmitted packet has been transmitted by Router A when the new packet arrives at Router A. c. Propagation speed of a bit over the link connecting the two routersis 2 ? 103 meters/sec.d. Processing delay of a packet at a router takes 1 millisecond (i.e., 0.001 seconds).What is the total delay of the new packet in arriving at Router B, i.e., how long does it take the new packet to arrive at Router B from the time it arrived at Router A? In your solution, clearly identify all four delay components the new packet experiences.a. Suppose N packets arrive simultaneously to a link at which no packets are currently being transmitted or queued. Each packet is of length L and the link has transmission rate R. What is the average queuing delay for the N packets? b. Now suppose that N such packets arrive to the link every LN/R seconds. What is the average queuing delay of a packet?
- TCP congestion control example. Consider the figure below, where a TCP sender sends 8 TCP segments at t = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8. Suppose the initial value of the sequence number is 0 and every segment sent to the receiver each contains 100 bytes. The delay between the sender and receiver is 5 time units, and so the first segment arrives at the receiver at t = 6. The ACKs sent by the receiver at t = 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12 are shown. The TCP segments (if any) sent by the sender at t = 11, 13, 15, 16, 17, 18 are not shown. The segment sent at t=4 is lost, as is the ACK segment sent at t=7. TCP sender t=1 T t=2 t=3 t=4+ t=5- t=6+ t=11 t=12 t=13 t=14 t=15 t=16 t=17 t=18 I data segment data segment data segment data segment data segment data segment data segment data segment ACK ACK ACK ACK ACK ACK Ty A A V V htt TCP receiver t=6 t=7 t=8 t=9 t=10 t=11 t=12 t=13 What does the sender do at t=17? You can assume for this question that no timeouts have occurred.TCP congestion control example. Consider the figure below, where a TCP sender sends 8 TCP segments at t = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8. Suppose the initial value of the sequence number is 0 and every segment sent to the receiver each contains 100 bytes. The delay between the sender and receiver is 5 time units, and so the first segment arrives at the receiver at t = 6. The ACKS sent by the receiver at t = 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12 are shown. The TCP segments (if any) sent by the sender att = 11, 13, 15, 16, 17, 18 are not shown. The segment sent at t=4 is lost, as is the ACK segment sent at t=7. t=1 T data segment t=2+ data segment data segment-- t=3 TCP sender TCP receiver t=4+ t=5+ data segment - data segment t=6+ t36 data segment t=7 data segment t=8 data segment t=9 ACK + t=10 k -- ACK t=11 t=11 t=12 t=12 t=13 t=13 t=14 ACK -ACK ACK t=15 t=16 t=17 ACK t=18 What does the sender do at t=17? You can assume for this question that no timeouts have occurred.Topic: Network Delay Assume two hosts, A and B, that are linked by a single link with a rate of R bps and are spaced m meters away from one another. A packet of size L bits is being sent from Host A to Host B. Suppose that the propagation through the connection is occurring at s meters/second. (Answer the following question while showing work) 1) When d-prop is bigger than d-trans, where is the packet's first bit at time t = d-trans? 2) At time t = d-trans, where d-prop is less than d-trans, where is the packet's first bit?
- PLZ AS FAST AS POSSIBLE I WANT THE SOLUTION OF THIS QUESTION A pipeline protocol is used between a sender and a receiver. The sender wants to send 6 packets with a rate 1packet/1ms. The propagation time is 3 ms for any packet and the time out is 8 ms. The time for processing packet and the transmission time are negligible. Assume that Selective Repeat is used, window size is 3 and the packet with sequence number 2 is lost (start sequence number from 0) a. Fill up the below figure with information about sending packet from sender to receiver and ACK packet in reverse direction. b. Calculate the total time required in c. order the receiver receives the 6 packets correctly. Specify the number of data packets and acknowledgments sent and sequence number of data packets and acknowledgments. Receiver H Sender ImsCOMPUTING THE ONE-HOP TRANSMISSION DELAY Consider the figure below, in which a single router is transmitting packets, each of length L bits, over a single link with transmission rate R Mbps to another router at the other end of the link. L: packet length (in bits) R: link transmission rates (Mbps) Queue of packets waiting for output link Suppose that the packet length is L= 16000 bits, and that the link transmission rate along the link to router on the right is R = 1000 Mbps. Round your answer to two decimals after leading zeros QUESTION 2 OF 2 Answer What is the maximum number of packets per second that can be transmitted by this link?Consider a router buffer preceding an outbound link. In this problem, you will use Little’s formula, a famous formula from queuing theory. Let N denote the average number of packets in the buffer plus the packet being transmitted. Let a denote the rate of packets arriving at the link. Let d denote the average total delay (i.e., the queuing delay plus the transmission delay) experienced by a packet. Little’s formula is N=a⋅d . Suppose that on average, the buffer contains 10 packets, and the average packet queuing delay is 10 msec. The link’s transmission rate is 100 packets/sec. Using Little’s formula, what is the average packet arrival rate, assuming there is no packet loss?
