Glutathione (GSH) protects the liver from radicals. Show how the free radical is consumed by GSH and the pathway to regenerate GSH. GS-H R What over-the-counter medication, taken at overdose levels, cause a depletion of active GSH_ Show the major products: Br₂ hv 0₂ NBS hv 4 products 2 products New Functional Group Name? 3 products -- : Draw both resonance pictures 2
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- NH2 'N. NH NH NH2 Benzamidine and Leupeptin are competitive trypsin inhibitors. They are shown in their deprotonated forms at high pH. Modify the above drawings to show the protonation and charge at pH 7.0 Draw competitive inhibitors for chymotrypsin based on these structures IZ ZI ZIThink about what part of chymotrypsin, according to our coverage, most contributes to stabilization of the transition state. This contributor is best identified as: Othe acid/base catalystThe following structure is more active than morphine as an analgesic. H3C CH3 H. H3C' O Il.. What is the principal reason for this? The extra acetyl group binds to cell surface receptors improving active internalization. The acetyl groups mask a polar group allowing the structure to cross the blood brain barrier more efficiently. The extra acetyl group masks an alcohol group which would otherwise undergo a phase Il metabolic conjugation reaction leading to rapid excretion of the drug. The acetyl groups increase the stability of the drug in the cellular environment. O Il..
- Given the active site and reaction mechanism below, what is the mechanism of irreversible inhibition of the inhibitor provided? Active Site Reaction Mechanism Inhibitor `NH2. н Он SH OH- OH OH HO- NH „NH OH OH OH -Mg²+ Uncompetitive Affinity-based Transition state analog Non-specific Mechanism-basedThe following structure is more active than morphine as an analgesic. H3C N. CH3 H. H3C O .. What is the principal reason for this? O The extra acetyl group binds to cell surface receptors improving active internalization. O The acetyl groups mask a polar group allowing the structure to cross the blood brain barrier more efficiently. O The extra acetyl group masks an alcohol group which would otherwise undergo a phase Il metabolic conjugation reaction leading to rapid excretion of the drug. O The acetyl groups increase the stability of the drug in the cellular environment. O ..make a schematic diagram of BChE/AChE inhibitory determination Butyrylthiocholine iodide (BChI), as well as acetylthiocholine iodide(AChI) molecules were utilized as substrate compounds of the reaction. Inthis regard, 5,5′‐dithio‐bis(2‐nitro‐benzoic acid) compound (DTNB) wasused to estimate BChE/AChE activity. In summary, 100 μL Tris buffersolution (HCl, 1.0M, pH 8.0, Tris) and variety of concentrations of thesample solution (50‐200 mL) were added in deionized water and also20 μL of BChE/AChE enzymes solutions added. The mixture was thenincubated for 10 minutes at 20°C. Finally, 50 μL of DTNB (0.5 mM and25 mL) BChI/AChI were added to the incubator mixture. The reactionwas also started by adding 50 μL BChI/AChI. The activity of theseenzymes was evaluated using spectrophotometric spectra with awavelength of 412 nm.
- Given the active site and reaction mechanism below, what is the mechanism of irreversible inhibition of the inhibitor provided? Active Site Reaction Mechanism Inhibitor HN 2*Zn но NH2 N- HO, NH2 N. NH NH NH O-H NH3 N. N 'N' NH2 OH OH OH OH Но. но. но. но 'N. OH OH OH OH N. HO- Но OH Affinity-based Transition state analog Mechanism-based Uncompetitive Non-specificDrug Metabolism Reactions Identify the enzyme family involved in the following metabolic reaction: H;C H3C -NH -NH ??? Dealkylation ОН CH3 Select one: a. N-Alkyltransferase b. Cytochrome P450 c. UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase O d. Flavin Mono Oxygenase O OWhich of these heterocyclic drugs is likely to be the least soluble in water? Use the Fsp³ parameter to decide. OH Tramadol Chemical Formula: C16H25NO2 YOUR OW Pantoprazole Torasemide Chemical Formula: C16H15F2N3O4S Chemical Formula: C16H20N4O3S Temazepam -OH Chemical Formula: C16H13CIN₂O2 Tioconazole Chemical Formula: C16H13C3N₂OS A. Tramadol B. Pantoprazole C. Torasemide D. Temazepam E. Toconazole
- GTP or ATP is produced during the conversion of isocitrate into ketoglutarate succinyl CoA into succinate fumarate into malate malate into oxaloacetateInhibition of Purine and Pyrimidine Metabolism by Pharmacological Agents Indicate which reactions of purine or pyrimidine metabolism are affected by the inhibitors (a) azaserine, (b) methotrexate, (c) sulfonamides, (d) allopurinol, and (e) 5-fluorouracil.Distinguishing the Mechanisms of Class I and Class I Aldolases Fructose bisphosphate aldolase in animal muscle is a class 1 aldolase, which forms a Schiff base intermediate between substrate (for example. fructose-1, 6-bisphosphate or dihydroxyacetone phosphate) and a lysine at the active site (see Figure I8.12). The chemical evidence for this intermediate conies from studies with aldolase and the reducing agent sodium borohydride, NaBH4. Incubation of the enzyme with dihydroxyacetone phosphate and NaBH4 inactivates the enzyme. Interestingly, no inactivation is observed if NabH4 is added to the enzyme in the absence of substrate. Write a mechanism that explains these observations and provides evidence for the formation of a Schiff base intermediate in the aldolase reaction.