Determine the p50 for variant A to the nearest 5 torr (i.e., if the p50 was 12, you would write 10). Determine the fraction of the hemoglobin B bound with O2 in the lungs (pO2 = 100 torr) that delivers oxygen to the tissues (pO2 = 20 torr)? Answer to the nearest 0.05 value (for example, 0.10 %3D or 0.15). Which hemoglobin variant (write A or B or same) delivers more oxygen to tissues?
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- A patient carrying a mutant form of hemoglobin (KD = 48 torr) is planning to take part in a hiking trip that involves strenuous physical activity at ~10,000 feet above sea level. The mutant hemoglobin has reduced oxygen binding cooperativity (n = 2.2) and displays no major structural abnormalities. a. Calculate the percent saturation of hemoglobin in the lungs (pO2 = 70 torr at this elevation) for this patient and for an individual carrying a normal version of hemoglobin b. Calculate the percent saturation of hemoglobin in active skeletal muscle tissue (pO2 = 15 torr) for this patient and for an individual carrying a normal version of hemoglobin c. Will this patient transport oxygen from the lungs to active muscle tissues more or less efficientlythan an individual with a normal version of hemoglobin on this trip? Briefly explain your answerThe arterial O₂ concentration is given by the following expression [0₂] = 0.003 P0₂ + (PO₂)².8 +(26) 2.8 1. ЗЧНЬ (Рог ) 2-8 Where Poz is the alveolar O₂ pressure and Hb is the hemoglobin concentration in g/dL, respectively A subject who is at 0-95 ATM (211-0₂) has an arterial O₂ concentration of 19ml/dL and and arterial CO₂ pressure of 38mm Hg. Also, VO₂ = 340mL/min.; VCD₂ = 289 mL/min. Therefore, your hemoglobine level is: A. 14.39 Idl 8. 14.8 g/dl C. 15.2 g/dl D. 15.7g/dL E. 16 g/dLThe O2-binding curves for normal haemoglobin (Hb A) and a mutant haemoglobin (Hb Kempsey) are shown in the diagram. Which of the following statements, based on this graph, are true? 1.0 0.8 Hb/Kempsey 0.6 Hb A 0.4 0.2 0.0 20 40 60 80 100 p02 (torr) 1. Hb Kempsey has a higher affinity for O, than HbA 2. Hb Kempsey is unable to transition between the R and T states 3. Hb Kempsey demonstrates cooperative binding of oxygen. 4. Hb Kempsey's curve could be explained by a loss of nearly all the cooperative interactions between the subunits. 5. A possible explanation for the curve observed with Hb Kempsey is mutation at His HC3. 2,4,5. O 1.2,5. O 1,2,3,4,5. O 2,3,4. O 1.2.4. Y (Fraction Saturation)
- Below is a fractional saturation curve for O₂ binding to adult hemoglobin. Assume that curve Y represents a condition at pH 7.4 and with a normal physiological level of 2,3-BPG. Curve X represents a condition that Fractional saturation (0) 0.2 0.0 0 Tissue PO, (kPa) 12 LungsBelow is the O₂ binding curve for adult Hb in whole blood (containing BPG) shown in red (labelled Hb). Fraction of Hb bound with Oxygen 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 0 20 40 pO2 (torr) 60 80 ABC c. Which curve lacks cooperativity? [Select] Hb 100 a. Which curve is the best representation for stripped Hb (pure hemoglobin with heme, but no other small allosteric molecules associated)? [Select] b. Which curve has the lowest affinity (as measured by the p50)? [Select]Considering the quantity of hemoglobin in an erythrocyte and the oxygen-binding properties of hemoglobin, calculate how many molecules of oxygen one erythrocyte could carry?
- Which option best describes the following figure? Y (fraction saturation) 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 0 20 Oxygen Binding plot 40 60 p02 (torr) 80 100 A) Curve x = adult haemoglobin, curve y = fetal haemoglobin B) Curve x = myoglobin, curve y = haemoglobin C) Curve x = fetal haemoglobin, curve y = adult haemoglobin D) Curve x = fetal haemoglobin, curve y = myoglobin E) Curve x = adult haemoglobin, curve y - myoglobinSuppose Gina climbs a high mountain where the oxygen partial pressure in the air decreases to 70 torr. Assume that the pH of her tissues and lungs is 7.4 and the oxygen concentration in her tissues is 20 torr. The P50 of hemoglobin is 26 torr. The degree of cooperativity of hemoglobin, n, is 2.8. Estimate the percentage of the oxygen-carrying capacity that she utilizes. Calculate your answer to one decimal place. сараcity: %This graph shows the O2 binding curves of Hemoglobin. Which one is the R-state curve, and which one is the T-state? Why these curves are different comparing to the normal curve (middle one) 1.0 0.8 Observed hemoglobin- binding curve 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 50 100 150 200 p02 (torr) Y (fractional saturation)
- 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate (BPG) is a negative allosteric regulator of hemoglobin that is produced in red blood cells. Normally, red blood cell levels of BPG are 5 mmol/L, yielding curve 2. Individuals acclimated to high altitudes can have BPG levels of 8 mmol/L to optimize their oxygen utilization. Saturation 2 3 S Which curve represents hemoglobin of someone living at normal altitudes? 1 2 Pos (mm Hg) 3 None of the answers are correct 2 and 3Studies of oxygen transport in pregnant mammals show that the O2-saturation curves of fetal and maternal blood are markedly different when measured under the same conditions. Fetal erythrocytes contain a structural variant of hemoglobin, HbF, consisting of two a and two y (a2 y2), whereas maternal erythrocytes contains HbA (a2 B2). 1.0 HbF +BPG e 0.5 HbA +ВPG 2 4 6 8 10 pO2 (kPa) What is the physiological significance of the different O2 affinities?Studies of oxygen transport in pregnant mammals show that the O2-saturation curves of fetal and maternal blood are markedly different when measured under the same conditions. Fetal erythrocytes contain a structural variant of hemoglobin, HbF, consisting of two a and two y (a2 y2), whereas maternal erythrocytes contains HbA (a2 B2). 1.0 ·HbF +BPG 0.5 HbA +ВPG 2 4 6 8 10 pO2 (kPa) Which hemoglobin has a higher affinity for oxygen under physiological conditions, HbA or HbF? Explain. b. What is the physiological significance of the different O2 affinities?
