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- A patient 19 year-old came to hospital and she had sore throat, fever, red tonsils and swollen uvula, and neck lymphadenopathy. She was given initially antibiotics and came after 5 days with tired, 39ºC. She had patches ofwhite exudate on the tonsils, lymphadenopathyand splenomegaly. Hematological examination shows atypical lymphocytosis. Why do you think did she have these symptoms? Answer: these symptoms are for ………………………. and caused by …………………………… 2) What are other tests and samples need to confirm the causative agent which cause these symptoms?55) A 48 year old man who emigrated from India comes to the physician because of a 6 month history of scale, well demarcated rash on his forehaed . Physical examinationhypopigmented rash with anesthetic cewnter over the left side of the forehead. A biopsy speciment of the affected skin shows clusters of epithelialcwels and occassional ginatcells surrounded by lymphocyteswith rare acid fast bacilli. Which of the following cytokine patterns is most likely exhibited by CD 4+ T-lymphocyte clones responding to this infection A) Interleukin-1( IL-1) and Il-8 (B) IL-2 and interferon gamma (C) IL-4 and IL-10 (D) Il-5 and IL-12 (E) IL-6 and Tumor necrosis factor alphaA clinic received a child of 5 years with a diagnosis of acute bronchitis. Staphylococcus was found during bacteriological examination of sputum. From the age of 10 months, when he stopped taking mother's milk, the child has been often suffering from pharyngitis, otitis, bronchitis, pneumonia. The content of blood B-lymphocytes and immunoglobulins is decreased, the number of T-lymphocytes is normal. Questions: 4. Why has recurrent infections often occurred since about 10 months of age? 5. Why are viral and fungal infections seldom in this form of pathology?
- A patient 19 year-old came to hospital and she had sore throat, fever, red tonsils and swollen uvula, and neck lymphadenopathy. She was given initially antibiotics and came after 5 days with tired, 39ºC. She had patches of white exudate on the tonsils, lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly. Hematological examination shows atypical lymphocytosis. Why do you think did she have these symptoms? Answer: these symptoms are for ………………………. and caused by …………………………… What are other tests and samples need to confirm the causative agent which cause these symptoms?A patient 19 year-old came to hospital and she had sore throat, fever, red tonsils and swollen uvula, and neck lymphadenopathy. She was given initially antibiotics and came after 5 days with tired, 39ºC. She had patches of white exudate on the tonsils, lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly. Hematological examination shows atypical lymphocytosis. ( please answer the two parts 1 and 2) 1. Why do you think did she have these symptoms? Answer: these symptoms are for ………………………. and caused by …………………………… 2. What are other tests and samples need to confirm the causative agent which cause these symptoms? A 27-year-old man has had a fever and cough for four months . Auscultation of the chest discloses crepitant crackles confined to the apex that persist despite coughing. An x-ray off the chest shows enlarged hilar lymph nodes. Acid fast stain of the sputum is positive. Which of the following characterizes the cellular host reaction? A) Humoral antibody formation of B lymphocytes B) interferon gamma production by CD4 T lymphocytes C) interferon gamma production by CD8 T lymphocytes D) macrophage lysis by B lymphocytes E) macrophage lysis by CD4 T lymphocytes 
- 27. A 69-year-old man with congestive heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease has palpable adenopathy in the neck and inguinal region. He feels perfectly well and has normal blood counts. Lymph node biopsy shows follic- ular small cleaved lymphocytic lymphoma. Bone marrow biopsy shows peritrabecular infil- trates of small cleaved lymphocytes. Which of the following is the best management?A 3-year-old girl with a fever is sent to the hospital and is found to have a Pseudomonas sp. infection. Her platelet count was 60 x109/L, her haemoglobin value was 74 g/L, her white blood cell count was 1x109/L, and blast cells were seen on a peripheral blood film. Ninety percent of the cells in the bone marrow were blasts, according to a smear. Upon immunophenotyping these blasts using flow cytometry, positive phenotypes for CD10, CD19, (partial)TdT, and CD34 were observed.A 30-year-old female presents with fatigue, weight loss, arthritis of her hands, and a malar ("butterfly") rash. Blood tests reveal decreased hemoglobin and the presence of antinuclear antibodies. From the findings suggest an immunological condition and explain its underlying immunologic process.
- A 30-year-old rancher was admitted to a hospital on February 12 because of a two-day history of headache, chills, and 40 degree Celsius fever. Before he was admitted, he began vomiting. During his admission it was found out that he has an orange-sized swelling in the left axilla. A laboratory analysis was administered using lymph-node aspirate and smear of peripheral blood, the result was reported to contain gram-positive cocci, often in pairs. Due to this situation he was given cefoxitin. The patient was acutely ill. Within a few hours of admission, he had a cardiopulmonary arrest. During resuscitation efforts, he vomited and aspirated his vomitus; a chest X-ray showed bilateral infiltrate. The patient was also bled from several body sites. Six hours after admission the patient died. Based on data given, the patient had trapped, killed, and skinned 3 kit foxes, 4 coyotes, and 1 bobcat. The patient cut his left hand shortly before skinning the bobcat on February 7. After his death,…A 38 year-old woman went to a hospital and complained of a non-productive cough and dyspnea, which has progressed over two weeks. Based on physical examination, she was pale, diaphoretic and in acute respiratory distress. According to her, she had sexual contact with his partner for the past weeks. The physician ordered laboratory tests and results revealed that the CD4 count was significantly low. 1. Why si HIV-1 antibody the predominant antibody present in the patient’s serum and why?A 43 year old male patient was brought to aOR for a total hip arthoplasty. His chart shows that he is hiv+; he is in the early stages of aids. He has Kspodi sarcoma skin lesions, pain-fully swollen lymph nodes in groin and Scilla and is underweight. Discuss the concept of standard precautions. Do you treat this patient any differently because he is hiv+?
