7. Specificity of membrane transporters. A protein that transports amino acids across the cell membrane was found to bind only a few amino acids efficiently. To find the specificity, many different amino acids and substrate analogs were used as competitive inhibitors in transport studies at pH 5.9 with L-histidine (Km = 10 μM). The Ki values calculated from Lineweaver-Burk plots are shown in the table below. Comparing the structures of L-histidine and the competitive inhibitors (for which most of them, you should know their structures!), what can you conclude about the characteristics of molecules that this transport protein binds at its active site? K, (10-6 M) Amino acid or analog L-Lys L-Arg Gly L-Asp D-His Histamine Dehydrourocanate D-Arg 2 3 285 450 340 390 285 355 -NH HN- Structure HN- -NH -NH3 histamine -COO™ dehydrourocanate
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- Protein concentration can readily be determined using the Beer-Lambert law: A = e l c where A = absorbance e = molar absorption coefficient (M-1cm-1) l = light path length (cm) c = concentration (M) If the molar absorption coefficient at 280 nm for yeast ADH is 48860 M-1cm-1 and a 10 mL solution of the protein has an absorbance at 280 nm of 0.4 (as measured by a spectrometer with pathlength 1 cm), then what is the concentration of the protein solution (in μM)? i.e. concentration = ______ μM If the molecular weight of the protein is 36849, what is its concentration in mg/mL? i.e. concentration = _______ mg/mL For each part of the question, show your calculations to arrive at your answers.A spherical cell with the diameter of 10uMhas a protein concentration of 20 mg/ml. Determine the number of protein molecules within the cell if the molecular weight of an average protein is 50,000 daltons (g/mol). Recall that Avogadro's number is N₁ = 6.0221367×1023 molecules/mol.A series of standard proteins and an unknown enzyme were studied by gel filtration on a Sephadex G200 (the 200 refers to the maximum pore size in kDa) column. The elution volume Vel for each protein is given in Table 1 below. (a) Plot the data in the form of log Mr versus elution volume. From the line of best fit through the points for the standards, determine the Mr of the unknown enzyme. Explain why ferritin and ovomucoid behave anomalously. Table 1 - The Vel versus Mr data Protein Mr Vel (mL) Blue dextran* Lysozyme Chymotrypsin Ovalbumin Serum albumin Aldolase Urease Ferritin# Ovomucoid# Unknown 1,000,000 14,000 25,000 45,000 68,500 150,000 500,000 700,000 28,000 ⎯ 85 200 190 170 150 125 90 92 160 139 *Blue dextran is not a protein but a high-Mr carbohydrate that has a covalently bound blue dye, and it elutes with the void volume of the column. # Do not…
- How many copies of a protein need to be present in a cell in order for it to be visible as a band on an SDS gel? Assume that you can load 100 µg of cell extract onto a gel and that you can detect 10 ng in a single band by sil ver staining the gel. The concentration of protein in cells is about 200 mg/mL, and a typical mammalian cell has a volume of about 1000 μm³ and a typical bacterium a vol ume of about 1 µm³. Given these parameters, calculate the number of copies of a 120-kd protein that would need to be present in a mammalian cell and in a bacterium in order to give a detectable band on a gel. You might try an order-of-magnitude guess before you make the calcula tions.Consider the following properties of the protein components of a sample mixture as provided in the table below: 1. if the mixture is subjected to gel filtration chromotography which protein component elute first? 2. if the mixture is subjected to isoelectric focusing which protein will stop m oving nearest to the positive electrode? 3. if the mixture is subjected to cation-exchange chromotography using a buffer at ph 7 which protein will bind to the resin? 4.if the mixture is subjected to SDS-PAGE which protein will be at bottomost portion of gel? 5.if the mixture is subjected to hydrophobic interaction chromotography which protein will bind most strongly to the resin?.A protein gives a single band on SDS gel electrophoresis, as shown in lanes 1 and 2 below. There is little if any effect from adding
- Consider the following protein mixture: Protein A B C D Molecular Weight (kDa) 50 150 200 350 Affinity to Metal ion === Zn²+ === 1. Using hydrophobic interaction chromatography, the protein that will be eluted last is [Select] 2. Using affinity chromatography, the protein that will be eluted last in a Zn²+-containing column is 3. The protein with the fastest migration towards the anode in SDS-PAGE is [Select] IpH value 7 3 9 5 [Select] [Select] 4. Using a buffer solution with a pH of 4, the protein that will bind to an anion exchanger is 5. The protein that will be eluted last in a gel filtration column is [Select] 6. Using isoelectric focusing, the protein that will have a protein band nearest to the cathode (negative electrode) is [Select] % Hydrophobicity 20 45 75 55Purification of a protein of unknown structure has been achieved. The natural protein has a molecular weight of 240,000, according to size-exclusion chromatography. Using a concentration of 6 M guanidine hydrochloride in the chromatography, a single peak can be identified as the molecular weight (MW) 60,000 of a protein. B-mercaptoethanol (BME) and guanidine hydrochloride (GHC) are used in tandem to produce proteins with mass masses of 34,000 and 26,000, respectively. The structure of this protein can be inferred from these facts.A large chaperone protein complex GroEL is approximately 16 nm in diameter. When it is dissolved in water at 300 K, estimate the average time it will take for GroEL to diffuse a distance of 500 nm (0.5 micron). The viscosity of water is 10-3 Pa*s.
- Quantitative Estimation of Amino Acids by Ninhydrin http://vlab.amrita.edu/?sub=3&brch=63&sim=156&cnt=2 can u help me with question 2 of the assignment questions Based on the experimental data provided, estimate the amount of amino acid in the given unknown solution by Ninhydrin method. SI No. Volume of standard amino acid solution (ml) Amount of amino acid (µg) OD at 570nm 1 Blank 0 2 0.2 0.12 3 0.4 0.25 4 0.6 0.45 5 0.8 0.55 6 1.0 100 0.68 7 Unknown (0.5ml) 0.41A spherical cell with the diameter of 10uMhas a protein concentration of 20 mg/ml. Determine the number of protein molecules within the cell if the molecular weight of an average protein is 50,000 daltons (g/mol). Recall that Avogadro's number is NA 6.0221367×1023 molecules/mol. =The ESI-MS spectrum in positive ionization mode for lysozyme is obtained. a. What is the molecular weight of the protein to 5 significant figures based on the two highlighted ion species? b. What is the charge of the peaks at 1101.5 and 1789.2.