Homework Help is Here – Start Your Trial Now!
Science
Biology
5. Pernicious anemia is a disease in which the intestine is unable to absorb vitamin B12, frequently due to the loss of the generically named "intrinsic factor" produced by the parietal cells of the stomach lining. Intrinsic factor is a glycoprotein that binds to vitamin B12 and is required for its uptake in the ilium. Vitamin B12 is synthesized only by microbes, and we get it either from digesting animal protein or from our commensal microbiome. Vitamin B12 is unique among metabolic cofactors in that it contains the trace element cobalt, coordinated in a corrin ring structure that is similar to the porphyrin ring system in heme. Loss of intrinsic factor, often through autoimmunity, results in the inability to absorb B12 and ultimately a loss of red blood cells that results in anemia and can be deadly (“pernicious"). VITAMIN BI2 INTRINSIC FACTOR DIETARY B12 ANTIBODIES PERNICIOUS ΑΝΑΕΜΙΑ HYDROXYCOBALAMIN ILEUM NUMBNESS (a) In pernicious anemia, N5-methyltetrahydrofolate accumulates, and cells run out of tetrahydrofolate. This results in an inability to synthesize nucleotides, preventing DNA replication and the production of red blood cells. Why does N5-methyltetrahydrofolate accumulate in the absence of vitamin B12? What other metabolites accumulate and are depleted in this pathway due to the loss of vitamin B12? (b) How might loss of vitamin B12 alter gene expression? (c) What would happen to the rate of conversion of serine to glycine in the absence of vitamin B12 and why?

5. Pernicious anemia is a disease in which the intestine is unable to absorb vitamin B12, frequently due to the loss of the generically named "intrinsic factor" produced by the parietal cells of the stomach lining. Intrinsic factor is a glycoprotein that binds to vitamin B12 and is required for its uptake in the ilium. Vitamin B12 is synthesized only by microbes, and we get it either from digesting animal protein or from our commensal microbiome. Vitamin B12 is unique among metabolic cofactors in that it contains the trace element cobalt, coordinated in a corrin ring structure that is similar to the porphyrin ring system in heme. Loss of intrinsic factor, often through autoimmunity, results in the inability to absorb B12 and ultimately a loss of red blood cells that results in anemia and can be deadly (“pernicious"). VITAMIN BI2 INTRINSIC FACTOR DIETARY B12 ANTIBODIES PERNICIOUS ΑΝΑΕΜΙΑ HYDROXYCOBALAMIN ILEUM NUMBNESS (a) In pernicious anemia, N5-methyltetrahydrofolate accumulates, and cells run out of tetrahydrofolate. This results in an inability to synthesize nucleotides, preventing DNA replication and the production of red blood cells. Why does N5-methyltetrahydrofolate accumulate in the absence of vitamin B12? What other metabolites accumulate and are depleted in this pathway due to the loss of vitamin B12? (b) How might loss of vitamin B12 alter gene expression? (c) What would happen to the rate of conversion of serine to glycine in the absence of vitamin B12 and why?

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)
Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)
9th Edition
ISBN:9781285866932
Author:Lauralee Sherwood
Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood
Chapter19: The Peripheral Endocrine Glands
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 5TAHL
See similar textbooks
icon
Related questions
Question
Y ANTIBODIES DIETARY B12 PERNICIOUS ANAEMIA HYDROXYCOBALAMIN 5. Pernicious anemia is a disease in which the intestine is unable to absorb vitamin B12, frequently due to the loss of the generically named "intrinsic factor" produced by the parietal cells of the stomach lining. Intrinsic factor is a glycoprotein that binds to vitamin B₁2 and is required for its uptake in the ilium. Vitamin B12 is synthesized only by microbes, and we get it either from digesting animal protein or from our commensal microbiome. Vitamin B₁ is unique among metabolic cofactors in that it contains the trace element cobalt, coordinated in a corrin ring structure that is similar to the porphyrin ring system in heme. Loss of intrinsic factor, often through autoimmunity, results in the inability to absorb B12 and ultimately a loss of red blood cells that results in anemia and can be deadly ("pernicious"). ILEUM NUMBNESS (a) In pernicious anemia, N 5-methyltetrahydrofolate accumulates, and cells run out of tetrahydrofolate. This results in an inability to synthesize nucleotides, preventing DNA replication and the production of red blood cells. Why does N5-methyltetrahydrofolate accumulate in the absence of vitamin B12? What other metabolites accumulate and are depleted in this pathway due to the loss of vitamin B12? (b) How might loss of vitamin B₁2 alter gene expression? (c) What would happen to the rate of conversion of serine to glycine in the absence of vitamin B12 and why? VITAMIN B12 INTRINSIC FACTOR
Transcribed Image Text:Y ANTIBODIES DIETARY B12 PERNICIOUS ANAEMIA HYDROXYCOBALAMIN 5. Pernicious anemia is a disease in which the intestine is unable to absorb vitamin B12, frequently due to the loss of the generically named "intrinsic factor" produced by the parietal cells of the stomach lining. Intrinsic factor is a glycoprotein that binds to vitamin B₁2 and is required for its uptake in the ilium. Vitamin B12 is synthesized only by microbes, and we get it either from digesting animal protein or from our commensal microbiome. Vitamin B₁ is unique among metabolic cofactors in that it contains the trace element cobalt, coordinated in a corrin ring structure that is similar to the porphyrin ring system in heme. Loss of intrinsic factor, often through autoimmunity, results in the inability to absorb B12 and ultimately a loss of red blood cells that results in anemia and can be deadly ("pernicious"). ILEUM NUMBNESS (a) In pernicious anemia, N 5-methyltetrahydrofolate accumulates, and cells run out of tetrahydrofolate. This results in an inability to synthesize nucleotides, preventing DNA replication and the production of red blood cells. Why does N5-methyltetrahydrofolate accumulate in the absence of vitamin B12? What other metabolites accumulate and are depleted in this pathway due to the loss of vitamin B12? (b) How might loss of vitamin B₁2 alter gene expression? (c) What would happen to the rate of conversion of serine to glycine in the absence of vitamin B12 and why? VITAMIN B12 INTRINSIC FACTOR
Expert Solution
trending now

Trending now

This is a popular solution!

steps

Step by step

Solved in 4 steps

SEE SOLUTIONCheck out a sample Q&A here
Blurred answer
Knowledge Booster
Digestive system
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.
Similar questions
  • SEE MORE QUESTIONS
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap …
Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap …
Biology
ISBN:
9781285866932
Author:
Lauralee Sherwood
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Biology 2e
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:
9781947172517
Author:
Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:
OpenStax
Anatomy & Physiology
Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:
9781938168130
Author:
Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Peter DeSaix, Dean H. Kruse, Brandon Poe, Eddie Johnson, Jody E. Johnson, Oksana Korol, J. Gordon Betts, Mark Womble
Publisher:
OpenStax College
Biochemistry
Biochemistry
Biochemistry
ISBN:
9781305577206
Author:
Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
SEE MORE TEXTBOOKS