1. You are working with a known chemical that can cause a mutation in the DNA. You decide to use the Replica Plating experiment to confirm that this is the case. Please talk about how this experiment works. Also, please discuss any two types of mutations that could take place due to this mutation and what these mutations can cause when DNA is made into protein. 2. What is a difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic gene expression? Please explain. Also, discuss briefly the significance in splicing, why this is done and how this leads into variety of different polypeptides.

Q: complex process, you decide to draw for the class a typical eukaryotic gene/transcription unit with…

A: PPE stands for a promoter-proximal element which is an additional promoter that contains AT-rich…

Q: During cloning of eukaryotic genes, mRNA instead the original gene fragment is used to obtain the…

A: Deoxy ribonucleic acid (DNA) is the genetic material of most organisms that carry coded genetic…

Q: . You are analyzing two different cells that transcribe the same gene called neurexin (NRXN). The…

A: Hi dear, here's your answer.

Q: Ochre and amber are two distinct nonsense mutations. Before the genetic code was worked out, Sydney…

A: Gene expression is a process by which genetic information from a gene is used for the production of…

Q: Nonfunctional HexA protein is responsible for the autosomal recessive disease Tay Sachs. A patient…

A: Ans... a base substitution in an enhancer region

Q: You have isolated several E. coli mutants: Mutant #1 has a point mutation in the -10 region of the…

A: Consensus sequence is a particular sequence that is found at different places in the genome . These…

Q: You obtain the sequence of a gene containing 10 exons, 9 introns, and a 3_ UTR containing a…

A: According to the information, the sequence contains many introns and exons and hence it is....

Q: A chemist synthesizes four new chemical compounds in the laboratory and names them PFI1, PFI2, PFI3,…

A: Mutations occur when there is a change in DNA due to damage which can alter the gene expression.…

Q: After Drosophila DNA has been treated with a restriction enzyme, the fragments are inserted into…

A: a) By preparing a probe using the actin amino acid sequence or using the actin gene sequence known…

Q: 5.Below is schematic of gene Z, which encodes for protein Z. the promoter is indicated by the dotted…

A: Given information In the diagram , there are Exon 1, Exon 2 and Exon 3. There are two introns 1 and…

Q: A 2500 bp region of the human genome encodes two genes. One of the genes encodes a protein of 600…

A: Adenine, Guanine, Thymine and Cytosine are the base pairs which are present in DNA and in RNA Uracil…

Q: You are working in a research lab that is surveying the CFTR gene sequence in humans to identify new…

A: A synonymous mutation is mutation in the DNA sequence that leads to change in the codon for amino…

Q: You are teaching a class on the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression. such as the promoter…

A: Binding of RNA polymerase II  and transcription factors is necessary for transcription.

Q: Geneticists often use ethylmethane sulfonate (EMS) to induce mutations in Drosophila. Why is EMS a…

A: Ethylmethane sulfonate (EMS) : It is a mutagenic, teratogenic and possibly carcinogenic organic…

Q: You are studying the tryptophan synthetase gene that Yanofsky also examined to determine the…

A: Charles Yanofsky and colleagues in 1964 discovered that nucleic acid sequences and the translated…

Q: Some mutations affect changes in protein structure and function that can result in disease whereas…

A: Proteins are synthesized from gene expression. They are coded by the genes and translated to form…

Q: You obtain the sequence of a gene containing 10 exons, 9 introns, and a 3'-UTR containing a…

A: A gene is a stretch of nucleotides present on a chromosome. It is the region that encodes the…

Q: 1. What term is referred to the process of removing large portions of the RNA primary transcript…

A: Introduction :- Splicing is the process of excising introns (noncoding sections of genes) from…

Q: You have cloned a novel E. coli gene and wish to express protein from it in human cells. In order to…

A: The Central Dogma theory explains that DNA forms DNA by Replication, DNA forms RNA by Transcription…

Q: The design of antibiotics requires that the drug prevents the growth of bacteria without…

A: Antibiotics are drugs that destroy or slow down the growth of bacteria. They include a range of…

Q: Let us suppose that a vertebrate organism carries a mutation that causes some cells that normally…

A: The addition of methyl groups into DNA molecule is called DNA methylation. The activity of the DNA…

Q: Discuss    how    mutations    may    arise    in    DNA,    and    the    potential    consequences…

A: Mutations are the changes in the nucleotide sequence of DNA and it arises at the time of DNA…

Q: Expression of recombinant proteins in yeast is an important tool for biotechnology companies that…

A: Recombinant proteins are those proteins that are produced by recombinant DNA cloned in a system…

Q: Below is the sequence of MRNA. 1. if U is mutated to C, then it will lead to a [ Select ) mutation.…

A: Answer :- 1. UGU (Cys) is converted to UGC (Cys) - silent mutation

Q: Because genetic engineering involves the modification of an organism's set of instructions, it has…

A: * Genetic engineering means it is the process of using rDNA technology to alter the genes of…

Q: Some mutations affect changes in protein structure and function that can result in disease whereas…

A: Hi! Thanks for your question. But as you have posted multiple questions, I am answering the first…

Q: From the list below, which would be true if you expressed a eukaryotic gene in a bacterial cell?…

A: The bacterial transcriptional machinery does not have post-transcriptional modifications like…

Q: The restriction digests of the cloned Drosophila gene can provide direct visible evidence of a…

A: We can use the technique of Southern blotting to detect and isolate the DNA fragment with the Gene…

Q: u have assembled a new prokaryotic genome and are annotating the genes.  If you were to search for…

A: Genome Annotation is a multidisciplinary process that includes genetic protein-coding prediction, as…

Q: c. Briefly describe the significance of transposons in inducing d. Discuss the practical aspects of…

A: DNA transposons are powerful forces of genetic change. They move from one genomic location to…

Q: You are interested in a eukaryotic protein involved in immunity, and you are attempting to express…

A: The question is related to the presence of introns in eukaryotic genome and its absence in…

Q: A chemist synthesizes four new chemical compounds in the laboratory and names them PFI1, PFI2, PFI3,…

A: A gene mutation is alteration in the DNA sequence  that make up the gene such that sequence differs…

Q: . Let’s say that you have incredible skill and can isolate the white and red patches of tissue from…

A: Mutation It can occur due to errors in DNA copying during cell division, ionising radiation…

Q: Albinism is a condition where individuals can't make melanin pigment. The affected gene encodes for…

A: Albinism is a group of inherited disorders which can lead to no production of melanin pigment due to…

Q: You see partial sequence of a gene as follows (non template strand shown)…

A: Transcription is a heterocatalytic action of DNA by means of which RNA is synthesized from specific…

Q: a. Why is it impossible to induce nonsense mutations(represented at the mRNA level by the triplets…

A: The mutation is a sudden and permanent change in the organism. It can be passed down from generation…

Q: Consider a gene sequence whose promoter has acquired a mutation. Although this is a problem, this…

A: Gene expression in organisms is an essential step for their metabolic activities. Often certain…

Q: Restriction enzymes are extensively used in molecular biology. Below are the recognition sites of…

A: Restriction Enzyme  Restriction enzymes are the enzymes which are used to cut DNA by recognizing the…

Q: You isolate a mouse Tau-gene-containing DNA fragment from the chicken and hybridize it to the…

A: DNA:   DNA is a polymer made up of two polynucleotide chains that coil around each other to form a…

Q: Ochre and amber are two distinct nonsense mutations. Before the genetic code was worked out, Sydney…

A: The nucleotides in RNA (ribonucleic acid) or DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) sequence are read as…

Q: Many regions of non-coding eukaryotic DNA previously thought to be "junk" are now known to contain…

A: Genes are the functional unit of heredity. They carry information that gets expressed and results in…

Q: You want to clone a eukaryotic gene and express the corresponding protein in yeast. However, the…

A: Most eukaryotic genes contain segments of coding sequences (exons) interrupted by noncoding…

Q: Geneticists often use the alkylating agent ethylmethane sulfonate (EMS; see Figure 15.6) to induce…

A: EMS a mutagen of choice for genetic research , it is because of - EMS, an alkylating agent, commonly…

Q: Computer programmers, working with molecular geneticists, have developed programs that can identify…

A: Transcription is the process by which the information in a strand of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is…

Q: You obtained the sequence of the frog gene X you amplified in Question #16 through a process called…

A: A "nucleic acid" is a linear polymer of nucleotides that is a component of the cell's information…

Q: Suppose we take tissue samples from the kidney and the liver of a healthy individual. If we compare…

A: Genetic sequences or the genome of a cell is present in the nucleus and includes DNA molecule…

Q: What technique can you use inorder to get a functional insulin coding sequence cloned into bacteria…

A: Insulin is a hormone produced by the beta cells of islets of Langerhans of pancreas. Insulin is…

Mitochondrial Mutations

A mitochondrion is a cellular organelle that serves as the site for cellular respiration and energy production (ATP or Adenosine Triphosphate). It is a double-membrane-bound organelle and is only present in eukaryotic cells.