SECR 6000 Research Study – Time to update the DoD Personnel Security regulation
Submitted by
R. Allen Green
Prepared for
Dr. Beth Vivaldi
SECR 6000 Security Management
Fall II, 2012
Webster University
December 12, 2012
CERTIFICATE OF AUTHORSHIP: I certify that I am the author. I have cited all sources from which I used data, ideas, or words, either quoted directly or paraphrased. I also certify that this paper was prepared by me specifically for this course.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Cover Page……...…………………………………………………………………………………1
Table of Contents…………....…………………………………………………………………….2
Definitions and Terms…………………………………………………………………………......4
Chapter 1 – Introduction…………………………………………………………….…………….6
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Many changes were implemented after WWII as well as agencies created, such as the United States Air Force. However, even though the Air Force was created after WWII it has not stayed the same, and has grown and evolved with the world. Executive Orders have not updated the DoD regulation with the earliest rendition dated 18 September 1969 which is an Army regulation and not DoD. The most recent update, renumbering and name change is reflected as Army Regulation 380-67, Personnel Security Program dated 7 October 1988. With the execution of Executive Order (E.O.) 10450 in 1953, three concerns overlapped which were loyalty, suitability for employment, and maintaining the security of classified information. The onset of the Cold War made it necessary to concentrate efforts on thwarting federal employees from spying for, our then defined enemy, the Soviet Union. That all led to the obsession with an applicant’s vow to and links with international communism (Herbig, 2011). The initial standards that accompanied this E.O. were and still are called Adjudicative Guidelines.
These Adjudicative Guidelines are used to evaluate each applicant’s eligibility for access to classified or sensitive information and for Sensitive Compartmented Information (SCI) and are also used to guide adjudicators in evaluating information gathered during an applicant’s background investigation
In 1950 the emergence of the Second Red Scare’s driving force, Senator Joseph McCarthy, appeared and gave a speech proclaiming that America will soon be lost to communism if the people do not stand up to combat it. He revealed that night a list of 205 people working for Soviet Russia in the United States’ State Department whose intentions were to mold America from the inside to become a socialist nation. (Fitzgerald, p. 14) It was thanks to this newfound hysteria that began to break out thanks to McCarthy’s claims that the HUAC and other like-minded organizations began to gain momentum during this time period.
In the article it states, “As apprehension about Soviet influence grew as the Cold War heated up, U.S. leaders decided to take action. On March 21, 1947, President Harry S. Truman (1884-1972) issued Executive Order 9835, also known as the Loyalty Order, which mandated that all federal employees be analyzed to determine whether they were sufficiently loyal to the government.” Due to the Cold War intensifying and getting awareness from the public, it has created tautness and unease around the nation. By stating that the president issued an Executive Order which means that it must be enforced and if that happened, that means the issue at hand is very serious and that the people and the government are very worried by it. The Red Scare manifested itself in a few courses, remarkably through the activities of the House Un-American Activities Committee, the ascent of Senator Joseph McCarthy, and the increasing speed of the arms race. Purposeful propaganda movies like Red Nightmare were dispatched to impel apprehensions of socialism and the Soviet Union. These things were emphasized to spread the fear and awareness. Certain organizations were formed and taken into action mostly to relieve the tension of the Red Scare in the U.S by hunting communists. In the article it states, “One of the pioneering efforts to investigate communist
Certification of Authorship: I certify that I am the author of this paper and that any assistance I received in its preparation is fully acknowledged and disclosed in the paper. I have also cited any sources from which I used data, ideas, or words, either quoted directly or paraphrased. I also certify that this paper was prepared by me specifically for the purpose of this assignment.
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Certification of Authorship: I certify that I am the author of this paper and that any assistance I received in its preparation is fully acknowledged and disclosed in the paper. I have also cited any sources from which I used data, ideas, words, either quoted directly or paraphrased. I also certify that this paper was prepared by me especially for this course.
This ruling was made because, as stated in the previous paragraph, the population of the United States requires every possible protection against espionage to
During the Cold War, America as a whole was terrified of the idea of communists. Everybody had a perception of a communist, and knew that they did not like them. The American Government took many measures to protect the United States from Communism. In 1947, President Harry Truman made an Executive Order 9835 with the purpose of making the United States Government more secure. To summarize the order, it was to have all people holding or applying for Government positions to be checked or inspected a great deal for being or
Ranking first in my class, publishing a note on law review, and the numerous other academic accolades in my resume demonstrate my intellectual, analytical, and functional capacity and qualifications for a position with the CIA. My respect and appreciation for what it means to be a public servant as well as my integrity, however, are what distinguishes me from the plethora of qualified candidates that are undoubtedly applying for this position. The gravity of my experiences ranging from the consideration of compassionate release motions with the Bureau of Prisons to intimate discussions with litigants at the military commissions in Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, amongst many other experiences, have sculpted the ethical standards I bind myself
In American soil the fear of communist spies was reaping the country from the inside; this time period (between 1947 and 1957) is known as the Red Scare or the Great Fear. During this period, the federal government created “loyalty programs” to weed-out communism and its sympathizers. For instance, Americans had to swear an oath of loyalty to the Constitution and that the person had never or will never belong to an organization whose intentions were to over thrown the government. Such programs also held hearings and investigations if a person was accused of betraying the United States government. Furthermore, the first loyalty program was instituted under President Truman in 1947 in a federal level and for any future employees which later
Naff et al. stated, “The Pendleton Act became a remarkably durable piece of legislation. Within it was the framework for personnel management that was at the heart of the federal civil service system until 1979” (2014, p. 7). The Pendleton Act enforced the beginnings of a merit system in the United States by requiring any individual seeking a position in the federal government to complete open exams, undergo a probation period upon accepting a job, and be protected from any political pressures that could interfere with their work (Naff et al., 2014). Although this act had only extended merit system coverage to ten percent of the workforce at the time, it would eventually extend to more than seventy percent after World War I, where civil service
CERTIFICATION OF AUTHORSHIP: I certify that I am the author of this paper and that any assistance I received in its preparation is fully acknowledged and disclosed in the paper. I have also cited any sources from which I used data, ideas or words, either quoted directly or paraphrased. I also certify that this paper was prepared by me specifically for this course.
The Freedom of Information Act was enforced when our government realized the importance of the relationship between access to information and government accountability. This act enables citizens to view a plethora of different files and records from government agencies. This act proved to be “a principal instrument for breaking down bureaucratic secrecy in American public administration” (p. 62).
The handling and use of any information are critical to avoid legal and political implications that arise as a result of exposure of such information to unlawful use. Federal statutes are explicit that those tasked with handling classified information should not have any unauthorized access or disclosure. The law spells the implications that arise in a case of these violations (ODNI 2). However, it is important for us to understand what is meant by top secret information, how to identify if it has been mishandled, and the legal implications or punishments for those involved once it has been proved that indeed they disclosed such information. The essence of this report essay is to discuss the identification and punishment for mishandling top secret information.
Human sources, regardless of the organization handling them, go through an extreme vetting process, one that never stops (typically). The individual responsible for vetting sources does so by constantly analyzing the source’s suitability and their susceptibility to foreign influence. Organizations need to take the same approach with individual’s working in positions, which give them access to the US government’s most sensitive information. Too often, employers, such as the CIA, rely on the results of polygraphs to determine whether someone is committing a crime. However, this is a flawed mechanism, example, Ames. The intelligence community needs to place more accountability on supervisors to know their employees and to be able to identify when someone is exhibiting a behavior, which can lead to suitability and susceptibility issues. This is an essential process because people change. Life is unpredictable, and there is no predicting when an individual will have to adapt and overcome a significant negative life experience. Organizations must take it upon themselves to identify significant changes in their employees and ensure they do their due diligence in evaluating the person in
The US Air Force’s mission to fly, fight, and win in air, space, and cyberspace is accomplished by over 300,000 enlisted and commissioned personnel enforcing and upholding all rules and regulations set by the Air Force Instruction and Uniform Code of Military Justice. From the way we dress to the way we perform in our jobs, on-duty or off-duty, on-base or off-base; everything is part of the whole picture.