Concept explainers
a.
To determine: The average rate of return.
Risk and Return:
The risk and return are two closely related terms. The risk is the uncertainty attached to an event. In case of any investment, there is some amount of risk attached to it as there can be either gain or loss. While return in the financial term is that percentage which represents the profit in an investment.
Higher risk is associated with higher return and lower risk has a probability of lower return. The investor has to face a tradeoff between risk and return in terms of an investment.
Annual Rate of Return:
The annual rate of return refers to that return which is charged or is earned on an investment for a year. This rate is expressed in percentage.
b.
To prepare: The standard deviation for the given data.
Standard deviation:
The standard deviation refers to the stand-alone risk associated with the securities. It measures how much a data is dispersed with its standard value. The Greek letter sigma represents the standard deviation.
c.
To determine: The coefficient of variation.
The coefficient of variation:
The coefficient of variation is a tool to determine the risk. It determines the risk per unit of return. It is used for measurement when the expected returns are same for two data.
d.
To prepare: A scatter diagram showing the company’s returns and the index returns.
e.
To determine: The beta of the B Industries and R Inc. by running regressions of their returns.
f.
To determine: The required returns of the two companies by security market line equation.
g.
To determine: The beta and the required return for a newly constructed portfolio.
h.
To determine: The new portfolio’s required return.
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Chapter 8 Solutions
Fundamentals of Financial Management (MindTap Course List)
- Use the extended DuPont equation to provide a breakdown of Computrons projected return on equity. How does the projection compare with the previous years and with the industrys DuPont equation?arrow_forwardConsider the following table of annual rates of return, in percentage, for four common risky assets over the time period 2010 to 2019 • Berkshire Hathaway (ticker: BRK/A) • S&P 500 Index (ticker: SPX) • NASDAQ 100 Index (ticker: NDX) • Russell 2000 Index (ticker: RUT) YEAR BRK/A SPX NDX RUT 2010 21.4 15.1 19.22 26.85 2011 -4.7 2.1 2.7 -4.18 2012 16.8 16 16.82 16.35 2013 32.7 32.4 34.99 38.82 2014 27 13.7 17.94 4.89 2015 -12.5 1.4 8.43 -4.41 2016 23.4 12 5.89 21.31 2017 21.9 21.8 31.52 14.65 2018 2.8 -4.4 -1.04 -11.01 2019 11 31.5 37.96 25.52 Now assume there is a risk-free asset available and the annual risk-free rate is 2%. Using mean-variance portfolio theory, determine the 4 portfolio weightings and the portfolio variance for the unique fund F defined by the tangent portfolio and the one-fund theorem. Note that the portfolio weights sum to 1 and short selling (negative weights) are permissible.arrow_forwardReview the excerpted table of historic returns shown below. The returns have all been annualized after having calculated monthly returns for the previous five years. In addition, information is provided about the average, the volatility, and the sensitivity of the possible investments. Time Period # Market Return Firm W Firm X Firm Y Firm Z T-Bill 1 0.333 0.191 0.218 0.955 0.601 0.035 2 -0.144 -0.423 -0.632 -0.747 -0.472 0.039 3 0.143 0.348 0.470 0.379 0.378 0.040 4 0.316 0.871 0.868 -0.192 0.502 0.036 5 0.178 0.912 0.499 0.694 0.364 0.036 6 -0.014 0.532 0.168 -0.671 -0.064 0.038 … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 59 0.374 0.556 1.014 0.023 0.698 0.037 60 0.173 0.547 0.092 0.658 0.222 0.036 Average Return 0.082 0.113 0.067 0.167 0.121 0.029 Standard…arrow_forward
- O Below is the stock price and dividend history for No-Cameras-Allowed Inc. (NCA), a company organizing Las Vegas retreats for investment banks. Stock Price (end-of-year) Dividend (paid during the year) Year 2019 90 180 18 2020 2021 120 6. a. Compute the annual return in 2020 and 2021. b. Compute the arithmetic average return over the 2019–2021 period. c. Compute the geometric average return over the 2019–2021 period. d. You buy 2,000 shares of NCA at the end of 2019 and hold them through the end of 2021. You reinvest any dividends received (i.e., you use the dividend proceeds to buy more shares of NCA). Except for reinvestment of dividends, you neither buy nor sell any shares before the end of 2021. Which average, arithmetic or geometric, better captures your investment performance over the 2019–2021 period? Please provide a brief explanation for your answer. B Focus MacBook Proarrow_forward1.) Given this return data, the average realized return on Blue Llama Mining Inc.’s stock is _______ . 2.) The preceding data series represents a sample of Blue Llama’s historical returns. Based on this conclusion, the standard deviation of Blue Llama’s historical returns is _______ . 3.) If investors expect the average realized return on Blue Llama Mining Inc.’s stock from 2016 to 2020 to continue into the future, its expected coefficient of variation (CV) is expected to equal _______ .arrow_forwardBartman Industries' and Reynolds Inc.'s stock prices and dividends, along with the Winslow 5000 Index, are shown here for the period 2015-2020. The Winslow 5000 data are adjusted to include dividends. Calculate the standard deviations of the returns for Bartman, Reynolds, and the Winslow 5000. (Hint: Use the sample standard deviation formula, STDEV function in Excel). Bartman Industries Reynolds Inc. Winslow 5000 Year Stock Price Dividend Holding period return Stock Price Dividend Holding period return Includes Divs. Holding period return 2020 $17.25 $1.15 $48.75 $3.00 11,663.98 2019 14.75 1.06 52.30 2.90 8,785.70 2018 16.50 1.00 48.75 2.75 8,679.98 2017 10.75 0.95 57.25 2.50 6,434.03 2016 11.37 0.90 60.00 2.25 5,602.28 2015 7.62 55.75 4,705.97arrow_forward
- Assume these are the stock market and Treasury bill returns for a 5-year period in the attached image: A. What was the risk premium on common stock in each year? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Enter your answers as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places.) Risk Premium 2013 % 2014 % 2015 % 2016 % 2017 % b. What was the average risk premium? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Enter your answer as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places.) c. What was the standard deviation of the risk premium? (Ignore that the estimation is from a sample of data.) (Do not round intermediate calculations. Enter your answer as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places.)arrow_forwardUse the price and dividend information in the following table for stock ABC to answer the following questions. a) Assuming dividends are fully reinvested (at the ex-div stock price), what is the geometric average annual return for an investment in stock ABC from 26/4/2017 to 31/12/2020? Give your answer as a discrete annual rate. b) What is the IRR of an investment in stock ABC from 26/4/2017 to 31/12/2020 assuming you do not reinvest dividends? Give your answer as an annual continuously compounding rate. c) What is the IRR of an investment in stock ABC from 26/4/2017 to 31/12/2020 assuming you do not reinvest dividends and you liquidate half of your shareholding on 31/12/2019 at a stock price of $34.22? Give your answer as an annual continuously compounding rate. I need Quality solution. U will get up vote for quality answerarrow_forwardReturns earned over a given time period are called realized returns. Historical data on realized returns is often used to estimate future results. Analysts across companies use realized stock returns to estimate the risk of a stock. Five years of realized returns for Celestial Crane Cosmetics Inc. (Crane Cosmetics) are given in the following table: 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Stock return 23.75% 16.15% 28.50% 39.90% 12.35% Also note that: 1. While Crane Cosmetics was started 40 years ago, its common stock has been publicly traded for the past 25 years. 2. The returns on Crane Cosmetics's equity are calculated as arithmetic returns. Given this return data, the average realized return on Celestial Crane Cosmetics Inc.’s stock is . The preceding data series represents of Crane Cosmetics’s historical returns. Based on this conclusion, the standard deviation of Crane Cosmetics’s historical returns is . If investors expect the…arrow_forward
- You have found the following historical information for the Daniela Company: Stock price EPS Year 1 $48.09 2.54 Target price Year 2 $ 64.22 2.60 Year 3 $ 62.94 2.77 Year 4 $65.62 2.76 Earnings are expected to grow at 9 percent for the next year. Using the company's historical average PE as a benchmark, what is the target stock price in one year? Note: Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answer to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.arrow_forwardThe company stock ticker symbol is PTC. Discuss the past performance of the stock (such as historical trading range). Illustrate with at least two charts of prices over time: one for long term (>= 1 year) and one for short term (<1 year). Also discuss briefly both the overall long term and short-term performance/price behavior.arrow_forwardMeasuring stand-alone risk using realized (historical) data Returns earned over a given time period are called realized returns. Historical data on realized returns is often used to estimate future results. Analysts across companies use realized stock returns to estimate the risk of a stock. Consider the case of Celestial Crane Cosmetics Inc. (CCC): Five years of realized returns for CCC are given in the following table. Remember: 1. While CCC was started 40 years ago, its common stock has been publicly traded for the past 25 years. 2. The returns on its equity are calculated as arithmetic returns. 3. The historical returns for CCC for 2014 to 2018 are: 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Stock return 25.00% 17.00% 30.00% 42.00% 13.00% Given the preceding data, the average realized return on CCC’s stock is . The preceding data series represents of CCC’s historical returns. Based on this conclusion, the standard deviation of CCC’s…arrow_forward
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