Principles of Biology
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781259875120
Author: Robert Brooker, Eric P. Widmaier Dr., Linda Graham Dr. Ph.D., Peter Stiling Dr. Ph.D.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 7, Problem 3CCQ
A principle of biology is that living organisms use energy. At the level of the biosphere, what is the role of photosynthesis in the utilization of energy by living organisms?
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Photosynthesis is the basis for food production on Planet Earth. To fill in the blanks
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Word Bank: Glucose, H₂O, O2, CO2, sunlight
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produce 1 molecule of
Describe the path of a carbon atom through the carbon cycle. Be sure to include the roles of photosynthesis and respiration in each explanation
a) Describe your journey starting as a CO2 molecule in the bottom layer dissolved in the water. Describe at least 3 transformations and the organisms involved.
b) Describe the journey starting as a molecule of CO2 in the "atmosphere" of the top layer of the bottle. Describe at least three transformations and the organisms involved.
c) How could your eco-columnbe used to model the greenhouse effect?
As the sun shines on Earth, plants use its energy to complete the process of photosynthesis. Energy is transformed during the process into chemical energy in the form of sugars, such as carbohydrates. However, the energy available at top consumers is much less than that produced by autotrophs. Why is this so?
Chapter 7 Solutions
Principles of Biology
Ch. 7.1 - Which types of organisms carry out cellular...Ch. 7.1 - Prob. 1BCCh. 7.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 7.1 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 7.1 - If you were traveling from the cytosol to the...Ch. 7.1 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 7.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 7.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 7.2 - What is the advantage of having different pigment...Ch. 7.2 - Prob. 4CC
Ch. 7.2 - Prob. 5CCCh. 7.2 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 7.2 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 7.2 - What is the purpose of cyclic...Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 7.3 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 7.3 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 7.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 7.4 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 7.4 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 7.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 7.5 - Prob. 1BCCh. 7.5 - What are the advantages and disadvantages for C3,...Ch. 7.5 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 7.5 - An evolutionary adaptation to minimize...Ch. 7 - The water necessary for photosynthesis is split...Ch. 7 - Prob. 2TYCh. 7 - Prob. 3TYCh. 7 - Prob. 4TYCh. 7 - During the first phase of the Calvin cycle, carbon...Ch. 7 - Prob. 6TYCh. 7 - Prob. 7TYCh. 7 - Prob. 8TYCh. 7 - Prob. 9TYCh. 7 - Plants commonly found in hot and dry environments...Ch. 7 - What are the two stages of photosynthesis? What...Ch. 7 - What is the function of NADPH in the Calvin cycle?Ch. 7 - A principle of biology is that living organisms...Ch. 7 - Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of being...Ch. 7 - Prob. 2CBQ
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- Photosynthesis is an endothermic reaction because it uses solar energy to build glucose molecules. Rubisco, an enzyme found in plants, is critical to this process. How does the presence of rubisco affect the change in free energy consumed or produced by the reactants and products? The presence of rubisco increases the free energy produced by the reactants, but the free energy consumed by glucose stays constant. The presence of rubisco increases the free energy consumed by glucose, but maintains the free energy produced by the initial reactants. The presence of rubisco decreases the energy required for activation in the transition state and increases the free energy consumed by glucose. The presence of rubisco decreases the energy required for activation in the transition state, but the change in the free energy of the reactants and products remains constant.arrow_forwardA student is creating a model of the carbon cycle on a poster for a project at school. The student has cellular respiration and decomposition as labeled processes, with both of them showing a release of carbon dioxide into t atmosphere. According to the teacher's expectations for the project, the student must model an equal number of processes that sequester carbon out of the atmosphere as well. Which components should the student add to refi the model to include carbon dioxide sequestration? Select ALL that apply. A) B) 9) D) E) the process of photosynthesis occurring in forest plants the process of carbon dioxide dissolution into the ocean water The process of wildfires burning as trees and plants undergo combustion the process of anaerobic digestion of organic materials in rice fields or cow stomachs the process of fossil fuel combustion as coal, oil, and natural gas is used for fuel in energy conversions The long-ago deposited plant and animal remains, now buried, have been…arrow_forwardPhotosynthesis and Cellular Respiration produce a molecule called NADP+ and NAD+, respectively. What is the purpose of NADP+ and NAD+? To breakdown glucose into smaller and smaller components. To make ATP (C) To collect free electrons and hydrogen ions. D) To drop off free electrons and hydrogen ionsarrow_forward
- What type of energy is available in ecosystems and the biosphere? Can this type of energy be used by humans to maintain the organization of our bodies? Can this type of energy be used by any kind of living thing? For what process?arrow_forwardDuring photosynthesis, low energy electrons are struck by light, bumped up to higher energy levels, and then incorporated into organic molecules. Where does the chloroplast or Cyanobacterium obtain these electrons? From carbon dioxide From sunlight From water From ATParrow_forwardLight is a form of electromagnetic energy. The electromagnetic spectrum is made of various forms of electromagnetic energy, such as x-rays, UV, and microwaves. Visible light is used in photosynthesis. What is visible light? How are energy and wavelength related to each other? The overall goal of photosynthesis is to make harness the energy of the sun and store it in the chemical bonds of “food.” In your own words describe the goals of the two sets of reactions of photosynthesis: a.The goal of the light reactions b. The goal of the Calvin cyclearrow_forward
- Photosynthesis is a complex process that has an important impact on your daily life and the ecosystem of the entire planet. Photosynthesis is the source for all of the carbon that builds the bodies of organisms and the energy that runs their bodies. Which of the following statements is correct? A. You are born with all the carbon atoms you need for your entire life. B. As you grow, you need to take in more carbon atoms.arrow_forwardPlease describe the processes and organelles of photosynthesis and cellular respiration. Explain how these are crucial for energy transformations in the biosphere. Using word and chemical equations, show how they are both part of the biological carbon cycle.arrow_forwardINTERPRETING DATA Scientists estimate that only 10 percent of the energy present at each level of the food chain is available to the next level. Scientists also estimate that only 1 percent of the light energy from the sun that reaches photosynthetic organisms is converted to chemical energy during photosynthesis. Use this information and the two food chains below to answer the questions that follow. Food chain A Human vegetarians Food chain B Human meat eaters Cattle Read each question, and write your answer in the space provided 1. Assume that 1 million kilocalories (kcal) of energy from the sun is available to the autotrophs in the food chains above. Determine the amount of energy that will be available at every level of each food chain.arrow_forward
- Explain the relationship between photosynthesis and respiration in the cycling of chemicals and flow of energy in ecosystems.arrow_forwardPhotosynthesis uses sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into high-energy. oxygen. ATP and oxygen. oxygen and glucosearrow_forwardChloroplasts contain chlorophyll and carotenoids. Chlorophyll directly absorbs light for use in photosynthesis. Carotenoids absorb light and transfer the energy from light to chlorophyll. The efficiency of photosynthesis varies with the wavelengths of the light that illuminates the chloroplasts. In an experiment to study the relationship between the incoming light wavelengths and the chemical reactions of photosynthesis using a species of green algae, a researcher labeled the CO2 supply to the algae with 14C, and the H2O with 18O. Which of the following results is expected? More 14C is found in the algae when it is illuminated by green light than when it is illuminated by blue-violet and red light. More 18O is found in the algae when it is illuminated by green light than when it is illuminated by blue-violet and red light. More 14C is found in the algae when it is illuminated by blue-violet and red light than when it is illuminated by green light. More 18O is found in the algae when…arrow_forward
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Photosynthesis & Respiration | Reactions | Chemistry | FuseSchool; Author: FuseSchool - Global Education;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3XIyweZg6Sw;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY