Organic Chemistry
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781305580350
Author: William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. Foote
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 4, Problem 4.14P
Which has the larger numerical value?
- (a) The pKa of a strong acid or the pKa of a weak acid
- (b) The Ka of a strong acid or the Ka of a weak acid
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The following scenes represent three weak acids HA(where AX, Y, or Z) dissolved in water (H₂O is not shown):(a) Rank the acids in order of increasing Kₐ. (b) Rank the acidsin order of increasing pKₐ. (c) Rank the conjugate bases in orderof increasing pK(b). (d) What is the percent dissociation of HX?(e) If equimolar amounts of the sodium salts of the acids (NaX,NaY, and NaZ) were dissolved in water, which solution wouldhave the highest pOH? The lowest pH?
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Chapter 4 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
Ch. 4.2 - For each conjugate acid-base pair, identify the...Ch. 4.2 - Write these reactions as proton-transfer...Ch. 4.2 - Following is a structural formula for guanidine,...Ch. 4.2 - Write an equation to show the proton transfer...Ch. 4.3 - For each value of Ka, calculate the corresponding...Ch. 4.4 - Predict the position of equilibrium and calculate...Ch. 4.5 - Calculate Keq for a reaction with G0 = 17.1 kJ/mol...Ch. 4.6 - Acid-Base Equilibria Many factors contribute to...Ch. 4.6 - What is the relative trend in acidity and pKa of...Ch. 4.7 - Write an equation for the reaction between each...
Ch. 4 - For each conjugate acid-base pair, identify the...Ch. 4 - Complete a net ionic equation for each...Ch. 4 - Arrange the compounds in each set in order of...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.12PCh. 4 - In acetic acid, CH3COOH, the OH hydrogen is more...Ch. 4 - Which has the larger numerical value? (a) The pKa...Ch. 4 - In each pair, select the stronger acid. (a)...Ch. 4 - Arrange the compounds in each set in order of...Ch. 4 - Arrange the compounds in each set in order of...Ch. 4 - If the G for a reaction is 4.5 kcal/mol at 298 K,...Ch. 4 - Calculate the Keq for the following reactions from...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.20PCh. 4 - Answer true or false to the following statements...Ch. 4 - In each of the following three reaction coordinate...Ch. 4 - The acid-base chemistry reaction of barium...Ch. 4 - Unless under pressure, carbonic acid (H2CO3) in...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.25PCh. 4 - Acetic acid, CH3COOH, is a weak organic acid, pKa...Ch. 4 - Benzoic acid, C6H5COOH (pKa 4.19), is only...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.28PCh. 4 - One way to determine the predominant species at...Ch. 4 - Will acetylene react with sodium hydride according...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.31PCh. 4 - For each equation, label the Lewis acid and the...Ch. 4 - Complete the equation for the reaction between...Ch. 4 - Each of these reactions can be written as a Lewis...Ch. 4 - The sec-butyl cation can react as both a...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.36APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.37APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.38APCh. 4 - Explain why the hydronium ion, H3O+, is the...Ch. 4 - What is the strongest base that can exist in...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.42APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.43APCh. 4 - Methyl isocyanate, CH3N=C=O, is used in the...Ch. 4 - Offer an explanation for the following...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.46APCh. 4 - Alcohols (Chapter 10) are weak organic acids, pKa...Ch. 4 - As we shall see in Chapter 19, hydrogens on a...Ch. 4 - 2,4-Pentanedione is a considerably stronger acid...Ch. 4 - Write an equation for the acid-base reaction...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.51APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.52APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.53APCh. 4 - Following is a structural formula for imidazole, a...
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- A very strong base can remove a proton from methylamine:arrow_forwardWhich has the larger numerical value? Q.) The pKa of a strong acid or the pKa of a weak acidarrow_forwardFor each value of pKa, calculate the corresponding value of Ka. Which compound is the stronger acid? Q.) carbonic acid, pKa = 6.36arrow_forward
- Consider two acids: HCO2H (formic acid, pKa = 3.8) and pivalic acid [(CH3)3CCO2H, pKa = 5.0]. (a) Which acid has the larger Ka? (b) Which acid is the stronger acid? (c) Which acid forms the stronger conjugate base? (d) When each acid is dissolved in water, for which acid does the equilibrium lie further to the right?arrow_forward(a) Given that Kb for ammonia is 1.8 x10-5 and that forhydroxylamine is 1.1 x 10-8, which is the stronger base?(b) Which is the stronger acid, the ammonium ion or thehydroxylammonium ion? (c) Calculate Ka values for NH4+and H3NOH+.arrow_forwardA weak acid has a pKa of 7.58. What is the proportion of A- to HA if pH is 9.42? Round to one decimal place Thank you!arrow_forward
- For an acid with a pKa of 5.00, what is the pKb of its conjugate base?arrow_forwardConsider two acids: HCO2H (formic acid, pKa = 3.8) and pivalic acid [(CH3)3CCO,H, pK = 5.0]. (a) Which acid has the larger K? (b) Which acid is the stronger acid? (c) Which acid forms the stronger conjugate base? (d) When each acid is dissolved in water, for which acid does the equilibrium lie further to the right? %3D The pKa values in Table 2.1 span a large range (-7 to 50). The pK, scale is logarithmic. small difference in pK, translates into a large numerical difference, For example, the diffe between the pK, of NH3 (38) and CH2=CH, (44) is six pKa units. This means that NH, is one million times more acidic than CH,=CH,.arrow_forwardThe ammonium ion (NH4 +, pKa = 9.25), has a lower pKa than the methylammonium ion (CH3NH3 +, pKa = 10.66) Which is the stronger base, ammonia (NH3) or methylamine (CH3NH2) ? Explainarrow_forward
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