Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Technology Update (No access codes included)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781305116399
Author: Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 34, Problem 34.59AP
One goal of the Russian space program is to illuminate dark northern cities with sunlight reflected to the Earth from a 200-m diameter mirrored surface in orbit. Several smaller prototypes have already been constructed and put into orbit. (a) Assume that sunlight with intensity 1 370 W/m2 falls on the mirror nearly perpendicularly and that the atmosphere of the Earth allows 74.6% of the energy of sunlight to pass though it in clear weather. What is the power received by a city when the space mirror is reflecting light to it? (b) The plan is for the reflected sunlight to cover a circle of diameter 8.00 km. What is the intensity of light (the average magnitude of the Poynting vector) received by the city? (c) This intensity is what percentage of the vertical component of sunlight at St. Petersburg in January, when the sun reaches an angle of 7.00° above the horizon at noon?
Expert Solution & Answer
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Students have asked these similar questions
A possible means of space flight is to place a perfectly reflecting aluminized sheet into orbit around the Earth and then use the light from the Sun to push this "solar sail." Suppose a sail of area A = 6.40 ✕ 105 m2 and mass m = 4,900 kg is placed in orbit facing the Sun. Ignore all gravitational effects and assume a solar intensity of 1,370 W/m2.
A) If the solar sail were initially in Earth orbit at an altitude of 360 km, show that a sail of this mass density could not escape Earth's gravitational pull regardless of size. (Calculate the magnitude of the gravitational field in m/s2.)
B) What would the mass density (in kg/m2) of the solar sail have to be for the solar sail to attain the same initial acceleration of 1193 µm/s2.
The power radiated by the sun is 3.9 × 1026 W. The earth orbits the sun in a nearly circular orbit of radius 1.5 × 1011 m. The earth's axis of rotation is tilted by 23.4° relative to the plane of the orbit (see the drawing), so sunlight does not strike the equator perpendicularly. What power strikes a 0.94-m2 patch of flat land at the equator at point Q?
A possible means of space flight is to place a perfectly reflecting aluminized sheet into orbit around the Earth and then use the light from the Sun to push this "solar sail." Suppose a sail of area A = 6.90 x 105 m2 and mass m = 5,000 kg is placed in orbit facing the Sun.
Ignore all gravitational effects and assume a solar intensity of 1,370 W/m?.
(a) What force (in N) is exerted on the sail? (Enter the magnitude.)
(b) What is the sail's acceleration? (Enter the magnitude in um/s2.)
|um/s?
(c) Assuming the acceleration calculated in part (b) remains constant, find the time interval (in days) required for the sail to reach the Moon, 3.84 x 10° m away, starting from rest at the Earth.
days
(d) What If? If the solar sail were initially in Earth orbit at an altitude of 400 km, show that a sail of this mass density could not escape Earth's gravitational pull regardless of size. (Calculate the magnitude of the gravitational field in m/s².)
m/s2
(e) What would the mass density (in kg/m2) of…
Chapter 34 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Technology Update (No access codes included)
Ch. 34 - Prob. 34.1QQCh. 34 - What is the phase difference between the...Ch. 34 - Prob. 34.3QQCh. 34 - Prob. 34.4QQCh. 34 - If the antenna in Figure 33.11 represents the...Ch. 34 - Prob. 34.6QQCh. 34 - A radio wave of frequency on the order of 105 Hz...Ch. 34 - A spherical interplanetary grain of dust of radius...Ch. 34 - Prob. 34.2OQCh. 34 - A typical microwave oven operates at a frequency...
Ch. 34 - Prob. 34.4OQCh. 34 - Prob. 34.5OQCh. 34 - Which of the following statements are true...Ch. 34 - Prob. 34.7OQCh. 34 - Prob. 34.8OQCh. 34 - An electromagnetic wave with a peak magnetic field...Ch. 34 - Prob. 34.10OQCh. 34 - Prob. 34.11OQCh. 34 - suppose a creature from another planet has eyes...Ch. 34 - Prob. 34.2CQCh. 34 - Prob. 34.3CQCh. 34 - List at least three differences between sound...Ch. 34 - If a high-frequency current exists in a solenoid...Ch. 34 - Prob. 34.6CQCh. 34 - Prob. 34.7CQCh. 34 - Do Maxwells equations allow for the existence of...Ch. 34 - Prob. 34.9CQCh. 34 - What does a radio wave do to the charges in the...Ch. 34 - Prob. 34.11CQCh. 34 - An empty plastic or glass dish being removed from...Ch. 34 - Prob. 34.13CQCh. 34 - Prob. 34.1PCh. 34 - Prob. 34.2PCh. 34 - Prob. 34.3PCh. 34 - An election moves through a uniform electric field...Ch. 34 - A proton moves through a region containing a...Ch. 34 - Prob. 34.6PCh. 34 - Suppose you are located 180 in from a radio...Ch. 34 - A diathermy machine, used in physiotherapy,...Ch. 34 - The distance to the North Star, Polaris, is...Ch. 34 - Prob. 34.10PCh. 34 - Review. A standing-wave pattern is set up by radio...Ch. 34 - Prob. 34.12PCh. 34 - The speed of an electromagnetic wave traveling in...Ch. 34 - A radar pulse returns to the transmitterreceiver...Ch. 34 - Figure P34.15 shows a plane electromagnetic...Ch. 34 - Verify by substitution that the following...Ch. 34 - Review. A microwave oven is powered by a...Ch. 34 - Why is the following situation impossible? An...Ch. 34 - ln SI units, the electric field in an...Ch. 34 - At what distance from the Sun is the intensity of...Ch. 34 - If the intensity of sunlight at the Earths surface...Ch. 34 - Prob. 34.22PCh. 34 - A community plans to build a facility to convert...Ch. 34 - Prob. 34.24PCh. 34 - Prob. 34.25PCh. 34 - Review. Model the electromagnetic wave in a...Ch. 34 - High-power lasers in factories are used to cut...Ch. 34 - Consider a bright star in our night sky. Assume...Ch. 34 - What is the average magnitude of the Poynting...Ch. 34 - Prob. 34.30PCh. 34 - Review. An AM radio station broadcasts...Ch. 34 - Prob. 34.32PCh. 34 - Prob. 34.33PCh. 34 - Prob. 34.34PCh. 34 - A 25.0-mW laser beam of diameter 2.00 mm is...Ch. 34 - A radio wave transmits 25.0 W/m2 of power per unit...Ch. 34 - Prob. 34.37PCh. 34 - Prob. 34.38PCh. 34 - A uniform circular disk of mass m = 24.0 g and...Ch. 34 - The intensity of sunlight at the Earths distance...Ch. 34 - Prob. 34.41PCh. 34 - Assume the intensity of solar radiation incident...Ch. 34 - A possible means of space flight is to place a...Ch. 34 - Extremely low-frequency (ELF) waves that can...Ch. 34 - A Marconi antenna, used by most AM radio stations,...Ch. 34 - A large, flat sheet carries a uniformly...Ch. 34 - Prob. 34.47PCh. 34 - Prob. 34.48PCh. 34 - Two vertical radio-transmitting antennas are...Ch. 34 - Prob. 34.50PCh. 34 - What are the wavelengths of electromagnetic waves...Ch. 34 - An important news announcement is transmitted by...Ch. 34 - In addition to cable and satellite broadcasts,...Ch. 34 - Classify waves with frequencies of 2 Hz, 2 kHz, 2...Ch. 34 - Assume the intensity of solar radiation incident...Ch. 34 - In 1965, Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson discovered...Ch. 34 - The eye is most sensitive to light having a...Ch. 34 - Prob. 34.58APCh. 34 - One goal of the Russian space program is to...Ch. 34 - A microwave source produces pulses of 20.0GHz...Ch. 34 - The intensity of solar radiation at the top of the...Ch. 34 - Prob. 34.62APCh. 34 - Consider a small, spherical particle of radius r...Ch. 34 - Consider a small, spherical particle of radius r...Ch. 34 - A dish antenna having a diameter of 20.0 m...Ch. 34 - The Earth reflects approximately 38.0% of the...Ch. 34 - Review. A 1.00-m-diameter circular mirror focuses...Ch. 34 - Prob. 34.68APCh. 34 - Prob. 34.69APCh. 34 - You may wish to review Sections 16.4 and 16.8 on...Ch. 34 - Prob. 34.71APCh. 34 - Prob. 34.72APCh. 34 - Prob. 34.73APCh. 34 - Prob. 34.74APCh. 34 - Prob. 34.75APCh. 34 - Prob. 34.76CPCh. 34 - A linearly polarized microwave of wavelength 1.50...Ch. 34 - Prob. 34.78CPCh. 34 - Prob. 34.79CP
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- A uniform circular disk of mass m = 24.0 g and radius r = 40.0 cm hangs vertically from a fixed, frictionless, horizontal hinge at a point on its circumference as shown in Figure P34.39a. A beam of electromagnetic radiation with intensity 10.0 MW/m2 is incident on the disk, in a direction perpendicular to its surface. The disk is perfectly absorbing, and the resulting radiation pressure makes the disk rotate. Assuming the radiation is always perpendicular to the surface of the disk, find the angle through which the disk rotates from the vertical as it reaches its new equilibrium position shown in Figure 34.39b. Figure 34.39arrow_forwardWhat is the intensity of an electromagnetic wave with a peak electric field strength of 125 Vim?arrow_forwardThe electric part of an electromagnetic wave is given by E(x, t) = 0.75 sin (0.30x t) V/m in SI units. a. What are the amplitudes Emax and Bmax? b. What are the angular wave number and the wavelength? c. What is the propagation velocity? d. What are the angular frequency, frequency, and period?arrow_forward
- One goal of the Russian space program is to illuminate dark northern cities with sunlight reflected to the Earth from a 200 m diameter mirrored surface in orbit. Several smaller prototypes have already been constructed and put into orbit. (a) Assume that sunlight with intensity 1340 W/m² falls on the mirror nearly perpendicularly and that the atmosphere of the Earth allows 85.5% of the energy of sunlight to pass though it in clear weather. What is the power received by a city when the space mirror is reflecting light to it? W (b) The plan is for the reflected sunlight to cover a circle of diameter 8.00 km. What is the intensity of light (the average magnitude of the Poynting vector) received by the city? W/m² (c) This intensity is what percentage of the vertical component of sunlight at St. Petersburg in winter, when the sun reaches an angle of 8.00° above the horizon at noon? %arrow_forwardA community plans to build a facility to convert solar radiation to electrical power. The community requires 2.60 MW of power, and the system to be installed has an efficiency of 30.0% (that is, 30.0% of the solar energy incident on the surface is converted to useful energy that can power the community). Assuming sunlight has a constant intensity of 1 200 W/m2, what must be the effective area of a perfectly absorbing surface used in such an installation?arrow_forwardSunlight reaches the ground with an intensity of about 1.0 kW/m2 . A sunbather has a body surface area of 0.8 m2 facing the sun while reclining on a beach chair on a clear day. (a) how much energy from direct sunlight reaches the sunbather’s skin per second? (b) What pressure does the sunlight exert if it is absorbed?arrow_forward
- The intensity of solar radiation that falls on a detector on Earth is 1.00 kW/m2. The detector is a square that measures 5.11 m on a side and the normal to its surface makes an angle of 30.0° with respect to the Sun’s radiation. How long will it take for the detector to measure 424 kJ of energy?arrow_forwardThe average intensity of sunlight on Earth’s surface is about 700 W/m2. (a) Calculate the amount of energy that falls on a solar collector having an area of 0.500 m2 in 4.00 h. (b) What intensity would such sunlight have if concentrated by a magnifying glass onto an area 200 times smaller than its own?arrow_forwardNASA is giving serious consideration to the concept of solar sailing. A solar sailcraft uses a large, low-mass sail and the energy and momentum of sunlight for propulsion. (a) Should the sail be absorbing or reflective? Why? (b) The total power output of the sun is 3.9 x 1026 W. How large a sail is necessary to propel a 10,000 kg spacecraft against the gravitational force of the sun? Express your result in square kilometers. (c) Explain why your answer to part (b) is independent of the distance from the sun.arrow_forward
- Light with an intensity of (5.4x10^0) kW/m² falls normally on a surface and is completely reflected. What is the radiation pressure in μPa. Use two significant figures for your answer. Note: Your answer is assumed to be reduced to the highest power possible.arrow_forwardCh 24, Problem 31 The power radiated by the sun is 3.9 × 1026 W. The earth orbits the sun in a nearly circular orbit of radius 1.5 × 1011 m. The earth's axis of rotation is tilted by 23.4° relative to the plane of the orbit (see the drawing), so sunlight does not strike the equator perpendicularly. What power strikes a 0.72-m2 patch of flat land at the equator at point Q?arrow_forwardThe power radiated by the sun is 3.9 × 1026 W. The earth orbits the sun in a nearly circular orbit of radius 1.5 × 10¹¹ m. The earth's axis of rotation is tilted by 23.4° relative to the plane of the orbit (see the drawing), so sunlight does not strike the equator perpendicularly. What power strikes a 0.58-m² patch of flat land at the equator at point Q? Number Units Sunlight Axis of rotation Equator 23.4arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...PhysicsISBN:9781133939146Author:Katz, Debora M.Publisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Technology ...PhysicsISBN:9781305116399Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based TextPhysicsISBN:9781133104261Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...
Physics
ISBN:9781133939146
Author:Katz, Debora M.
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Technology ...
Physics
ISBN:9781305116399
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text
Physics
ISBN:9781133104261
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
What Are Electromagnetic Wave Properties? | Physics in Motion; Author: GPB Education;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ftyxZBxBexI;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY