Biological Science (7th Edition)
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780134678320
Author: Scott Freeman, Kim Quillin, Lizabeth Allison, Michael Black, Greg Podgorski, Emily Taylor, Jeff Carmichael
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 32, Problem 9TYPSS
Consider the evolution of protostomes (Chapter 31) and deuterostomes (this chapter): (1) Compare adaptations in protostomes and deuterostomes for living on land. (2) Recall that changes in the expression patterns of tool-kit genes in arthropods such as insects enabled a dramatic diversification of their segmented appendages and bodies. Design an experiment to test whether this concept applies to vertebrates.
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Pharyngeal slits are which of the following?
Question 24 options:
a)
Openings in the pharynx. In aquatic chordates they allow for exit of water that enters the mouth.
b)
Elongations of the posterior portion of the body. Use for locomotion in fish, or balance in some terrestrial vertebrates.
c)
Flexible, rod-shaped structures that grows from mesoderm. Gives support to an animal in embryonic development of chordates or for entire life depending on the species.
d)
Tissues that produces thyroid type hormones.
e)
Hollow tubes that develops from ectoderm. Develops into the central nervous system.
On a deep sea expedition, you capture a previously undiscovered sea creature that appears to represent a new phyla. It happens to have fertilized eggs that you get to spawn. You watch its development to determine which group of animals it might belong to. You see that the mouth develops first, and it goes through several larval stages in which it molts and regrows its skeleton.
What other traits is it likely to have based on this type of development
Radial symmetry
Coelem
Central Nervous System
Two germ layers
present yes or no for each
part i Animal phylogenies based on molecular and morphological characters can be different in regards to the placement of the phylum Platyhelminthes. What is the best explanation for this?choose 1
a.
The Platyhelminthes clade separated from other clades before coeloms evolved and consequently Platyhelminthes have never had a coelom.
b.
Some Platyhelminthes have a coelom, but others do not and it is difficult to conclude anything about its evolution within the clade.
c.
Platyhelminthes originated from ancestors with a coelom and have retained it to the present time.
d.
Modern Platyhelminthes do not have a coelom but did originate from an ancestor that had one.
e.
Platyhelminthes evolved from an ancestor without a coelom but developed one during the course of their evolution.
part ii
If current molecular phylogenies of land plants are correct and to be believed they suggest that. Choose 1
a.
the Zygnematales and land plants adapted to the same environmental…
Chapter 32 Solutions
Biological Science (7th Edition)
Ch. 32 - 2. What trait(s) define(s) the vertebrates?
a....Ch. 32 - Most species of hominins are known only from...Ch. 32 - 7. There is some evidence that pharyngeal slits...Ch. 32 - 9. Consider the evolution of protostomes (Chapter...Ch. 32 - Prob. 11PIATCh. 32 - Evolution often results in the co-option of a...
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- Describe the following general characteristics can be used to distinguish among Animal phyla: a. Embryonic germ layers b. Digestive system c. Presence/absence of body cavity (coelom) d. Skeletal supportarrow_forwardWhich of the following features does not distinguish humans as a member of phylum Chordata? a. Human embryos undergo indeterminate cleavage. b. A spinal cord runs along an adult human’s dorsal side. c. Human embryos exhibit pharyngeal arches and gill slits. d. The human coccyx forms from an embryonic tail.arrow_forwardA) Draw a phylogenetic tree for the major phyla of the animal kingdom. Label the appropriate branch points on the tree with the following features: Tissue, radial symmetry, bilateral symmetry, body cavity, deuterostomes, and protostomes. B). Draw a diagram of a hydra. On the hydra, label the mouth (hypostome), tentacles, basal disk, ovary, budding polyp, gastrovascular cavity. State the function of each structure you labeled next to or under your diagram.arrow_forward
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