Physics
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781260486919
Author: GIAMBATTISTA
Publisher: MCG
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 29, Problem 60P
To determine
The energy released in the proton-proton cycle.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Assume that the protons in a hot ball of protons each have a kinetic energy equal to kT, where k is the Boltzmann constant and T is the absolute temperature. If T = 1 * 10^7 K, what (approximately) is the least separation any two protons can have?
If the mass of the electron neutrino is 2.2 eV/c2, what is the lowest temperature at which it could be formed from thermal interactions? What if its mass is 10-4 eV?
The power output of the Sun is 4×10^26 W. (a) If 90% of this energy is supplied by the proton-proton chain, how many protons are consumed per second? (b) How many neutrinos per second should there be per square meter at the surface of Earth from this process?
Only part (b) is needed.
Chapter 29 Solutions
Physics
Ch. 29.1 - Prob. 29.1CPCh. 29.1 - Prob. 29.1PPCh. 29.1 - Prob. 29.2PPCh. 29.1 - Prob. 29.3PPCh. 29.2 - Prob. 29.4PPCh. 29.3 - Prob. 29.5PPCh. 29.3 - Prob. 29.6PPCh. 29.3 - Prob. 29.7PPCh. 29.4 - Prob. 29.4CPCh. 29.4 - Prob. 29.8PP
Ch. 29.4 - Practice Problem 29.9 The Age of Ötzi
In 1991, a...Ch. 29.4 - Prob. 29.10PPCh. 29.5 - Prob. 29.11PPCh. 29.6 - Prob. 29.6CPCh. 29.6 - Prob. 29.12PPCh. 29.7 - Prob. 29.13PPCh. 29.8 - Prob. 29.14PPCh. 29 - Prob. 1CQCh. 29 - Prob. 2CQCh. 29 - Prob. 3CQCh. 29 - Prob. 4CQCh. 29 - Prob. 5CQCh. 29 - Prob. 6CQCh. 29 - Prob. 7CQCh. 29 - Prob. 8CQCh. 29 - Prob. 9CQCh. 29 - Prob. 10CQCh. 29 - Prob. 11CQCh. 29 - Prob. 12CQCh. 29 - Prob. 13CQCh. 29 - Prob. 14CQCh. 29 - Prob. 1MCQCh. 29 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 29 - Prob. 3MCQCh. 29 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 29 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 29 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 29 - Prob. 7MCQCh. 29 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 29 - Prob. 9MCQCh. 29 - Prob. 10MCQCh. 29 - Prob. 1PCh. 29 - Prob. 2PCh. 29 - Prob. 3PCh. 29 - Prob. 4PCh. 29 - Prob. 5PCh. 29 - Prob. 6PCh. 29 - Prob. 7PCh. 29 - Prob. 8PCh. 29 - Prob. 9PCh. 29 - Prob. 10PCh. 29 - Prob. 11PCh. 29 - Prob. 12PCh. 29 - Prob. 13PCh. 29 - Prob. 14PCh. 29 - Prob. 15PCh. 29 - Prob. 16PCh. 29 - Prob. 17PCh. 29 - Prob. 18PCh. 29 - Prob. 19PCh. 29 - Prob. 20PCh. 29 - Prob. 21PCh. 29 - Prob. 22PCh. 29 - Prob. 23PCh. 29 - Prob. 24PCh. 29 - Prob. 25PCh. 29 - Prob. 26PCh. 29 - Prob. 27PCh. 29 - Prob. 28PCh. 29 - Prob. 29PCh. 29 - Prob. 30PCh. 29 - Prob. 31PCh. 29 - Prob. 32PCh. 29 - Prob. 33PCh. 29 - Prob. 34PCh. 29 - Prob. 35PCh. 29 - Prob. 36PCh. 29 - Prob. 37PCh. 29 - Prob. 38PCh. 29 - Prob. 39PCh. 29 - Prob. 40PCh. 29 - Prob. 41PCh. 29 - Prob. 42PCh. 29 - Prob. 43PCh. 29 - Prob. 44PCh. 29 - Prob. 45PCh. 29 - Prob. 46PCh. 29 - Prob. 47PCh. 29 - Prob. 48PCh. 29 - Prob. 49PCh. 29 - Prob. 50PCh. 29 - Prob. 52PCh. 29 - Prob. 51PCh. 29 - Prob. 53PCh. 29 - Prob. 54PCh. 29 - Prob. 55PCh. 29 - Prob. 56PCh. 29 - Prob. 57PCh. 29 - Prob. 58PCh. 29 - Prob. 59PCh. 29 - Prob. 60PCh. 29 - Prob. 61PCh. 29 - Prob. 62PCh. 29 - Prob. 63PCh. 29 - Prob. 64PCh. 29 - Prob. 65PCh. 29 - Prob. 66PCh. 29 - Prob. 67PCh. 29 - Prob. 68PCh. 29 - Prob. 69PCh. 29 - Prob. 70PCh. 29 - Prob. 71PCh. 29 - Prob. 72PCh. 29 - Prob. 73PCh. 29 - Prob. 74PCh. 29 - Prob. 75PCh. 29 - Prob. 76PCh. 29 - Prob. 77PCh. 29 - Prob. 78PCh. 29 - Prob. 79PCh. 29 - Prob. 80PCh. 29 - Prob. 81PCh. 29 - Prob. 82PCh. 29 - Prob. 83PCh. 29 - Prob. 84PCh. 29 - Prob. 85PCh. 29 - Prob. 86PCh. 29 - Prob. 87PCh. 29 - Prob. 88PCh. 29 - Prob. 89PCh. 29 - Prob. 90PCh. 29 - Prob. 91PCh. 29 - Prob. 92PCh. 29 - Prob. 93PCh. 29 - Prob. 94P
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- The power output of the Sun is 41026 W. (a) If 90% of this energy is supplied by the proton-proton chain, how many protons are consumed per second? (b) How many neutrinos per second should there be per square meter at the surface of Earth from this process?arrow_forwardThe power output of the Sun is 41026W. (a) If 90% of this is supplied by the protonproton cycle, how many protons are consumed per second? (b) How many neutrinos per second should there be per square meter at the Earth from this process? This huge number is indicative of how rarely a neutrino interacts, since large detectors observe very few per day.arrow_forward. If the average lifetime of a proton was 1033 years, about how many protons would you have to assemble together and observe simultaneously to witness a total of 100 proton decays in one year? Explain the reasoning that led to your conclusion.arrow_forward
- Check Your Understanding Where does the energy from the Sun originate?arrow_forwardShow that the total energy released in the proton- proton chain is 26.7 MeV, considering the overall effect in 1H+1H2H+e++ve , 1H+2H3He+ , and 3He+3He4He+1H+1H. Be sure to include the annihilation energy.arrow_forward7) If the mass of the electron neutrino is 10-4 eV/c 2, what is the lowest temperature at which it could be formed from thermal interactions?arrow_forward
- 3 a) The three neutrino mass eigenstates are labelled m1, m2 and m3. Experiments have determined that Am² = m² – mị = 7.5 x 10-5 eV² and |Am22| = |m3 – m3| 2.5 x 10-3 eV². Calculate the smallest possible values of mı, m2 and m3 for: (i) the normal mass hierarchy. (ii) the inverted mass hierarchy. b) When L is expressed in km, E, in GeV and Am2 in eV², the two-flavour mixing formula for the probability of a v neutrino appearing a distance L later as a ve neutrino is Am²[eV*] L[km] E„[GeV] P(v, → v.) = sin²(20) sin? ( 1.27 where 0 is the neutrino mixing angle, Am² is the difference in the squared masses of the neutrino eigenstates and E, is the neutrino energy. The terms in square brackets denote the parameters' units. Assuming E, = 1.3 GeV, Am² = 2.5x10-3 eV² and sin 0 = /3/2, sketch P(v, → ve) and P(v → vµ) as a function of L in the range 0< L[km] < 3000. %3D For a long baseline experiment designed to detect muon-neutrinos with the param- eters E, distance L where the muon-neutrino…arrow_forwardHow much energy would be released if six protons and six neutrons were combined to form C-12? (Note: Particle masses: proton mass = 938.272MeV/c², neutron mass = 939.565MeV/c², and C-12 nucleus mass= 11175MeV/c². Energy released : = MeV.arrow_forwardWhat fraction of the total energy released goes into the kinetic energy of the proton? Express your answer as a percentage. Kp/Ktot=arrow_forward
- An Erbium-166 nucleus contains 68 protons. The atomic mass of a neutral Erbium-166 atom is 165.930u, where u = 931.5 MeV/c². In this question you may use that the mass of a proton is 938.27 MeV/c², the mass of a neutron is 939.57 MeV/e² and the mass of an electron is 0.511 MeV/c². i. Calculate the nuclear binding energy per nucleon, giving your answer in units of MeV. ii. Electrons with an energy of 0.5 GeV are scattered off the nucleus. Estimate the scattering angle of the first minimum in the resulting diffraction pattern. iii. Briefly comment on whether or not you expect this nucleus to be spherical, and what consequence this has for excited states of the nucleus in the collective model.arrow_forwardName Date Class 3-4 Apply The Carbon-Nitrogen Cycle Hydrogen nuclei are involved in a process known as the carbon-nitrogen cycle. The six reactions in this decay series are presented below. The net result of the carbon-nitrogen cycle is that four hydrogen atoms are combined to produce one helium atom. Reactions 2 and 5 involve decay particles called positrons ( e ). Positrons are essentially positively charged beta particles. Reaction 1: H + "C → Reaction 2: + Reaction 3: H + → "N + y Reaction 4: H + - "0+ y Reaction 5: +e Reaction 6: H + "N - + He+y Use your knowledge of radioactive decay to fill in the missing parts of each nuclear equation above. Which type of radioactive particle was emitted by the following isotopes? a. N b. N In the cycle, what happens to the nitrogen-13 nuclei produced in the first reaction? What happens to the atom produced in the sixth reaction?arrow_forwardA 50 grams in radionuclide decays 45 grams in 240 years. What is the halflife of the radionuclide? If the energy of the hydrogen atom is -13.6 eV/n2, determine the energy of the hydrogen atom in the state n= 1,2,3,4,5 and hence the energy required to transition an atom from the ground state to n=5? [ 1eV = 16 x10-19 J , h = ]arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
University Physics Volume 3PhysicsISBN:9781938168185Author:William Moebs, Jeff SannyPublisher:OpenStax
Modern PhysicsPhysicsISBN:9781111794378Author:Raymond A. Serway, Clement J. Moses, Curt A. MoyerPublisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based TextPhysicsISBN:9781133104261Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern ...PhysicsISBN:9781337553292Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
College PhysicsPhysicsISBN:9781938168000Author:Paul Peter Urone, Roger HinrichsPublisher:OpenStax College
University Physics Volume 3
Physics
ISBN:9781938168185
Author:William Moebs, Jeff Sanny
Publisher:OpenStax
Modern Physics
Physics
ISBN:9781111794378
Author:Raymond A. Serway, Clement J. Moses, Curt A. Moyer
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text
Physics
ISBN:9781133104261
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern ...
Physics
ISBN:9781337553292
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
College Physics
Physics
ISBN:9781938168000
Author:Paul Peter Urone, Roger Hinrichs
Publisher:OpenStax College