Organic Chemistry (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134042282
Author: Paula Yurkanis Bruice
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Question
Chapter 27, Problem 33P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The products formed in the two flasks should be explained after the given experiment.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
A chemist carried out two polymerization reactions. One flask contained a monomer that polymerizes by a chain-growth mechanism, and the other flask contained a monomer that polymerizes by a step-growth mechanism. When the reactions were terminated early in the process and the contents of the flasks analyzed, it was found that one flask contained a high-molecular-weight polymer and very little material of intermediate molecular weight. The other contained mainly material of intermediate molecular weight and very little high-molecular-weight material. Which flask contained which product? Explain
What is the fraction of monomers (p) that have been used in a stepwise polymerisation reaction if the reaction solution started with a monomer concentration of 1.58 mol L-1 and now has a concentration of 0.231 mol L-1?
In a free - radical polymerization of styrene in solution at 600C, carbon tetrabromide was used as a
chain transfer agent. The initial concentrations of styrene and CBr4 were 1 mol/L and 0.01 mol/L,
respectively. In 1 h, these concentrations dropped to 0.85 mol/L and 0.007 mol/L, respectively. What
is the chain transfer constant CS for styrene/CBr4? (Neglect chain transfer to monomer, initiator, and
solvent.)
Chapter 27 Solutions
Organic Chemistry (8th Edition)
Ch. 27.3 - Prob. 1PCh. 27.3 - Prob. 2PCh. 27.3 - Prob. 3PCh. 27.3 - Prob. 4PCh. 27.3 - Prob. 5PCh. 27.3 - Prob. 6PCh. 27.4 - Prob. 7PCh. 27.5 - Rank the following groups of monomers from most...Ch. 27.5 - Why does methyl methacrylate not undergo cationic...Ch. 27.6 - Prob. 10P
Ch. 27.6 - Explain why, when propylene oxide undergoes...Ch. 27.6 - Which monomer and which type of initiator can you...Ch. 27.6 - Prob. 13PCh. 27.8 - Draw a short segment of gutta-percha.Ch. 27.8 - Prob. 15PCh. 27.11 - Prob. 16PCh. 27.11 - Write an equation that explains what happens if a...Ch. 27.11 - What happens to polyester slacks if aqueous NaOH...Ch. 27.11 - a. Propose a mechanism for the formation of the...Ch. 27.11 - Explain why, when a small amount of glycerol is...Ch. 27.12 - Propose a mechanism for the formation of melmac.Ch. 27.12 - Prob. 22PCh. 27.13 - Prob. 23PCh. 27 - Draw short segments of the polymers obtained from...Ch. 27 - Prob. 25PCh. 27 - Prob. 26PCh. 27 - Draw the structure of the monomer or monomers used...Ch. 27 - Prob. 28PCh. 27 - Draw short segments of the polymers obtained from...Ch. 27 - Quiana is a synthetic fabric that feels very much...Ch. 27 - Prob. 31PCh. 27 - Prob. 32PCh. 27 - Prob. 33PCh. 27 - Poly(vinyl alcohol) is a polymer used to make...Ch. 27 - Five different repeating units are found in the...Ch. 27 - Prob. 37PCh. 27 - A particularly strong and rigid polyester used for...Ch. 27 - Prob. 39PCh. 27 - Which Monomer gives a greater yield of polymer,...Ch. 27 - Prob. 41PCh. 27 - Prob. 42PCh. 27 - Why do vinyl raincoats become brittle as they get...Ch. 27 - The polymer shown below is synthesized by...Ch. 27 - Prob. 45PCh. 27 - How can head-to-head poly(vinyl bromide) be...Ch. 27 - Delrin (polyoxymethylene) is a tough...
Knowledge Booster
Similar questions
- Research in the “unzipping” of poly(vinyl chloride) indicates that certain defects in the polymer contribute to the rate of unzipping. These defects are arrangements of atoms that are different from the arrangements in the repeating unit shown in the condensed formula. Researchers have found that defects involving allylic chlorides and tertiary chlorides, specifically, promote the reaction. Review the mechanism for the unzipping and explain this observation.arrow_forwardPolymers prepared by condensation polymerization are usually of high molecular weights, but the student has been finding difficulties to produce a high molecular weight polymer using this technique in the lab. Give two reasons why this might be the case.arrow_forwardMethyl methacrylate (or methyl 2-methylpropenoate in proper IUPAC nomenclature) is the starting material for the syntheses of poly(methyl methacrylate), also known as PMMA. The monomer is expressed as CH2=CH- COOCH3. Calculate the molecular weight of PMMA for which the degree of polymerization, n, is 5112. Express your answer in kilograms per mole. 0.10012 0.10012 Calculate the approximate stretched-out chain length of one of the chains, taking the C-C bond length to be 1.54 angstroms and ignoring the large side group's effect. Express your answer in microns. 45 45arrow_forward
- Show the differences between the chain-growth and step-growth mechanisms of polymerization.arrow_forwardUse mechanisms to show how monomers polymerize under acidic, basic, orfree-radical conditions. For chain-growth polymerization, determine whether the reactive end is more stable as a cation (acidic conditions), anion (basic conditions), or free radical (radical initiator). For step-growth polymerization, consider the mechanism of the condensation.arrow_forwardIn an end-group analysis of a polyester sample prepared from 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, the acid number was found to be 12.4 when it was titrated with standard potassium hydroxide, KOH. Determine the average degree of polymerization of this polyester sample. Given that the molecular weight of KOH= 56.1 g/mol and the molecular weight of the repeating unit of this polyester is 120 g/mol. Determine the osmotic pressure in milliliters of water at 25 °C for a 0.8 % (w/v) aqueous polymer sample solution at 5000 g/mol and 100,000 g/mol respectively. Ignore the nonideality of the solution. Comment on the effectivity. of this measurement technique. [Given that, gas constant, R = 8.3145 J mol¹¹ K-¹]arrow_forward
- Provide the mechanism for the step-growth polymerization of citric acid and ethylene glycol to form poly (ethylene glycol)-citrate. Show all steps.arrow_forwardStyrene can autoinitiate free radical polymerization and form polystyrene in the absence of an initiator. At temperatures >100 °C, radicals form due to homolysis of the T bond in the vinyl group. In the study of this reaction, researchers have found 1,2-diphenylcyclobutane in samples of heated styrene. The following mechanism for the formation of 1,2-diphenylcyclobutane has been proposed: Step 1: Homolysis of the vinyl T bond in a styrene molecule Step 2: Homolysis of the vinyl T bond in a second styrene molecule Step 3: Tail-to-tail addition of the radicals from Steps 1 and 2 Step 4: Radical coupling of the diradical formed in Step 3 (a) Use curved arrow notation to show the steps in this mechanism. (b) Are the steps in this mechanism consistent with those for free radical polymerization? (c) Why is the use of an initiator such as benzoyl peroxide more efficient in the synthesis of polystyrene than autoinitiated polymerization?arrow_forwardAddition (chain-growth) polymerization reactions often terminate by combination or disproportionation. However, there is another class of deactivation reactions, called chain transfer reactions, which are usually relevant to the final degree of polymerization (dp). How might you expect the dp of a polymerization reaction deactivated by chain transfer compare/contrast with polymerizations terminated by combination or disproportionation?arrow_forward
- d) Early in the polymerization at lower conversion of the MVK monomer, the polymer chains formed are primarily linear. However, close to the end of the reaction, as most of the monomer is consumed, branched polymers may start to appear. Propose a possible rationale for the formation of branched polymer structures (hint: consider the types of termination reactions that may compete with polymerization when only little monomer is still present). 로 3 3 linear vs. branchedarrow_forwardd) Provide the structure for the chain end group X that would result from chain termination through the following termination mechanism: • Disproportionation: Structure of X = • Chain end radical recombination: Structure of X = • Hydrogen abstraction: Structure of X = d) Early in the polymerization at lower conversion of the MVK monomer, the polymer chains formed are primarily linear. However, close to the end of the reaction, as most of the monomer is consumed, branched polymers may start to appear. Propose a possible rationale for the formation of branched polymer structures (hint: consider the types of termination reactions that may compete with polymerization when only little monomer is still present). 32 linear vs. branchedarrow_forwardDiscuss the effects of solvent polarity in the anionic polymerizations of (a) styrene initiated with sodium naphthalenide and (b) 1,3-butadiene initiated with n-butyllithiumarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Principles of Modern ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305079113Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. ButlerPublisher:Cengage Learning
Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: Principles and PracticeChemistryISBN:9780534420123Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward MercerPublisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Modern Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305079113
Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. Butler
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Organic Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305580350
Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. Foote
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: Principles and Practice
Chemistry
ISBN:9780534420123
Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward Mercer
Publisher:Cengage Learning