Interpretation:
The structural isomer, chirality and systematic name should be identified for the given formula of
Concept introduction:
Isomer: Molecule has same molecular formula but different structural arrangement is called isomer.
Chiral: Absence of a plane of symmetry or a center of symmetry is called chiral molecule, a non-superimposable on its mirror image is called chiral. A carbon atom is attached by the four different groups is called chiral carbon.
Achiral: Presence of a plane of symmetry or a center of symmetry is called achiral molecule, a superimposable on its mirror image is called achiral. A carbon atom does not have four different groups is called achiral carbon
Geometric isomerism (also known as E-Z isomerism or cis-trans isomerism): same molecular formula but different arrangement in the space. These isomers happen where you have restricted rotation in a molecule (double bond in the molecule). The
Organic compounds are named systematically by using IUPAC rules.
Name of the organic compounds are given according to the number of carbon present in the molecule for example
A molecule having one carbon atom, the molecule name will start with meth etc.…
If any halogens are present in the molecule, the name of the halogens as follows.
Naming the substituted
- (1) Name the parent alkane (long alkyl chain)
- (2) Number the carbon
- (3) Name and number the substituent
If the molecules have the multiple substituents, the compound named as di, tri, tetra, penta, ect.
If the molecules having functional group, the name of the compound is given below. Numbering should be starts from the functional group of the given molecule.
The given compound is an alcohol
Example is given below
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Chemistry
- There are 17 possible alkene isomers with the formula C6H12. Draw structures of the five isomers in which the longest chain has six carbon atoms, and give the name of each. Are any of these isomers chiral? (There are also eight isomers in which the longest chain has five carbon atoms, and four isomers in which the longest chain has four carbon atoms. How many can you find?)arrow_forward2-bromopentane is an optically active compound. Draw the two possible structures of optical isomer and label the chiral center with an asterisk (*) in each of the optical isomer structure.arrow_forwardFor example, alanine is a chiral amino acid that has two enantiomers: (+)-alanine and (-)-alanine. These two are optical isomers. NH2 NH2 4. One of the most important properties of chiral molecules in solution is their effect on plane- polarized light, this effect is called optical activity. -C H 2 COOH HOOC CH When an enantiomer rotates a plane-polarized light in the positive direction or clockwise, it is dextrorotary (+ or d), while for a negative direction or counterclockwise, it is levorotary (- or l) (+)-Alanine (-)-Alanine Alanine is a chiral amino acid that has two enantiomers: (+)-alanine and ()-alanine. These two are optical isomers.arrow_forward
- What is isomer? Name by typing the isomers of the compound whose closed formula is C4H9Cl. Which of these isomers can have chiral structure. Examine it from a stereochemical point of view.arrow_forwardGlucose, C6H12O6, contains an aldehyde group but exist predominantly in the form of the cyclic hemiacetal show below. A cyclic hemiacetal is formed when the —OH group of one carbon bonds to the carbonyl group of another carbon. Identify which carbon provides the —OH group and which provides the —CHO? Give a functional isomer of glucose and draw its structure.arrow_forwardDraw the structure for 2-bromo-2-chloro-3,4-dimethylhexane and state which if any carbons are chiral using the carbon number. Example: C1.arrow_forward
- On a blank sheet of paper, draw the constitutional isomers of C6H14?arrow_forward2. Draw and name all of the constitutional isomers of C4H8.arrow_forward2-brokopentane is an optically active compound, draw the two possible structure of optical isomer and label the chiral center with an asterisk(*) in each of the optical isomer structurearrow_forward
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