CP In experiments in which atomic nuclei collide, head-on collisions like that described in Problem 23.74 do happen, but “near misses” are more common. Suppose the alpha particle in that problem is not “aimed” at the center of the lead nucleus but has an initial nonzero angular momentum (with respect to the stationary lead nucleus) of magnitude L = p 0 b, where p 0 is the magnitude of the particle’s initial momentum and b = 1.00 × 10− 12 m. What is the distance of closest approach? Repeat for b = 1.00 × 10− 12 m and b = 1.00 × 10− 14 m.
CP In experiments in which atomic nuclei collide, head-on collisions like that described in Problem 23.74 do happen, but “near misses” are more common. Suppose the alpha particle in that problem is not “aimed” at the center of the lead nucleus but has an initial nonzero angular momentum (with respect to the stationary lead nucleus) of magnitude L = p 0 b, where p 0 is the magnitude of the particle’s initial momentum and b = 1.00 × 10− 12 m. What is the distance of closest approach? Repeat for b = 1.00 × 10− 12 m and b = 1.00 × 10− 14 m.
CP In experiments in which atomic nuclei collide, head-on collisions like that described in Problem 23.74 do happen, but “near misses” are more common. Suppose the alpha particle in that problem is not “aimed” at the center of the lead nucleus but has an initial nonzero angular momentum (with respect to the stationary lead nucleus) of magnitude L = p0b, where p0 is the magnitude of the particle’s initial momentum and b = 1.00 × 10−12 m. What is the distance of closest approach? Repeat for b = 1.00 × 10−12 m and b = 1.00 × 10−14 m.
Definition Definition Product of the moment of inertia and angular velocity of the rotating body: (L) = Iω Angular momentum is a vector quantity, and it has both magnitude and direction. The magnitude of angular momentum is represented by the length of the vector, and the direction is the same as the direction of angular velocity.
A proton moving in the positive x direction at 4.3 Mm/s collides with a nucleus. The collision lasts 0.12
fs, and the average impulsive force is 42 i + 17 j micro - Newton. A) Find the velocity of the proton
after the collision. B) Through what angle has the proton's motion been deflected?
CSM.10 One way to measure nuclear radii is to determine
the initial speed that a proton fired at a nucleus must have
to be absorbed. Suppose you fire a proton directly at the
nucleus of a gold atom, which contains 79 protons and
neutrons. Since both the proton and the gold nucleus are
positively charged, they will repel each other electrostati
cally. What must the proton's minimum initial speed (as
a fraction of the speed of light) be if it is to penetrate that
nucleus (whose radius is R 6 fm)?
(a) Give your answer symbolically in terms of R, the Cou-
lomb constant 1/4TEo, the speed of light c, the charge
on the proton q, and the proton's mass m.
(b) What is this fraction's numerical value?
(Hints: What must the proton's speed be at its point of
closest approach if the collision is head-on and it barely
touches the nucleus? Note also that the particles' initial
separation will be essentially infinite compared to 6 fm.
Neutrons have no
charge, so the charge of a gold nucleus
will be 79…
Two protons and an alpha particle (a=He nucleus, 2p+,2n0)are held at rest at the corners of an equilateral triangle whose side length is 9.20x10-10 . The particles are released and move apart. What is their total energy when they are far apart?
Chapter 23 Solutions
University Physics with Modern Physics (14th Edition)
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