Physical Science (12th Edition), Standalone Book
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781260150544
Author: Bill W. Tillery
Publisher: McGraw Hill Education
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Chapter 19, Problem 5PEA
To determine
The vertical displacement of the given slope and horizontal displacement.
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Rates of tectonic uplift can be determined from the age and elevation of stream terraces, flat-surfaced deposits of streambed sediment that represent ancient floodplains. By dating the age of the terraces and measuring the elevation of the terrace, the uplift rate is the difference in elevation of the terraces divided by the difference in ages of the terraces. A terrace at 164 m elevation is 101,000 years old while another terrace at 111 m is 24,800 years old. What is the rate
A strong R = 6.2 magnitude earthquake struck off a group of islands, where R is the Richter number. Its intensity is of the form I=aR. Find a. (Enter an exact number.)
A recent magnitude 6.0 Earthquake was recorded. Earthquakes represent a release of energy as a result of the earth's tectonic plates. a) Determine the amount of energy released in ergs. b) Determine the energy release in Joules. ( Hint use the earthquake formula M = 2/3 log (E/ 10^11.8); where M is the earthquake magnitude and E is the energy of the earthquake in ergs (recall 1 erg = 10^-7 Joules)).
Chapter 19 Solutions
Physical Science (12th Edition), Standalone Book
Ch. 19 - 1. The premise that the present is the key to...Ch. 19 - 2. The concept of uniformitarianism is that rocks...Ch. 19 - 3. A force that compresses, pulls apart, or...Ch. 19 - 4. Rock stress caused by two plates moving...Ch. 19 - 5. Adjustment to stress is defined as
a....Ch. 19 - 6. Rocks at great depths are under
a. lower...Ch. 19 - 7. A bend in layered bedrock that resulted from...Ch. 19 - 8. Folds that resemble an arch are called
a....Ch. 19 - 9. A fold that forms a trough is called a (an)
a....Ch. 19 - 10. Movement between rocks on one side of a...
Ch. 19 - 11. The actual place where seismic waves originate...Ch. 19 - 12. The point on Earth's surface directly above...Ch. 19 - 13. An earthquake that occurs in the upper part of...Ch. 19 - 14. The majority of earthquakes (85 percent)...Ch. 19 - 15. The size of an earthquake is measured by
a....Ch. 19 - 16. The energy of the vibrations or the magnitude...Ch. 19 - 17. Earthquakes are detected and measured by
a. a...Ch. 19 - 18. Elevated parts of Earth’s crust that rise...Ch. 19 - 19. Which of the following is not a classification...Ch. 19 - 20. Mountains that rise sharply from surrounding...Ch. 19 - 21. A large amount of magma that has crystallized...Ch. 19 - 22. The most abundant extrusive rock is
a....Ch. 19 - 23. The basic difference between the frame of...Ch. 19 - 24. The difference between elastic deformation and...Ch. 19 - 25. Whether a rock layer subjected to stress...Ch. 19 - 26. When subjected to stress, rocks buried at...Ch. 19 - 27. A sedimentary rock layer that has not been...Ch. 19 - 28. The difference between a joint and a fault is...Ch. 19 - 29. A fault where the footwall has moved upward...Ch. 19 - 30. Reverse faulting probably resulted from which...Ch. 19 - 31. Earthquakes that occur at the boundary between...Ch. 19 - 32. Each higher number of the Richter scale
a....Ch. 19 - 33. The removal of “older” crust from the surface...Ch. 19 - 34. Hutton observed that rocks, rock structures,...Ch. 19 - 35. The principle of uniformity has a basic frame...Ch. 19 - 36. What is not considered a type of strain?
a....Ch. 19 - 37. How a rock responds to stress and strain does...Ch. 19 - 38. Which rock is more likely to break under...Ch. 19 - 39. Rocks near or on the surface
a. are not cooler...Ch. 19 - 40. Rocks recover their original shape after...Ch. 19 - 41. Which is not a type of fault?
a. Normal
b....Ch. 19 - 42. Where do most earthquakes occur?
a. Along...Ch. 19 - 43. The name of the fault that is of concern to...Ch. 19 - 44. P-waves travel ____ S-waves.
a. faster than
b....Ch. 19 - Prob. 45ACCh. 19 - 46. An earthquake is
a. the result of the sudden...Ch. 19 - 47. The Black Hills in South Dakota and the...Ch. 19 - 48. The Appalachian Mountains were formed when
a....Ch. 19 - 49. Mountains that were formed as a result of...Ch. 19 - 50. The source of magma for the Mount St. Helens...Ch. 19 - 1. What is the principle of uniformity? What are...Ch. 19 - 2. Describe the responses of rock layers to...Ch. 19 - Prob. 3QFTCh. 19 - 4. What does the presence of folded sedimentary...Ch. 19 - 5. Describe the conditions that would lead to...Ch. 19 - 6. How would plate tectonics explain the...Ch. 19 - 7. What is an earthquake? What produces an...Ch. 19 - 8. Where would the theory of plate tectonics...Ch. 19 - 9. Describe how the location of an earthquake is...Ch. 19 - 10. Briefly explain how and where folded mountains...Ch. 19 - 11. The magnitude of an earthquake is measured on...Ch. 19 - 12. Identify three areas of probable volcanic...Ch. 19 - Prob. 13QFTCh. 19 - 14. Describe any possible relationships between...Ch. 19 - 15. What is the source of magma that forms...Ch. 19 - 16. Describe how the nature of the lava produced...Ch. 19 - 17. What are mountains? Why do they tend to form...Ch. 19 - 1. Evaluate the statement “the present is the key...Ch. 19 - Prob. 2FFACh. 19 - 3. What are the significant similarities and...Ch. 19 - 4. Explain the combination of variables that...Ch. 19 - Prob. 1IICh. 19 - Prob. 2IICh. 19 - Prob. 3IICh. 19 - Prob. 4IICh. 19 - Prob. 5IICh. 19 - Prob. 1PEACh. 19 - Prob. 2PEACh. 19 - Prob. 3PEACh. 19 - Prob. 4PEACh. 19 - Prob. 5PEACh. 19 - Prob. 6PEACh. 19 - Prob. 7PEACh. 19 - Prob. 8PEACh. 19 - Prob. 9PEACh. 19 - Prob. 10PEACh. 19 - Prob. 11PEACh. 19 - How wide, in kilometers, is a shield volcano...Ch. 19 - Prob. 13PEACh. 19 - Prob. 14PEACh. 19 - Prob. 15PEACh. 19 - Prob. 16PEACh. 19 - 1. The rocks in a syncline have been folded into a...Ch. 19 - Prob. 2PEBCh. 19 - Prob. 3PEBCh. 19 - 4. The hanging wall of a fault has been displaced...Ch. 19 - Prob. 5PEBCh. 19 - Prob. 6PEBCh. 19 - Prob. 7PEBCh. 19 - 8. Compare the ground motion (surface wave...Ch. 19 - Prob. 10PEBCh. 19 - Prob. 11PEBCh. 19 - Prob. 12PEBCh. 19 - Prob. 13PEBCh. 19 - Prob. 14PEBCh. 19 - Prob. 15PEBCh. 19 - Prob. 16PEB
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- A glacier is receding at a constant rate of 4.3 cm per day. After 35 years, by what approximate length has the glacier receded? 550 meters 1.5 meters 130 meters 55 kilometers 44 metersarrow_forwardAccording to the infographic above a recent magnitude 5.4 Earthquake was recorded. Earthquakes represent a release of energy as a result of the earth's tectonic plates. a) Determine the amount of energy release in ergs. b) Determine the energy release in Joules. ( Hint use the earthquake formula M = 2/3 log (E/ 10^11.8); where M is the earthquake magnitude and E is the energy of the earthquake in ergs (recall 1 erg = 10^-7 Joules)). c) Using the earthquake magnitude scale below to qualitatively categorize (was it Minor, Light, Moderate, Strong, Major or Great) and describe the earthquake (what kind of damage is expected from a magnitude 5.4 earthquake).arrow_forwardIf an earthquake measures 7.9 on the Richter Scale, what is the intensity of this earthquake, relative to a 0-level earthquake? Round off your answer to the nearest integer.arrow_forward
- If you wanted to live where the chances of a destructive earthquake were small, would you pick a location near a fault zone, near a mid ocean ridge, near a subduction zone, or on a volcanic island such as Hawaii? What are the relative risks of earthquakes at each of these locations?arrow_forwardDistinguish among a normal fault, a reverse fault, and a transform fault.arrow_forwardWhich metamorphic change is brought about primarily by heat? (22.6) (a) shear (b) contact (c) hydrothermal (d) regionalarrow_forward
- Rocks are sometimes used along coasts to prevent erosion. If a rock needs to weigh 2,000 kilograms (about 2 tons) in order not to be shifted by waves, how big (what volume) does it need to be? You are using basalt, which has a typical density of 3200 kg/m3arrow_forward(i) What is meant by an earthquake? (ii) What causes earthquakes to occur? (iii) State the three main types of fault that may cause an earthquake.arrow_forwardAccording to the infographic above a recent magnitude 6.1 Earthquake was recorded. Earthquakes represent a release of energy as a result of the earth's tectonic plates. a) Determine the amount of energy release in ergs. b) Determine the energy release in Joules. ( Hint use the earthquake formula M = 2/3 log (E/ 10^11.8); where M is the earthquake magnitude and E is the energy of the earthquake in ergs (recall 1 erg = 10^-7 Joules)arrow_forward
- On August 17, 1983, an earthquake with a magnitude of 5.3 in the Richter scale hit the province of llocos Norte. This was the most sever earthquake in North-western Luzon in 52 years and probably the second largest earthquake to hit Laoag City and its immediate vicinity in historical times (Source: philvocs.dost.gov.ph). How much energy was released by the earthquake? 8.51 x 107 joules 2.24 x 1012 joules 2.42 x 1012 joules 8.15 x 10' joulesarrow_forwardThe Richter scale measures seismic activity. Other measures of quake strength include the energy released by quakes. One of these other measures is given by the equation. Using this measure, find the relative strengths of the Chilean and the Haitian earthquakes. additonal info: Chile earthquake is 8.8 on the richter scale Haiti earthquake is 7 on the richter scalearrow_forwardIf one earthquake has a magnitude of 5 on the Richter scale and a second earthquake has a magnitude of 6, what is the relationship between the intensities of the two earthquakes?arrow_forward
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