Chemistry by OpenStax (2015-05-04)
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168390
Author: Klaus Theopold, Richard H Langley, Paul Flowers, William R. Robinson, Mark Blaser
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 17, Problem 40E
Explain what happens to battery voltage as a battery is used, in terms of the Nernst equation.
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Chapter 17 Solutions
Chemistry by OpenStax (2015-05-04)
Ch. 17 - If a 2.5 A current is run through a circuit for 35...Ch. 17 - For the scenario in the previous question, how...Ch. 17 - For each of the following balanced half-reactions,...Ch. 17 - For each of the following balanced half-reactions,...Ch. 17 - Given the following pairs of balanced...Ch. 17 - Balance the following in acidic solution: (a)...Ch. 17 - Identify the species that undergoes oxidation, the...Ch. 17 - Balance the following in acidic solution: (a)...Ch. 17 - Identify the species that was oxidized, the...Ch. 17 - Why is it not possible for hydroxide ion (OH-) to...
Ch. 17 - Why is it not possible for hydrogen ion (H+) to...Ch. 17 - Why must the charge balance in oxidation-reduction...Ch. 17 - Write the following balanced reactions using cell...Ch. 17 - Given the following cell notations, determine the...Ch. 17 - For the cell notations in the previous problem,...Ch. 17 - Balance the following reactions and write the...Ch. 17 - Identify the species oxidized species reduced, and...Ch. 17 - From the information provided, use cell notation...Ch. 17 - Why is a salt bridge necessary in galvanic cells...Ch. 17 - An active (metal) electrode was found to gain mass...Ch. 17 - An active (metal) electrode was found to lose mass...Ch. 17 - The mass of three different metal electrodes, each...Ch. 17 - For each reaction listed, determine its standard...Ch. 17 - For each reaction listed, determine its standard...Ch. 17 - Determine the overall reaction and its standard...Ch. 17 - Determine the overall reaction and its standard...Ch. 17 - Determine the overall reaction and its standard...Ch. 17 - Determine the overall reaction and its standard...Ch. 17 - For the standard cell potentials given here,...Ch. 17 - For the ?G values given here, determine the...Ch. 17 - Determine the standard cell potential and the cell...Ch. 17 - Determine G and G for each of the reactions in...Ch. 17 - Use the data in Appendix L to determine the...Ch. 17 - What are the desirable qualities of an electric...Ch. 17 - List some things that are typically considered...Ch. 17 - Consider a battery made from one half-cell that...Ch. 17 - Consider a battery with the overall reaction:...Ch. 17 - An inventor proposes using a SHE (standard...Ch. 17 - Why do batteries go dead, but fuel cells do not?Ch. 17 - Explain what happens to battery voltage as a...Ch. 17 - Using the information thus far in this chapter,...Ch. 17 - Which member of each pair of metals is more likely...Ch. 17 - Consider the following metals: Ag, Au, Mg, Ni, and...Ch. 17 - Aluminum (E Al 3+/Al=2.07V) is more easily...Ch. 17 - If a sample of iron and a sample of zinc come into...Ch. 17 - Suppose you have three different metals. A, B, and...Ch. 17 - Why would a sacrificial anode made of lithium...Ch. 17 - Identify the reaction at the anode, reaction at...Ch. 17 - What mass of each product is produced in each of...Ch. 17 - How long would it take to reduce 1 mole of each of...Ch. 17 - A current of 2.345 A passes through the cell shown...Ch. 17 - An irregularly shaped metal part made from a...
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- Use the data from the table of standard reduction potentials in Appendix H to calculate the standard potential of the cell based on each of the following reactions. In each case, state whether the reaction proceeds spontaneously as written or spontaneously in the reverse direction under standard-state conditions. (a) H2(g)+Cl2(g)2H+(aq)+2Cl(aq) (b) Al3+(aq)+3Cr2+(aq)Al(s)+3Cr3+(aq) (c) Fe2+(aq)+Ag+(aq)Fe3+(aq)+Ag(s)arrow_forwardThe following two half-reactions arc involved in a voltaic cell. At standard conditions, what species is produced at each electrode? Ag++eAgE=0.80VNi2++2eNiE=0.25Varrow_forwardBased on the cell potential measured for the cells Co(s)|Co2+(aq) Cu 2+( aq)|Cu( s)E=0.614VFe(s)|Fe2+(aq) Cu 2+( aq)|Cu( s)E=0.777V what potential should you expect to find for the following cell? Fe(s)|Fe2+(aq)Co2+(aq)|Co(s)arrow_forward
- a Calculate G for the following cell reaction: Tl(s)Tl+(aq)Pb2+(aq)Pb(s) The Gf for Tl+(aq) is 32.4 kJ/mol. b From G, calculate the standard cell potential for the cell reaction and from this, determine the standard potential for Tl2+(aq)+eTl(s).arrow_forwardA potassium chloride solution is electrolyzed by passing a current through the solution using inert electrodes. A gas evolves at each electrode, and there is a large increase in pH of the solution. Write the half-reactions that occur at the anode and at the cathode.arrow_forwardThe mass of three different metal electrodes, each from a different galvanic cell, were determined before and after the current generated by the oxidation-reduction reaction in each cell was allowed to flow for a few minutes. The first metal electrode, given the label A, was found to have increased in mass; the second metal electrode, given the label B, did not change in mass; and the third metal electrode, given the label C, was found to have lost mass. Make an educated guess as to which electrodes were active and which were inert electrodes, and which were anode(s) and which were the cathode(s).arrow_forward
- Electrochemical Cells II Consider this cell running under standard conditions: Ni(s)Ni2(aq)Cu+(aq)Cu(s) a Is this cell a voltaic or an electrolytic cell? How do you know? b Does current flow in this cell spontaneously? c What is the maximum cell potential for this cell? d Say the cell is connected to a voltmeter. Describe what you might see for an initial voltage and what voltage changes, if any, you would observe as time went by. e What is the free energy of this cell when it is first constructed? f Does the free energy of the cell change over time as the cell runs? If so, how does it change?arrow_forwardWrite the cell notation for a voltaic cell with the following half-reactions. Ni(s)Ni2+(aq)+2ePb2(aq)+2ePb(s)arrow_forwardComplete the following cell notation. Ag|Br(3.73M)|AgBrH+(?)|H2(1.0atm)|PtE=0.030Varrow_forward
- Calculate the standard cell potential at 25C for the following cell reaction from standard free energies of formation (Appendix C). Mg(s)+2Ag+(aq)Mg2+(aq)+2Ag(s)arrow_forwardDiagram the following galvanic cell, indicating the directionof flow of electrons in the external circuit and themotion of ions in the salt bridge. Pt(s)|Cr2+(aq),Cr3+(aq)||Cu2+(aq)|Cu(s) Write a balanced equation for the overall reaction in thiscell.arrow_forwardAs an example of an electrolytic cell, the text states: Sodium chloride is electrolyzed commercially in an apparatus called the Downs cell to produce sodium and chlorine. This is a high-temperature operation; the electrolyte is molten NaCl. Write the half-reaction equations for the changes taking place at each electrode. Is the electrode at which sodium is produced the anode or the cathode? The Downs cell electrolyzes molten melted sodium chloride, producing sodium and chlorine.arrow_forward
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