Chapter 16, Problem 16B.9P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For a dilute solution of a weak electrolyte AB, an expression for the equilibrium constant $K$ for dissociation is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

In a chemical reaction, when the rates of both forward and reverse reaction are equal then the chemical reaction is said to be at equilibrium.  They are reversible in nature. Equilibrium constant is denoted by $K$.  Mathematically, it is represented as the ratio of product concentration to reactant concentration raised to their stoichiometric coefficients,

  $K=\frac{{\left[\text{Product}\text{concentration}\right]}^{\text{a}}}{{\left[\text{Reactant}\text{concentration}\right]}^{\text{b}}}$

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

An explanation regarding the equivalence of degree of ionization with the ratio of molar conductivity to the molar conductivity in the limit of complete dissociation, $\left(\alpha ={\Lambda }_{\text{m}}/{\Lambda }_{\text{m,1}}\right)$ is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The ratio of the electrolytic conductivity to the molar concentration of electrolyte which is dissolved in an aqueous solution is called the molar ionic conductivity.  Mathematically, it is expressed as shown below.

    $\lambda =\frac{\kappa }{\text{C}}$

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The expressions for $K$ in terms of $\alpha$ and in terms of ${\Lambda }_{\text{m}}/{\Lambda }_{\text{m,1}}$ are to be equated and the following relation is to be stated.

    $\frac{1}{{\Lambda }_{\text{m}}}=\frac{1}{{\Lambda }_{\text{m,1}}}+\frac{{\Lambda }_{\text{m}}\left(1-\alpha \right)}{{\Lambda }_{\text{m,1}}^2{\alpha }^2}$

Concept introduction:

As mentioned in the concept introduction in part (a) and (b).