Chemistry
Chemistry
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780078021527
Author: Julia Burdge
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 15, Problem 1KSP

The K a for hydrocyanic acid ( HCN )  is 4 .9  ×  10 -10 . Determine the concentration of H + in a solution that is 0.25 M in

HCN .

( a ) 1 .2  ×  10 -10   M ( b ) 5 .0  ×  10 -4   M ( c ) 2 .2  ×  10 -5   M ( d ) 2 .5  ×  10 -5   M ( e ) 1 .1  ×  10 -5   M

Expert Solution & Answer
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Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The concentration of H+ ions in the HCN solution is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Equilibrium constant is the ratio of concentrations of the reactants and products present in the chemical reaction.

The equilibrium concentration of reactants and products, present in liquid or solid phase, in the reaction is considered to be 1 in the expression of equilibrium constant.

Answer to Problem 1KSP

Correct answer: Option (e)

Explanation of Solution

Given information:

The equilibrium reaction is given as follows:

HCNH++CN

The concentration of HCN solution is 0.25M.

Ka for hydrocyanic acid is 4.9×1010.

Reason for correct option:

The change in the concentration of the species in the given reaction is as follows:

HCNH+CNInitial0.25M00Changex+x+xAtequilibrium(0.25x)+x+x

The concentration of hydrogen ions in the HCN solution is calculated by the following expression as:

Ka=[H+][CN][HCN]

Here, Ka is the equilibrium constant, [H+],[CN], and [HCN] are the concentrations of H+,CN, and HCN, respectively.

Substitute the values of Ka,[H+],[CN], and [HCN] in the above equation as follows:

4.9×1010=x2(0.25x)

As the value of x is very small, therefore, the value (0.25x) is approximately 0.25.

4.9×1010×0.25=x2x=1.225×1010=1.1×105M

Therefore, the concentration of H+ ion in the HCN solution is 1.1×105M.

Hence, option (e) is correct.

Reason for incorrect options:

Option (a) is incorrect because according to the above relation, the value 1.2×1010M is not obtained. So, it is the wrong answer.

Option (b) is incorrect because according to the above relation, the value 5.0×104M is not obtained. So, it is the wrong answer.

Option (c) is incorrect because according to the above relation, the value 2.2×105M is not obtained. So, it is the wrong answer.

Option (d) is incorrect because according to the above relation, the value 2.5×105M is not obtained. So, it is the wrong answer.

Hence, options (a), (b), (c), and (d) are incorrect.

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Chapter 15 Solutions

Chemistry

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