Horizons: Exploring the Universe (MindTap Course List)
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781305960961
Author: Michael A. Seeds, Dana Backman
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 14, Problem 6P
To determine
The new value of Hubble’s constant.
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If the value of the Hubble's constant were found to be 60 km/s/Mpc, what would the Hubble time be?
Explain how the Hubble constant, H0, can be used to make an estimate for the age of the Universe. Use the value of H0 = 0.07×103 kms-1/Mpc to estimate the Universe’s age. Comment on the significance of your answer.
What is the most likely range of values for Hubble’s constant? What are the uncertainties in its value?
Chapter 14 Solutions
Horizons: Exploring the Universe (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 14 - How does the darkness of the night sky tell you...Ch. 14 - How can Earth be located at the center of the...Ch. 14 - Prob. 3RQCh. 14 - Prob. 4RQCh. 14 - Why couldn’t atomic nuclei exist when the e of the...Ch. 14 - Why are measurements of the present density of the...Ch. 14 - Prob. 7RQCh. 14 - Prob. 8RQCh. 14 - What is the evidence that the Universe was very...Ch. 14 - Prob. 10RQ
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- Approximate values of length (in meters) 107 Diameter of Earth 1011 Distance from Earth to Sun 1016 Distance traveled by light in one year 1021 Diameter of the Milky Way Galaxy 1022 Distance from Earth to the nearest galaxy 1025 Distance from Earth to the edge of the known universearrow_forwardThere are two parts to this question. I need to know the years for both. I have tried 14,000,000,000, 17,908,900,000, 17.29 x 10^9, and 17.9089 x 10^9 for the hubble time and all those are wrong. I have tried 17,908,900,000, 17.29 x 10^9, and 17.9089 x 10^9 for the second question and those are wrong too.arrow_forward1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 Cosmic background data from COBE 0.4 0.2 0.0 0.5 10 Wavelength A in mm c) Background (CMB) undertaken by the COBE satellite. Use this diagram to estimate the current temperature of the CMB. Based on your estimate, what would the temperature of the CMB have been at a redshift of z = 5000? The left hand diagram above shows the results from observations of the Cosmic Microwave Radiated Intensity per Unit Wavelength (16° Watts/m per mm)arrow_forward
- Suppose that the universe were full of spherical objects, each of mass m and radius r . If the objects were distributed uniformly throughout the universe, what number density (#/m3) of spherical objects would be required to make the density equal to the critical density of our Universe? Values: m = 10 kg r = 0.0399 m Answer must be in scientific notation and include zero decimal places (1 sig fig --- e.g., 1234 should be written as 1*10^3)arrow_forwardGaia will have greatly improved precision over the measurements of Hipparcos. The average uncertainty for most Gaia parallaxes will be about 50 microarcsec, or 0.00005 arcsec. How many times better than Hipparcos (see Exercise 19.32) is this precision?arrow_forwardThe best parallaxes obtained with Hipparcos have an accuracy of 0.001 arcsec. If you want to measure the distance to a star with an accuracy of 10%, its parallax must be 10 times larger than the typical error. How far away can you obtain a distance that is accurate to 10% with Hipparcos data? The disk of our Galaxy is 100,000 light-years in diameter. What fraction of the diameter of the Galaxy’s disk is the distance for which we can measure accurate parallaxes?arrow_forward
- Is the Hubble constant actually constant?arrow_forwardSuppose the Hubble constant were not 22 but 33 km/s per million light-years. Then what would the critical density be?arrow_forwardShow work. For the following: A parsec is a distance equal to 3.26 light years. The speed of light is 2.998 x 10°m/s. A nght year is a unit of distance equal to the distance light travels in one year. The brightest star in the night sky is Sirius, (Not the radio station) is 2.63 parsecs away. (1km30.621miles, 365d-1yr) How many miles away is this star?arrow_forward
- Time left 1:45:56 A star has initially a radius of 680000000 m and a period of rotation about its axis of 33 days. Eventually it changes into a neutron star with a radius of only 45000 m and a period of 0.3 s. Assuming that the mass has not changed, find Assume a star has the shape of a sphere. (Suggestion: do it with formula first, then put the numbers in) [Recommended time : 5-8 minutes] (a) the ratio of initial to final angular momentum (Li/Lf) Oa. 2.17E+15 Ob. 24 Oc. 0.0416 Od. 4.61E-16 (b) the ratio of initial to final kinetic energy Oa. 4.85E-23 Ob. 396000 Oc. 2.53E-6 Od. 2.06E+22arrow_forwardSuppose the proper length of a UFO rocketship is 3475 kilometers, L. Then how fast is the rocketship moving relative to the Earth? Parameter value: L = 530 km Give the value of a = (c - v)/c. OB: OA: 9.999x10-3 1.170x10-2 OC: 1.369x10-2 OD: 1.602x10-2 but its length observed by a telescope on Earth is OE: OF: 1.874x10-2 2.192x10-2 OG: 2.565x10-2 OH: 3.001x10-2arrow_forwardUsing our example from the previous unit, let's try to determine the Hubble time for this example universe. You were given that a good representative galaxy receded at a speed of 4000 km/s and was found to be 20 Mpc away. With that in mind, what would the age of that universe be in years (aka what is that universe's Hubble time)? Go ahead and take the number of kilometers per Mpc to be approximately 3.1*10^19 km/Mpc. While this problem may look scary at first, this is really just bringing you full circle to one of the unit conversion problems you encountered at the beginning of this course.arrow_forward
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