Understanding Our Universe
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780393614428
Author: PALEN, Stacy, Kay, Laura, Blumenthal, George (george Ray)
Publisher: W.w. Norton & Company,
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Chapter 13, Problem 41QAP
To determine
To compare mass of hot cup of coffee to cold cup of coffee.
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The special theory of relativity has what effect on measurements done today? (a) None whatsoever, because any correction would be negligible. (b) We need to consider the effects of relativity when objects move close to the speed of light. (c) We should always make a correction for relativity because Newton’s laws are basically wrong. (d) It doesn’t matter, because we can’t make measurements where relativity would matter.
Einstein's mass-energy equation is E=mc 2 , where mass is in kilograms and the speed of light is 3.00×108m/s. The unit of energy is the joule (4.184J=1cal;1000cal=1kcal,1J=1kg⋅m2/s2).
1) Calculate the energy released, in calories, when 1 g of matter is converted to energy, then calculate the energy released, in kilocalories, when 1 g of matter is converted to energy.
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O A light ray is bent the same amount, it doesn't matter how strong the gravity is.
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Chapter 13 Solutions
Understanding Our Universe
Ch. 13.1 - Prob. 13.1CYUCh. 13.2 - Prob. 13.2CYUCh. 13.3 - Prob. 13.3CYUCh. 13.4 - Prob. 13.4CYUCh. 13.5 - Prob. 13.5CYUCh. 13.6 - Prob. 13.6CYUCh. 13 - Prob. 1QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 2QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 3QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 4QAP
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- The meter was redefined as a reference to Earth, then to krypton, and finally to the speed of light. Why do you think the reference point for a meter continued to change?arrow_forwardIn fact, the conversion of mass to energy in the Sun is not 100% efficient. As we have seen in the text, the conversion of four hydrogen atoms to one helium atom results in the conversion of about 0.02862 times the mass of a proton to energy. How much energy in joules does one such reaction produce? (See Appendix E for the mass of the hydrogen atom, which, for all practical purposes, is the mass of a proton.)arrow_forwardAssume that the mass of the Sun is 75% hydrogen and that all of this mass could be converted to energy according to Einstein’s equation E=mc2 . How much total energy could the Sun generate? If m is in kg and c is in m/s, then E will be expressed in J. (The mass of the Sun is given in Appendix E.)arrow_forward
- It is said that Einstein, in his teenage years, asked the question, What would I see in a mirror if I carried it in my hands and ran at the speed of light? How would you answer this question?arrow_forwardA speck of carbon dust may contain as many as 30 billion atoms of carbon, each atom having a mass of 2.00 x 10-23 grams. Suppose the mass of all the atoms in a speck of carbon dust were converted entirely to energy and applied to the kinetic energy of a baseball. How fast would the baseball be moving? (Mass of baseball = 0.145 kg. ) (1 gram = 1 x 103kg) (KE = ½ mv2) (1 billion = 1 x 109)arrow_forwardIn the context of relativity, what is an "event"? Give a specific example of an event and provide the coordinates necessary to specify the event.arrow_forward
- Einstein’s discovery that energy and mass are equivalent had let to technological developments that are both beneficial and dangerous. Discuss three of these developments. Overall, do you think the human race would be better or worse if we had never discovered that mass is a form of energy?arrow_forwardEnergy and Mass: If a typical city consumes electrical energy at a rate of 2.0 GW (that's 2 billion joules per second), how many kilograms of matter would have to be converted entirely into electrical energy in order to keep this city running for 14 weeks? (c = 3.0 × 108 m/s)arrow_forwardTrue or False: People traveling near the speed of light relative to Earth would measure their lifespans and find them, on the average, longer than the average human lifespan as measured on Earth.arrow_forward
- Light has no mass so it also has no energy according to Einstein, but how can sunlight warm the earth without energy?arrow_forwardWhat are the two postulates of Einstein's special theory of relativity?arrow_forwardAccording to the formula E=mc2, mass has to travel at the speed of light before it can produce any energy energy can travel much faster than light (in fact its speed can be the speed of light squared) a little bit of mass can be converted into a substantial amount of energy when two masses collide, we always get a lot of light Einstein was a male chauvinist twice overarrow_forward
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