Introductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approach
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781305079250
Author: Mark S. Cracolice, Ed Peters
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 11, Problem 78E
Which of the following describes the element
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Which of the following describes the element Ba? Choose all that apply:(a) is very reactive as a metal; (b) consists of diatomic molecules in elemental form; (c) forms an ion with a charge of 2; (d) forms a cation that is isoelectronic with a noble gas; (e) reacts with alkali metals to form salts; (f) is one of the group of the least reactive elements.
(a) Describe the trends of atomic size and ionization energy, respectively, in the Periodic Table:
(1) from left to right across a period, and (ii) from top to bottom down a group.
(b) Rank the following elements: Na, Mg, Al, and K, in increasing order of: (i) atomic size; (ii) ionization
energy, and (iii) reactivity.
(c) Rank the following elements: F, CI, Br and I, in increasing order of: (i) atomic size; (ii) electron
affinity, (iii) electronegativity, and (iv) reactivity.
Boron, atomic number 5, occurs naturally as two isotopes, 10B and 11B, with natural abundances of 19.9% and 80.1%, respectively.Â
(a) In what ways do the two isotopes differ from each other? Does the electronic configuration of 10B differ from that of 11B?
(b) Draw the orbital diagram for an atom of 11B. Which electrons are the valence electrons?
(c) Indicate three ways in which the 1s electrons in boron differ from its 2s electrons.
(d) Elemental boron reacts with fluorine to form BF3, a gas. Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction of solid boron with fluorine gas.
(e) ÂΔHf° for BF3(g) is -1135.6 kj/mol. Calculate the standard enthalpy change in the reaction of boron with fluorine.
(f) Will the mass percentage of F be the same in 10BF3 and 11BF3? If not, why is that the case?
Chapter 11 Solutions
Introductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approach
Ch. 11 - Prob. 1ECh. 11 - Prob. 2ECh. 11 - Identify measurable wave properties that are used...Ch. 11 - Prob. 4ECh. 11 - Which among the following are not quantized? a...Ch. 11 - Which of the following are quantized? a canned...Ch. 11 - Prob. 7ECh. 11 - In the Bohr model of the hydrogen atom, the...Ch. 11 - Prob. 9ECh. 11 - Prob. 10E
Ch. 11 - Prob. 11ECh. 11 - Prob. 12ECh. 11 - Prob. 13ECh. 11 - Prob. 14ECh. 11 - Prob. 15ECh. 11 - Prob. 16ECh. 11 - Prob. 17ECh. 11 - Prob. 18ECh. 11 - Prob. 19ECh. 11 - How many sublevels are there in an atom with n=4?Ch. 11 - Prob. 21ECh. 11 - Prob. 22ECh. 11 - Prob. 23ECh. 11 - Prob. 24ECh. 11 - The principal energy level with n=6 contains six...Ch. 11 - Although we may draw the 4s orbital with the shape...Ch. 11 - Prob. 27ECh. 11 - Prob. 28ECh. 11 - Prob. 29ECh. 11 - Prob. 30ECh. 11 - Prob. 31ECh. 11 - Prob. 32ECh. 11 - Prob. 33ECh. 11 - Prob. 34ECh. 11 - Prob. 35ECh. 11 - Is the quantum mechanical model of the atom...Ch. 11 - Prob. 37ECh. 11 - Prob. 38ECh. 11 - What element has the electron configuration...Ch. 11 - Prob. 40ECh. 11 - Prob. 41ECh. 11 - What is meant by [Ne] in [Ne]3s23p1?Ch. 11 - Prob. 43ECh. 11 - Prob. 44ECh. 11 - Prob. 45ECh. 11 - Prob. 46ECh. 11 - Prob. 47ECh. 11 - Prob. 48ECh. 11 - Prob. 49ECh. 11 - Prob. 50ECh. 11 - Prob. 51ECh. 11 - Prob. 52ECh. 11 - Use a noble gas core to write the electron...Ch. 11 - a Write the complete ground state electron...Ch. 11 - 55. Why are valence electrons important?Ch. 11 - Prob. 56ECh. 11 - Prob. 57ECh. 11 - Prob. 58ECh. 11 - Prob. 59ECh. 11 - Prob. 60ECh. 11 - Prob. 61ECh. 11 - . Using only the periodic table, arrange the...Ch. 11 - Prob. 63ECh. 11 - Prob. 64ECh. 11 - Prob. 65ECh. 11 - Prob. 66ECh. 11 - Prob. 67ECh. 11 - Using only the periodic table, arrange the...Ch. 11 - Prob. 69ECh. 11 - Using only the periodic table, arrange the...Ch. 11 - Prob. 71ECh. 11 - Give the symbol for an element that is: a a...Ch. 11 - Prob. 73ECh. 11 - a What is the name of the alkali metal that is in...Ch. 11 - Prob. 75ECh. 11 - Which of the following describes the element Ba?...Ch. 11 - Prob. 77ECh. 11 - Which of the following describes the element Br?...Ch. 11 - Prob. 79ECh. 11 - Prob. 80ECh. 11 - Prob. 81ECh. 11 - Prob. 82ECh. 11 - Prob. 83ECh. 11 - Prob. 84ECh. 11 - Prob. 85ECh. 11 - Prob. 86ECh. 11 - Prob. 87ECh. 11 - Prob. 88ECh. 11 - Prob. 89ECh. 11 - Prob. 90ECh. 11 - Prob. 91ECh. 11 - Determine whether each statement that follows is...Ch. 11 - Prob. 93ECh. 11 - Prob. 94ECh. 11 - Prob. 95ECh. 11 - Prob. 96ECh. 11 - Prob. 97ECh. 11 - Prob. 98ECh. 11 - Prob. 99ECh. 11 - Prob. 100ECh. 11 - Prob. 101ECh. 11 - Prob. 102ECh. 11 - Prob. 103ECh. 11 - Prob. 104ECh. 11 - Prob. 105ECh. 11 - Prob. 106ECh. 11 - Prob. 107ECh. 11 - Prob. 108ECh. 11 - Prob. 109ECh. 11 - Prob. 11.1TCCh. 11 - Prob. 11.2TCCh. 11 - Prob. 11.3TCCh. 11 - Prob. 11.4TCCh. 11 - Prob. 11.5TCCh. 11 - Prob. 1CLECh. 11 - Prob. 2CLECh. 11 - Prob. 3CLECh. 11 - Prob. 4CLECh. 11 - Prob. 5CLECh. 11 - Prob. 6CLECh. 11 - Prob. 7CLECh. 11 - Prob. 8CLECh. 11 - Prob. 9CLECh. 11 - Write the electron configuration of the highest...Ch. 11 - Prob. 2PECh. 11 - Prob. 3PECh. 11 - Prob. 4PECh. 11 - Prob. 5PECh. 11 - Prob. 6PECh. 11 - Prob. 7PE
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Does the information on alkali metals in Table 2-8 of the text confirm the general periodic trends in ionization energy and atomic radius? Explain.arrow_forwardTwo elements are in the same group, one following the other. One is a metalloid; the other is a metal. Both form oxides of the formula RO2. The first is acidic; the next is amphoteric. Identify the two elements.arrow_forwardWhich element would you expect to be more metallic?(a) Ca or Rb(b) Mg or Ra(c) Br or Iarrow_forward
- An element has the following electronic configuration: [Kr]4d105s25p2(a) What period does it belong to?(b) What is its group number? (Use group numbers from 1 to 18)(c) What kind of element is it? (Main group metal, transition metal, metalloid, nonmetal?)(d) How many unpaired electrons are there in an atom of this element?arrow_forward(a) Rank elements: Na, Mg, Al, and K, in increasing order of: (i) atomic size; (ii) ionization energy, and (iii) reactivity. (b) Explain why atomic size decreases from left to right, but increases from top to bottom; (c) Explain why ionization energy increases from left to right, but decreases from top to bottom; (d) Explain why the reactivity of alkali metals (Group-1) increases from top to bottom, where as the reactivity of halogen (Group-17) decreases from top to bottom.arrow_forwardQ1. This question is about atomic structure. (a) Write the full electron configuration for each of the following species. CH Fe2+ (b) Write an equation, including state symbols, to represent the process that occurs when the third ionisation energy of manganese is measured. (c) State which of the elements magnesium and aluminium has the lower first ionisation energy Explain your answer. (d) A sample of nickel was analysed in a time of flight (TOF) mass spectrometer. The sample was ionised by electron impact ionisation. The spectrum produced showed three peaks with abundances as set out in the table. m/z Abundance /% 58 61.0 60 29.1 61 9.9 Give the symbol, including mass number, of the ion that would reach the detector first in the sample. Calculate the relative atomic mass of the nickel in the sample. Give your answer to one decimal place. Page 2 of 12 Symbol of ion Relative atomic massarrow_forward
- Arrange in order of increasing atomic size. (a) the period 3 elements Cl, Na, and Ar (b) the Group 2A elements Ca, Be, and Mgarrow_forward(c) Silicon (Si) is the most common chemical element in today's semiconductor industry. It has an atomic number of 14 and belongs to the Group IV (4) of the periodic table with its most common isotope being Si-29. (i) (ii) (iii) Explain what an isotope is. How many protons and how many neutrons are in the nucleus of this Silicon isotope? What is the electron configuration of Si?arrow_forward(a) Identify the number of electrons in the ground-state outer shell of atomic oxygen (atomic number 8).(b) How many electrons are in the ground-state outer shell of fluorine?arrow_forward
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