Concept explainers
Gypsum is hydrated calcium sulfate. A 4.89-g sample of this hydrate was heated. After the water was removed, 3.87 g anhydrous calcium sulfate remained. Determine the formula for this hydrate and name the compound.
Interpretation:
Formula and name of the hydrated calcium sulfate needs to be determined for which 4.89 g hydrated sample gives 3.87 g anhydrous salt.
Concept introduction:
Hydrated salts are those which contain certain molecules of water as water of crystallization.
Answer to Problem 185A
Formula of the hydrate is CaSO4.2H2O. Name of the hydrate is calcium sulfate dihydrate.
Explanation of Solution
Mass of hydrated calcium sulfate is 4.89 g.
Mass of anhydrous calcium sulfate is 3.87 g.
Thus,
Mass of water
Molar mass of CaSO4 is 136 g/mol.
Molar mass of H2O is 18 g/mol.
Therefore, number of moles of calcium sulphate and water can be calculated as follows:
Putting the values,
Mole of CaSO4
Mole of H2O
Mole ratio of CaSO4: H2O
So, the formula is CaSO4.2H2O.
Formula of the given hydrate is CaSO4.2H2O and it is called calcium sulfate dihydrate.
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Chemistry: Matter and Change
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