Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (3rd Edition)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134605173
Author: Mark F. Sanders, John L. Bowman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 1, Problem 5P
Define the terms allele, chromosome, and gene and explain how they relate to one another. Develop an analogy between these terms and the process of using a street map to locate a new apartment to live in next year (i.e., consider which term is analogous to a street, which to a type of building, and which to an apartment floor plan).
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What is the genetic phenomenon by which, two individuals carrying the same allele causing a disease do not express the same
symptoms (phenotype)?
Use the editor to format your answer
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In the DNA, different alleles of a gene have a different sequence of
***18. Complete this flowchart to show how different alleles can result in different characteristics.
different sequence of
in
transcription
> different sequence of
in a protein translation
> different structure and function of the protein (e.g. normal enzyme vs. defective enzyme)
> different characteristics (e.g. normal
color vs. albino)
In this section, you will analyze how different alleles of the hemoglobin gene can result in sickle cell ar
vs. normal health.
***19. Compare the nucleotide sequence in the "Beginning of Normal Hemoglobin Gene" vs. the
"Beginning of Sickle Cell Hemoglobin Gene". What is the only difference?
An important application of DNA fingerprinting is relationship testing. Persons who are related genetically have some bands or peaks in common. The number they share depends on the closeness of their genetic relationship. For example, an offspring is expected to receive half of his or her minisatellites from one parent and the rest from the other. The diagram shown here schematically illustrates traditional DNA fingerprints of an offspring, mother, and two potential fathers. In paternity testing, the offspring’s DNA fingerprint is first compared with that of the mother. The bands that the offspring have in common with the mother are depicted in purple. The bands that are not similar between the offspring and the mother must have been inherited from the father. These bands are depicted in red. Which male could be the father?
Chapter 1 Solutions
Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (3rd Edition)
Ch. 1 - 1. Genetics affects many aspects of our lives....Ch. 1 - 2. How do you think the determination that DNA is...Ch. 1 - 3. A commentator once described genetics as “the...Ch. 1 - All life shares DNA as the hereditary material....Ch. 1 - Define the terms allele, chromosome, and gene and...Ch. 1 - 6. Define the terms genotype and phenotype, and...Ch. 1 - 7. Define natural selection, and describe how...Ch. 1 - Describe the modern synthesis of evolution, and...Ch. 1 - What are the four processes of evolution? Briefly...Ch. 1 - Define each of the following terms: a....
Ch. 1 - 11. Compare and contrast the genome, the proteome,...Ch. 1 - With respect to transcription describe the...Ch. 1 - Plant agriculture and animal domestication...Ch. 1 - Briefly describe the contribution each of the...Ch. 1 - If thymine makes up 21% of the DNA nucleotides in...Ch. 1 - What reactive chemical groups are found at the 5...Ch. 1 - Identify two differences in chemical composition...Ch. 1 - What is the central dogma of molecular biology?...Ch. 1 - A portion of a polypeptide contains the amino...Ch. 1 - The following segment of DNA is the template...Ch. 1 - 23. Fill in the missing nucleotides (so there are...Ch. 1 - 24. Suppose a genotype for a protein-producing...Ch. 1 - Prob. 25PCh. 1 - 26. Four nucleic acid samples are analyzed to...Ch. 1 - 27. What is meant by the term homology? How is...Ch. 1 - 28. If one is constructing a phylogeny of reptiles...Ch. 1 - 29. Consider the following segment of...Ch. 1 - 30. Ethical and social issues have become a large...Ch. 1 - 31. In certain cases, genetic testing can identify...Ch. 1 - 32. What information presented in this chapter and...Ch. 1 - 33. It is common to study the biology and genetics...
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- Describe how the data are presented in the figure “0%”. Compare the presentation of data seen in this “circular” figure to the corresponding, and more familiar, presentation seen in a typical scatter plot or histogram (i.e. cartesian system).arrow_forwardChoose one human multifactorial condition and describe it in detail. Include a description of the condition, possible genetic and environmental components that cause the condition as well as an explanation of why it is difficult to study multifactorial conditions. Include references. PDF https://www.genetics.edu.au/PDF/Environmental_and_genetic_interactions_fact_sheet-CGE.pdfarrow_forwardChoose and discuss one genomic comparison that has been analyzed and the information that it provided.arrow_forward
- Regarding the analysis of single marker STR results used in forensic science. Tick all the correct statements: if a suspect's alleles are identical to those collected at a crime scene, then the suspect is possibly guilty dizygotic twins can have similar alleles at an STR locus no correct statement if a suspect's alleles are different from those found at a crime scene, then the suspect is definitely innocent monozygotic twins may have different alleles at an STR locus ☐if a suspect's alleles are different from those collected at a crime scene, then the suspect is possibly innocent ☐two unrelated individuals could have a similar genetic profile monozygotic twins cannot have different alleles at an STR locus dizygotic twins cannot have similar alleles at an STR locus ☐if a suspect's alleles are identical to those collected at a crime scene, then the suspect is definitely guiltyarrow_forwardWhat is the difference between Genetic Distance and Physical Distance? Use pictorial and tabular references to make your answer clear. Kindly also give an example of genetic and physical map like Drosophila, Yeast or Maize of any chromosome.arrow_forward"Genes and alleles are the same thing." Please explain in detail why this is false and a misconception.arrow_forward
- Explain the central dogma of biology. Explain the role of each part of the dogma in creating an organism. Make a connection to a trait that you inherited from your parents that makes you unique.arrow_forwardRefer to the sequence characteristics of the alleles for Gene A (A1 = Allele 1 and A2 = Allele 2) below: Question: What DNA marker system can be developed for Gene A as characterized above, for example to study A-allele diversity? Briefly describe your proposed DNA marker i.e. concept overview, type/frequency/site of DNA mutation, method of resolution, genetic inheritance, etc.arrow_forwardDescribe the mutation that created the Hbs allele: type of mutation, location of mutation on HbA sequence (#of bases from beginning of sequence), nucleotide change (from which base to which base?) Answer in a paragraph form and answer it straight forward...arrow_forward
- What are two possible explanations for why the same genotype (DNA) can result in different phenotypes (result)arrow_forwardUse the following information to answer the next question. In the 19th century, individuals who were not among the "normal" population were often thought to be failures or defectives. Early in the 20th century, the interaction of genetics, law and society resulted in policies of enforced sterilization, restrictive immigration, and institutionalization of those thought to be genetic defectives. As this century closes, society will haev difficult choices to make about the legality, morality, and economics of applying genetic knowledge and technology. The difficulty of this situation is summarized in the words of a famous geneticist, Theodosius Dobzhansky (b. 1900 - d. 1975) "If we enable the weak and the deformed to live and produce more of their kind, we face the prospect of a genetic twilight (decline). but if we let them die or suffer when we can help them, we face the certainty of a moral twilight."arrow_forwardA nutritionist is interested in collecting data to develop a healthy eating program at a local high school. In particular, the nutritionist is interested in collecting the students' body mass index value and their daily caloric intake. The nutritionist wishes to study the relationship between these two quantitative pieces of data. What would be the best graph to display this type of data? A B с D scatterplot histogram box plot pie chartarrow_forward
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