Write the mechanism for the nitration at the ortho position of methyl benzoate with nitric acid and sulfuric acid –be sure to show all sigma complexes in your mechanism.
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- Imagine that phenol (“hydroxybenzene”) and nitrobenzene are reacted (in separate beakers) with a hot solution containing both concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid. A) In analyzing the products, you discover that the substitution pattern resulting from the reaction with phenol differs from the reaction with nitrobenzene. Explain this difference in substitution patterns using one or more judiciously selected reaction mechanisms or portions of mechanisms.Imagine that phenol (“hydroxybenzene”) and nitrobenzene are reacted (in separate beakers) with a hot solution containing both concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid. A) Phenol reacts much more quickly than benzene, and benzene reacts much more quickly that nitrobenzene. Explain this observation, using at least one appropriate reaction coordinate diagram as part of your answer (be sure to label your reaction diagram with appropriate structures). You do not need to include any complete mechanisms, but you may wish to use portions of mechanisms as part of your discussion.Write the mechanism, as well as the structure of intermediate A and product B, for the following reaction.
- Illustrate the reaction mechanism for the ethylation of p-cyclopropylphenol (other reactants: AlCI3 and ethylchloride). Refer to Friedel-Craft Alkylation mechanism as your guide in doing this mechanism. Show ALL partial charges in the EACH structure using BLUE ink. Arrows should be written using RED ink.Write the mechanism for the Friedel Crafts Acylation reaction of ethylbenzene using acetyl chloride and aluminum chloride. What ratio of ortho-, para-, and meta- products would you expect? Explain why you expect that ratio.Illustrate the reaction mechanism for the ethylation of p-cyclopropyllphenol (other reactants: AlCl3 and ethylchloride). Refer to Friedel-Craft Alkylation mechanism as your guide in doing this mechanism. Show ALL partial charges in the EACH structure using BLUE color. Arrows should be written using RED color.
- Write a mechanism for the dehydration of the following moleculeWhen equivalent amounts of methyl bromide and sodium iodide are dissolved in methanol, the concentration of iodide ion quickly decreases and then slowly returns to its original concentration. Account for this observation.Assuming you are a chemist and you need to extract ethanolic acid in a benzene solution. Propose and briefly discuss how to extract the ethanolic acid in the benzene solution. Include the reactions involved in each step, if any.
- Write a balanced reaction and mechanism for the acid-base reaction of diethylbenzyl phosphonate with sodium hydroxide. Which Hydrogens are most acidic? Explain by writing resonance structures.Complete the electron‑pushing mechanism for the reaction of the γ‑hydroxyaldehyde in hydrochloric acid by adding any missing atoms, bonds, charges, nonbonding electrons, and curved arrows. Note the use of a generic alcohol representing another alcohol molecule in solution.Write methanol and semi-acetal, acetal, semi-ketal and ketal products together with their mechanism by leaving propanal and 2-butanone compound