What shuttle mechanism transfers the electrons from cytosolic NADH into the mitochondria with the electrons being transferred to complex II? O glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle O alanine aminotransferase shuttle O malate-aspartate shuttle O adenine nucleotide shuttle
Q: Acetyl CoA carboxylase is the major control point for fatty acid synthesis. Which of the following…
A: Acetyl CoA carboxylase catalyzes the carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to produce malonyl-CoA. It is the…
Q: What is the direct source of energy that powers molecular motors? proton gradient H+ gradient…
A: Molecular motors are proteins that generate motion within the cell for various activities like…
Q: What are the qualitative tests to characterize isolated RNA?
A: RNA or ribonucleic acid, most often single stranded nucleic acid found is all living organisms is…
Q: The hormone cortisol causes activation of pathways that under normal conditions 4. are not active at…
A: Gluconeogenesis is the synthesis of glucose residues from non-carbohydrate sources such as pyruvate,…
Q: Which of these chemicals damages the brain in a way that resembles Parkinson’s disease? A. Capsaicin…
A: Dopamine is a neurotransmitter. It is synthesised by dopaminergic neurons. Parkinson's disease is…
Q: 2. Enzymes of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex.
A: PDC is a multienzyme complex that catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA via glycolysis.…
Q: Write a description of the physical characteristics of the isolated starch and glycogen. Provide the…
A: Starch and Glycogen are Polysaccharides, made up of many units of monosacharides. Starch is reserve…
Q: Calculate AG for this reaction under the following conditions: 37°C, pH 7, [Pyruvate] = [CO₂] = 4.0…
A: The thermodynamic function called Gibbs free energy (G), named after Josiah Willard Gibbs, best…
Q: Once AMP and GMP are synthesized, they are then converted to ADP and GDP, then to ATP and GDP. What…
A: Adenosine & Guanosine are purine nitrogen bases. To these phosphate groups are attached. AMP…
Q: Which reaction or reactions of glycolysis require NAD* as a reactant? Which reaction or reactions in…
A: Cellular respiration is the process how biochemical energy is generated from food. It involves the…
Q: Several problems not applicable to synthetic drugs often influence the quality of herbal drugs -…
A: Synthetic drugs are the pure form of a compound prepared and approved by testing in several trials.…
Q: Which of the following statements about gluconeogenesis is TRUE? Gluconeogenesis is one way to…
A: The term "gluconeogenesis" describes a collection of metabolic processes that take place in the…
Q: A) what does the figure illustrate? B) Label the components in the figure pointed by the arrows and…
A: Our red blood cells (RBCs) are composed of hemoglobin that helps to transport oxygen throughout the…
Q: How does the degree of unsaturation and structure of fats affect its functionality, for example in…
A: Triglycerides or triacylglycerides or simple fats are fatty acid esters of glycerols. In…
Q: 4. If a non-science person asks you what protein folding is and how the concept is related to…
A: Enzymes are biological catalysts that increases the rate of biochemical reactions. Most enzymes that…
Q: Exam pe reaction That require energy Catabolic Allosteric site ADP+POATP Entropy increases 2nd law…
A: Enzymes are catalysts that speed up biochemical reaction. These are workable under particular…
Q: OOC 1 H₂C H₂C H₂C-C HC H₂C NH NO HN Coo 1 CH₂ T CH₂ C-CH, CH C-CH₂ G=CH₂ "OOC 1 H₂C H₂C T H₂C H₂C-C…
A: Hemoglobin has four subunits, in which each has a heme group. The heme group is a heterocyclic…
Q: Q10.1: Answer the following three-part question. a) Calculate the ΔEº’ for the citrate cycle…
A: Converting malate to oxaloacetate: The regeneration of oxaloacetate in the citric acid cycle is…
Q: In the presence of saturating amounts of oxaloacetate, the activity of citrate synthase from pig…
A: Citrate synthase is the first and regulatory step the enzyme of citric acid cycle (TCA). Citrate…
Q: create a concept map revolving around the topic nucleic acids. Use at least twelve (12)…
A: Nucleic acids are large biomolecules which plays important role in expression, storage and transfer…
Q: 1) Gluconeogenesis refers to ________. A) the breakdown of glycogen B) the formation of glucose from…
A: Generally, glucose is the preferred source of energy in our body. But of we are not eating properly…
Q: Make 2 mL of 50 fold dilution of DNA solution and sodium phosphate buffer. DNA: 400 uL Sodium…
A: Dilution is the process of lowering the concentration of a solution by adding more of solvent to it.…
Q: Write the sequence of the mRNA molecule synthesized from a DNA template strand having the sequence…
A: Genetic information in our body is stored in form of DNA. DNA multiples itself by replication. DNA…
Q: Suppose researchers studied the first chromosome of a new species and mapped three genes of…
A: The frequency of recombination is a measure of genetic linkage that is used to create a genetic…
Q: Structure, localization and biological significance of glycogen.
A: Introduction Cell needs energy for various metabolic processes. Glucose breaks into pyruvate and…
Q: Describe the mechanism for moving acetyl-CoA produced in the mitochondrial matrix into the cytosol…
A: An enzyme called acetyl CoA carboxylase in the cytoplasm catalyzes the carboxylation of Acetyl CoA…
Q: 2. Scheme of anaerobic oxidation of glucose and energy balance.
A: Organisms that live under anaerobic conditions rely only on glycolysis to generate ATP. Glycolysis…
Q: For the net production of a molecule of glucose from CO₂, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate must react with…
A: Synthesis of glucose from phosphoglycerate occurs through the process gluconeogenesis. ribulose 1,5…
Q: A(n) (hydrolysis, oxidation reduction, group transfer, isomerization, internal rearrangment)…
A: Fatty acids are carboxylic acids with a hydrocarbon chain ranging from 4 carbon to 36 carbons.…
Q: please explain how to solve this type of questions
A: Each amino acid's preference for the alpha or beta secondary structure can be estimated. The…
Q: Given a peptide chain that is composed of the following amino acids: (branched chain-- polar…
A: Chromatography is a separation technique by which amino acids dissolved in a mobile phase are…
Q: The following is a(n) [Select] [Select] V [Select] disaccharide with a(n) glycosidic bond.
A: Disaccharides are sugars which are formed as a glycosidic bond is formed between 2 monosaccharides.…
Q: Compare and contrast the following. Use you own words and be sure to incorporate key biochemical…
A: Since you have posted multiple questions, we will provide the solution only to the first question as…
Q: true/false: The carbon skeleton produced by catabolism of asparagine enters glycolysis as…
A: Anaplerotic reactions are reactions that produce intermediates of TCA cycles. Conversion of…
Q: Please calculate the number of ATP that can be generated from one molecule of the fatty acid shown…
A: Most of the body's fatty acids are oxidized by beta-oxidation. The oxidation of fatty acids on the…
Q: *What are the products of saponification (hydrolysis with NaOH as the catalyst) of 1-stearoyl-2,…
A: Triglycerides are fatty acid esters of glycerols. Fatty acids are carboxylic acids with a long…
Q: Question 1: What is the cost (in number of ATP equivalents) of the synthesis of by the salvage…
A: oleate is mono-unsaturated FA with 18C and palmitate is saturated fatty acyl chains with 16 carbon…
Q: All lipids are absorbed into absorptive cells of the small intestine by which process? Primary…
A: The biological membrane that surrounds a living cell is called the cell membrane. The structure of…
Q: Please help me calculate BSA and Net Abs (explaination and details pls)
A: Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) is the most commonly used protein in research. It is obtained from the…
Q: 。. An investigator has a strand of chromosomal DNA whose sequence is shown. She wants to use…
A: PCR or polymerase chain reaction is a lab procedure that amplified fragments of DNA by using a…
Q: Why might a person who is gravely ill not want to participate in a placebo-controlled drug study?
A: Placebo-controlled drug study is a study done where one group of participants are given the actual…
Q: does BPG bind to deoxyhemoglobin only？why BPG does not bind to oxyhemoglobin？ what is chemical…
A: Hemoglobin is a globular protein, ie it is roughly spherical. It is a tetramer of two types of…
Q: Explain how an enzyme could distinguish between the (now circled) equivalent positions in the above…
A: Aconitase is an enzyme that catalyses the conversion of Citrate to isocitrate. Aconitase is an iron…
Q: Draw structure Guanine and Adenine and describe the difference in the structure?
A: Nucleotides vs nucleosides Nucleosides are pentose sugar(ribose in the case of RNA and deoxyribose…
Q: Another key component of lipids is a fatty acid. A fatty acid is recognizable by its carboxyl group.…
A: Since you have posted a question with multiple sub parts, we will provide the solution only to the…
Q: Draw structure of Cytosine, Thymine and Uracil and describe the difference in the structure?
A: Nucleotides vs nucleosides Nucleosides are pentose sugar(ribose in the case of RNA and deoxyribose…
Q: is this protein folding funnel from a metamorphic protein? yes or no? is there one intermediate…
A: Anfinsen hypothesis postulates that under native conditions, the three-dimensional structure of a…
Q: When a product inhibits an enzyme by binding to the active site, which of the following would occur?…
A: Introduction Enzymes are known as biocatalyst. They increases rate of a chemical reaction by…
Q: In active muscle cells, the pO2 is about 10 torr at the cell surface and 1 torr at the mitochondria…
A: Fractional saturation (Y) is the fraction of protein that is ligand bound. Y= moles of…
Q: 1. Theoretically, a protein could assume a virtually infinite number of configurations and…
A: Since you have posted multiple questions, we will provide the solution only to the first question as…
Q9
Trending now
This is a popular solution!
Step by step
Solved in 3 steps
- The enzyme that catalyzes reaction below can be classified as: CoO COO NAD+ NADH + H* Но- | malate -C- H-Ć- dehydrogenase Охaloacetate Malate isomerase lyase hydrolase oxidoreductase ligase transferaseIn class, I mentioned that fructose is metabolized differently in the liver compared to glucose. Refer to the figure shown below to calculate the number ofATPs you would expect from the metabolism of fructose in the liver. Show your work! Fructokinase Fructose Fructose-1-P АТР ADP Aldolase B Dihydroxy- acetone phosphate Glyceraldehyde АТР Triose kinase Triose phosphate isomerase ADP 4 - Glyceraldehyde-3-P Glycolysis Руruvate Acetyl-CoA Fatty acids and triglyceridesConsider the mechanism of enolase, as indicated below. Which of the following correctly describes the roles of the Mg2+ as illustrated in the figure? (This is a multi- select question). Mg2+ Mg2 Enolase PO3- OH -C-C-H H OH HO H-N-H Lys 345 Glu211 2-Phosphoglycerate bound to enzyme Mg2+ Mg2 PO3- OH C-C-H OH HO H H-N*-H Lys 345 O Glu211 Enolic intermediate HOH PO3- H Phosphoenolpyruvate The metal ion (Mg2+) is helping to stabilize the extra negative charge that developed on the carboxyl group in the enolic intermediate. The metal ion (Mg2+) is serving as a general base, removing a proton in order to improve the quality of the nucleophile. The metal ion (Mg2+) is assisting in the oxidation of the carboxyl carbon through metal ion catalysis. The metal ion (Mg2+) is helping to orient the substrate properly in the active site. The metal ion (Mg2+) is accepting a proton in order to improve the quality of the leaving group.
- Which class of enzymes catalyzes the following reactions? CH2- CH2- CH2 H2- C- CH2 AST CH2-C CH2 CH-NH + C=O + C=0 + CH-NH ČO0 Čo0 ČO0 ČO0" Aspartate Oxoglutarate Oxaloacetate Glutamate Select one: a. Oxidoreductase O b. Isomerase O c. Ligase d. TransferaseNH₂ CH3 Methyltransferases NH₂ OH OH S-Adenosylmethionine (SAM) Transamination Phosphate transfer Protein Acetyl transfer Transmethylation CH3 DNÁ CH3 NH₂ What metabolic reaction is best represented by this chemical equation? SAH-Hydrolase (SAHase) NH₂ OH OH S-Adenosyl-L-Homocysteine (SAH) I но. #M OH OH Adenosine NH₂ NH₂ SH HomocysteineIdentify each reaction catalyzed by (a) a nucdeotidase; (b) a phosphorylase; (c) a phosphoribosyltransferase. GMP A D E Guanine Guanosine F
- The aspartate carbamoylase (ATCase) is an enzyme that catalyzes the reaction below utilizing the multi-substrate reaction strategy which requires aspartate to bind first and then carbamoyl phosphate. As the reaction progresses product, Pi leaves before carbamoyl aspartate. aspartate NH3 O NH₂ carbamoyl phosphate O Ping pong O Double displacement O Random sequential O Controlled sequential O Ordered sequential ATCase P₁ NH₂ carbamoyl aspartateAlcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), catalyzes a reaction where primary alcohol is converted an aldehyde using NAD* ADH fits in which class of enzyme? hydrolases lyases transferases O oxidoreductases QUESTION 25 In the serine protease catalytic mechanism, which of the following helps stabilize the tetrahedral intermediate? O low barrier hydrogen bond oxyanion hole aspartate side chain O histidine side chain QUESTION 26 In the catalytic mechanism of an aminotransferase, one substrate binds and reacts, leaving behind an amine group Click Save and Submit to save and submit. Click Save All Answers to save all answers. 78 Mostly dly 3 Type here to searchEnergetic of Fructose-1 ,6-bis P Hydrolysis (Integrates with Chapter 3.) The standard free energy change (G) for hydrolysis of fructose-1. 6-bisphosphate (FBP) to fructose-S-phosphate (F-6-P) and P: is -16.7 KJ/mol: FBP + H2O fructose-6-P + Pi The standard free energy change (G) for ATP hydrolysis is -30.5 KJ/mol: ATP + H2O ADP + Pj What is the standard free energy change for the phosphofructokinase reaction: ATP + fructose-6-P ADP + FBP b. What is the equilibrium constant for this reaction? c. Assuming the intracellular concentrations of [ATP] and (ADP] are maintained constant at 4 mM and 1.6 mM, respectively, in a rat liver cell, what will be the ratio of [FBP]/[fructose-6-P] when the phosphofructokinase reaction reaches equilibrium?
- Which class does the following enzyme belong to: CO₂ + GTP GDP 選 C=0 CH₂ phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase Hydrolases Lyases Ligases Transferases Oxidoreductases C-O-PO- I CH₂Figure 1 shows the metabolisms that require vitamins as coenzymes. (c) Methylation Reactions THq Folate "Methionine Methionine synthase 5, 10-methylene Tta - Folate (B) NADPH + H+ Methylene THy redu ctase (A) Homocysteine 5-methy& THq Folaté NADP* Figure 1 (i) The metabolism (A) requires FAD as coenzyme. Name the vitamin required for (A). (ii) Which vitamin is required for the metabolism (B)? (iii) Process (C) in Figure 1 is an important cellular process required for cell replication. What is (C)?Explain the purpose of the glycerol 3 phosphate shuttle (Don’t worry about the mechanism, just the purpose of the shuttle. Just one sentence here!). Suppose a cell could only rely on the glycerol 3 phosphate shuttle and not the malate-aspartate shuttle, how would that affect the amount of ATP that could be generated from the complete oxidation of 1 molecule of glucose in that cell? How would this change the amount of ATP that could be generated from the complete oxidation of 1 molecule of palmitate in this cell?