The following balances appeared in the general ledger of Umzinto Traders on 01 March 2012, the beginning of the financial year: R Vehicles 300 000 Accumulated depreciation on vehicles 140 000 Equipment 130 000 Accumulated depreciation on equipment 75 000 Additional information A new vehicle, cost price R160 000, was purchased on credit on 01 December 2012. Equipment with a cost price of R10 000, was sold for cash on 31 August 2012 for R2 000. The accumulated depreciation on the equipment sold amounted to R7 000 on 01 March 2012. Depreciation is calculated on equipment at 10% per annum on cost. Depreciation is calculated on vehicles at 20% per annum on the diminishing balance. Prepare the following note to the financial statements as at 28 February 2013: Property, plant and equipment
Reporting Cash Flows
Reporting of cash flows means a statement of cash flow which is a financial statement. A cash flow statement is prepared by gathering all the data regarding inflows and outflows of a company. The cash flow statement includes cash inflows and outflows from various activities such as operating, financing, and investment. Reporting this statement is important because it is the main financial statement of the company.
Balance Sheet
A balance sheet is an integral part of the set of financial statements of an organization that reports the assets, liabilities, equity (shareholding) capital, other short and long-term debts, along with other related items. A balance sheet is one of the most critical measures of the financial performance and position of the company, and as the name suggests, the statement must balance the assets against the liabilities and equity. The assets are what the company owns, and the liabilities represent what the company owes. Equity represents the amount invested in the business, either by the promoters of the company or by external shareholders. The total assets must match total liabilities plus equity.
Financial Statements
Financial statements are written records of an organization which provide a true and real picture of business activities. It shows the financial position and the operating performance of the company. It is prepared at the end of every financial cycle. It includes three main components that are balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement.
Owner's Capital
Before we begin to understand what Owner’s capital is and what Equity financing is to an organization, it is important to understand some basic accounting terminologies. A double-entry bookkeeping system Normal account balances are those which are expected to have either a debit balance or a credit balance, depending on the nature of the account. An asset account will have a debit balance as normal balance because an asset is a debit account. Similarly, a liability account will have the normal balance as a credit balance because it is amount owed, representing a credit account. Equity is also said to have a credit balance as its normal balance. However, sometimes the normal balances may be reversed, often due to incorrect journal or posting entries or other accounting/ clerical errors.
The following balances appeared in the general ledger of Umzinto Traders on 01 March 2012, the beginning of the financial year:
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R |
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Vehicles |
300 000 |
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140 000 |
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Equipment |
130 000 |
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Accumulated depreciation on equipment |
75 000 |
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Additional information
- A new vehicle, cost price R160 000, was purchased on credit on 01 December 2012.
- Equipment with a cost price of R10 000, was sold for cash on 31 August 2012 for R2 000. The accumulated depreciation on the equipment sold amounted to R7 000 on 01 March 2012.
- Depreciation is calculated on equipment at 10% per annum on cost.
- Depreciation is calculated on vehicles at 20% per annum on the diminishing balance.
Prepare the following note to the financial statements as at 28 February 2013:
Property, plant and equipment
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