The 260/280 ratio of pure DNA is between 1.8- 35 2.0. The absorbance of DNA at different 30 wavelengths is shown to the right. Based on the graph, why is a 260/280 ratio of DNA between 1.8-2.0 considered pure?n 25 20 15 10 220 240 260 280 300 320 340 Wavelength (nm) Absorbance
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- A plot showing the % of denaturation as a function of temperature for a melting point of a DNA sample under 0.12 M NaCl gives an equation of a line of Y= 0.0074 X - 0.044. (where Y is the % of denaturation and X is the temperature in °C) Question: Calculate the melting point of this DNA in °C.What is the concentration of a DNA solution that absorbs 0.812 and 0.463 at 260 and 280 nm, respectively? Is the DNA solution considered to be good quality? Why or why not?A plot showing the % of denautration as a function of temperature for a melting point of a DNA sample under 0.12 M NaCl gives an equation of a line of Y= 0.0074 X - 0.044 (Where Y is the % of denautration and X is the temperature in degree C) This is all the information that was given. 1. Calcuate the melting point of this DNA in degree C
- You extract DNA from 200, You pipette 200 microlitres of this extraction sample into a 3-ml cuvette and make up to 3.0 ml using buffer. The absorbance at 260 nm (A260) of the solution in the cuvette is 0.2 (Remember: an A 260 of 1.0 corresponds to a DNA concentration in the cuvette solution of 50 micrograms per ml). Calculate the total amount of DNA in 100g wheat germ, assuming that the extraction efficiency of DNA from wheat germ during your lab protocol is 40%. Please fill out each of the boxes in the Table below What to Calculate Calculation / Result Marks (x / 100) 12/100 DNA concentration in cuvette solution (in microgram per ml) Dilution factor of DNA sample in cuvette 12/100 12/100 Total amount (microgram) of DNA in the entire extraction sample Total amount (milligram) of DNA in 100g wheat germ 24/100 assuming an extraction efficiency of 40%The two sides of the DNA double helix are connected by pairs of bases (adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine). Because of the geometric shape of these molecules, adenine bonds with thymine and cytosine bonds with guanine. The figure below shows the bonding of thymine and adenine. Each charge shown is +e or - e, and the H-N distance is 0.110 nm. (a) Calculate the net force that thymine exerts on adenine. Is it attractive or repulsive? To keep the calculations fairly simple, yet reasonable, consider only the forces due to the O- H-N and the N-H-N combinations, assuming that these two combinations are parallel to each other. Remember, however, that in the O-H-N set, the O- exerts a force on both the H+ and the N-, and likewise along the N–H-N set. (b) Calculate the force on the electron in the hydrogen atom, which is 0.0529 nm from the proton. Then compare the strength of the bonding force of the electron in hydrogen with the bonding force of the adenine-thymine molecules (H (H (H)…The two sides of the DNA double helix are connected by pairs of bases (adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine). Because of the geometric shape of these molecules, adenine bonds with thymine and cytosine bonds with guanine. The figure (Figure 1) shows the thymine-adenine bond. Each charge shown is ±e, and the H−N distance is 0.110 nm . Calculate the net force that thymine exerts on adenine. To keep the calculations fairly simple, yet reasonable, consider only the forces due to the O−H−N and the N−H−N combinations, assuming that these two combinations are parallel to each other. Remember, however, that in the O−H−N set, the O− exerts a force on both the H+ and the N−, and likewise along the N−H−N set. Express your answer in newtons. Is the net force attractive or repulsive?
- The figure shows that the average distance between base pairs measured parallel to the axis of a DNA molecule is 3.4 Å. The average molar mass of a pair of nucleotides is 650 g•mol-1. Estimate the length in cm of a DNA molecule of molar mass 5.1x109 4.0 .26 g•mol-1. cm Roughly how many base pairs are contained in this molecule? [4.0 784615 x base pairs CG G C OH TA Thymine Adenine H. H. OH CH2 N-H.......O CH3 H H N……·H–N HLH TA OH 0-P H2C CG G C H. CH2 Guanine H OH Cytosine ... H-N TA AT H' N.....H-N HLH N-H.......O H2C OH H -o. -P3D0 TA 0- OH H. -CH2 (b) The most common structure of DNA, which is a right-handed double helix. The two strands are held together by hydrogen bonds (a) Base-pair formation between adenine (A) and thymine (T) and between cytosine (C) and guanine (G). and other intermolecular forces.Base analysis of DNA from maize (corn) shows it to have 23 mole percent cytosine (moles per 100 moles total nucleotide). What are the percentages of the other three bases?There is one base pair for every 0.34 nm of DNA and the totalcontour length of all the DNA in a single human cell is 2 m.Calculate the number of base pairs in a single cell. Assumingthat there are 1014 cells in the human body, calculate the totallength of DNA. How does this estimate compare to the distance from the earth to the sun (1.5 * 108km)?
- The complementary strands of DNA in the double helixare held together by hydrogen bonds: G ≡ C or A = T.These bonds can be broken (denatured) in aqueous solutions by heating to yield two single strands of DNA(see Figure 1-13a). How would you expect the relativeamounts of GC versus AT base pairs in a DNA doublehelix to affect the amount of heat required to denatureit? How would you expect the length of a DNA doublehelix in base pairs to affect the amount of heat requiredto denature it?Assuming the average weight of a deoxynucleotide monophosphate (dNMP) is 327.0 g/mol, how many picomoles of DNA are present in 500ng of a 1000bp DNA fragment?if this DNA has a molecular weight of 1.20 ×108 Dalton which contains a head in a about 200 nm long. Calculate the length of the DNA assuming the molecular weight of a nucleotide pair is 600 Dalton and assume that the DNA is a B-form and that there are 10 base pair per turn which makes is 34 Å per turn. ( 1nm = 10Å)