rue or False (Justify your answer briefly) (a) Potential outcomes are never observed. (b) Let Y0i and Y1i be the two potential outcomes from a binary treatment. The causal effect of the treatment on the outcome for observation i is Y1i − Y0i. (c) If we assume the individual treatment effect τi = Y1i − Y0i is the same across i, then τi can be estimated. (d) Random assignment is the same as random sampling. (e) Sampling bias is the same as selection bias. (f) If treatment is randomly assigned, then treatment is independent of the outcome

EBK HEALTH ECONOMICS AND POLICY
7th Edition
ISBN:9781337668279
Author:Henderson
Publisher:Henderson
Chapter4: Economic Evaluation In Health Care
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 3QAP
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1. True or False (Justify your answer briefly)

  1. (a) Potential outcomes are never observed.

  2. (b) Let Y0i and Y1i be the two potential outcomes from a binary treatment. The causal effect of the treatment on the outcome for observation i is Y1i − Y0i.

  3. (c) If we assume the individual treatment effect τi = Y1i − Y0i is the same across i, then τi can be estimated.

  4. (d) Random assignment is the same as random sampling.

  5. (e) Sampling bias is the same as selection bias.

(f) If treatment is randomly assigned, then treatment is independent of the outcome.

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