A group of researchers at Cornell University tested these three strategies to seewhich would be most effective retarding the evolution of diamondback moths to Bt-broccoli plants. Cry1Ac and Cry1C were the two types of Bt toxins used.In the mosaic strategy, 40% of the field had Cry1 Ac plants and 40% had Cry1C plants.The remaining 20% of the field was plants without any toxin.In the sequential treatment, 80% of the field consisted Cry1Ac plants for 12generations, with 20% with plants lacking toxins. Then at generation 13, 80% of thefield was Cry1C plants, with 20% with plants without toxins.In the pyramiding strategy, 80% of the field had plants with both the CrylC andCry1Ac toxins, and 20% of the field had plants without any toxinsQUESTIONSQuestion 1. You may have noticed that in each of the three treatments, a portion(20%) of the field contained plants without any toxins. Leaving parts of the plantedfield pesticide-free (refuges) is common practice in biological control and ismandated in the use of Bt plants. What purpose(s) would such refuges serve inslowing down the rate of evolution of resistance? (Hint: Resistance to a pesticideoften incurs a cost to the resistant individual.)

Here natural pesticides resistance or pesticide limiting agents plays an impactful role to control…

Question 1. You may have noticed that in each of the three treatments, a portion (20%) of the field contained plants without any toxins. Leaving parts of the planted field pesticide-free (refuges) is common practice in biological control and is mandated in the use of Bt plants. What purpose(s) would such refuges serve in slowing down the rate of evolution of resistance? (Hint: Resistance to a pesticide often incurs a cost to the resistant individual.)

Question 1. You may have noticed that in each of the three treatments, a portion (20%) of the field contained plants without any toxins. Leaving parts of the planted field pesticide-free (refuges) is common practice in biological control and is mandated in the use of Bt plants. What purpose(s) would such refuges serve in slowing down the rate of evolution of resistance? (Hint: Resistance to a pesticide often incurs a cost to the resistant individual.)

Concepts of Biology

1st Edition

ISBN:9781938168116

Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise

Publisher:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise

Chapter10: Biotechnology

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 6RQ: What is the role of Agrobacterium tumefaciens in the production of transgenic plants? a. Genes from...

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

The pesticide DDT was widely used in the 1940s as a method of insect control. In the late 1950s the first DDT-resistant mosquitoes were discovered, and eventually DDT-resistant mosquitoes were found globally. When DDT is used now, the development of DDT resistance in mosquito populations occurs in months rather than years.Which of the following best explains the observations concerning DDT resistance in mosquitoes?* nd 2 chool The proportion of DDT-resistant mosquitoes in a population remains constant due to O the metabolic costs of DDT utilization DDT is a chemical signal that delays normal reproductive cycles in many mosquito populations. Natural selection favors DDT-resistant mosquitoes that are already present in a population when DDT exposure occurs. Competition for limited resources causes mosquitoes to migrate to geographical areas that have richer supplies of DDT. A population of 1.492 finches is intróduced to a rainforest. Over the next year, the finches show a death rate of…
A researcher wants to compare the pathogenicity of a mutant pathogen relative to wild type in an animal model. The mutant is marked with the constitutive expression of a foc gene that turns colonies blue on X-gal agar. The input ratio of the experiment Dilue/white colonies) was 10:1. The output ratio of the infection experiment tant to d type was 1-100 a. What is the CI? Show your work. 1. Define the Cr and describe what it measures in your answer Which of these genotypes does better during infection, the mutant or the wild-type?
Do you have any suggestions on how they could have controlled the spread of kudzu? As you stated in your post, the plant thrives in certain environmental conditions. Do you feel that certain environmental aspects can be purposely altered in an attempt to slow the progress of the plant? I was more interested in the kudzu plant as it has the ability to cause great harm, even to the extent of wiping out other plants and trees. Please explain the full bold information please. Thank you
1) Complementation occurs when auxotrophic organisms provide a wildtype allele that another auxotroph is lacking to produce a needed molecule for a chemical pathway. The wt allele can be passed on through horizontal gene flow, or the interaction of the auxotrophs during reproduction produces an offspring with a 'rescued' phenotype due to independent assortment returning favorable recombination of function alleles. If a researcher interacts four auxotrophs, and mutant -1 complements mutants -2, -3, and -4, and mutant -2 complements mutants -3 and -4, and mutant -3 complements -4, how many genes are indicated? a) Four genes! b) One gene with four alleles! c) Three genes with one allele. d)A complementation chart was not provided so I cannot answer this question. 2) An inheritance ratio of 12:3:4 is a sure indication of: a) Incomplete assortment. b) A dihybrid example of codominance. c) Dominant epistasis. d) Recessive epistasis.
Identify which of the following statements is a lie? Select one: a. Bacterial biofilms due to quorum sensing can be found on medical equipment and implants such as hip or knee replacements or heart pacemakers. b. Quorum sensing uses autoinducers as signaling molecules. Autoinducers are signaling molecules secreted by bacteria to communicate only with the same species of bacteria. c. The first evidence of bacterial communication was observed in a bacterium that has a symbiotic relationship with Hawaiian bobtail squid.
It appears that infection by Plasmodium is negative for Anopheles. We also showed in class that the mosquito immune system can be upregulated to limit or terminate Plasmodium infection of these mosquitoes. So why don’t we see natural selection to upregulate the mosquito’s immune system and get rid of that parasite? Best explanation. Upregulating the immune system comes at the cost of shortening life span and thus (most probably) reproductive success Having a Plasmodium infection is negative for the mosquito, but it protects against much worse pathogens Upregulation of the immune system in Plasmodium leads to more rapid development of Plasmodium, causing even greater problems for Anopheles Statement is wrong. This upregulation was done with genetic engineering in a lab. Alleles to do something like that do not exist in nature
You are testing whether or not there is a difference between the weights of healthy mice, and those infected with the mouse equivalent of COVID-19. You notice that the sick mice tend to have lower weight. To see if this is statistically significant, you run a t-test. What are your null and alternative hypotheses? Choose the best answer. O a. Null: Slck mice have lower weights than healthy mice; Alternative: There is no difference between the groups O b. Null: There is no difference between the groups; Alternative: There is a difference between the groups c. Null: Sick mice have higher weights than healthy mice; Alternative: Sick mice have lower weights than healthy mice O d. There is no difference between the groups; Alternative: Sick mice have higher weights than healthy mice
In a study on the ecological impact of malarial infection in the lizard Scelopons occidentalis, researchers caught 15 lizards with the malarial parasite Plasmodium and 15 without. Researchers measured the distance (meters) each lizard could run in two minutes (as a measure of stamina). The following is the code and R output from the "t.test" function. t.test (x=infected, y=uninfected) Welch Two Sample t-test data: infected and uninfected t = -1.9658, df = 27.239, p-value = 0.05959 alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0 95 percent confidence interval: -10.9523489 0.2323489 sample estimates: mean of x mean of y 26.87333 32.23333 The confidence interval includes the value of 0, therefore we conclude that: a. The difference between the treatment and the placebo is positive b. There is no difference between the treatment and the placebo OC. The difference between the treatment and the placebo is negative Od. There is a difference between the treatment and the…
Discuss either (a) how allelopathy contributes to the invasiveness of spotted knapweed or (b) the difference between choice and non-choice experiments and how it relates to experiments on hyperaccumulating plants.
What are the 3 pillars of signal transduction that are employed by bacteria for communication? Describe, compare, and contrast each type. Cite an example and elaborate the pathway (i.e., molecular process).
Soil bacteria such as Streptomyces spp. produce the bulk of known antibiotics. It has been suggested that in nature antibiotics serve as signaling molecules, allowing members of the same species or strain to communicate. If this is the case, what might these molecular signals be “saying” and how would such a message be transmitted?
suggest a strategy that you might employ to isolate all of the genes involved in nitrogen fixation from Azobacter vinelandi assuming that you do not have nif genes from other microorganisms to use as hybridization probes and discuss whether it is possible to genetically engineer plants to fix nitrogen.