Answered: Provide the product(s) for the reaction…

Provide the product(s) for the reaction of benzene with nitric acid and sulfuric acid. If more than one product is formed, list the major product first. If no reaction, draw the starting material.

Chemistry: Matter and Change

1st Edition

ISBN:9780078746376

Author:Dinah Zike, Laurel Dingrando, Nicholas Hainen, Cheryl Wistrom

Publisher:Dinah Zike, Laurel Dingrando, Nicholas Hainen, Cheryl Wistrom

Chapter22: Substituted Hydrocarbons And Their Reactions

Section22.4: Other Reactions Of Organic Compounds

Problem 18SSC

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Question

Provide the product(s) for the reaction of benzene with nitric acid and sulfuric acid.

If more than one product is formed, list the major product first. If no reaction, draw the starting material.

Expert Solution

Step 1

When benzene is treated with Nitric acid and sulphuric acid then only Nitrobenzene is form as a single Product.

First of all Nitric acid and Sulphuric acid gives NO₂⁺, which attached with benzene ring by removal of Hydrogen ion.

HNO₃ + H₂SO₄ ----> H₂NO₃⁺ + HSO₄^-

H₂NO₃⁺ ------> H₂O + NO₂⁺

C₆H₆ + NO₂⁺ + HSO₄^- ----> C₆H₅NO₂ + H₂SO₄

Here, sulphuric acid used as a catalyst.

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